Euthanasia as a possibility in the system of protection of fundamental rights

Comunicación presentada en el Seminario Internacional en Cultura de la Legalidad: Los desafíos del Estado de Derecho en el siglo XXI, celebrado en Getafe (Madrid) el 13 de febrero de 2017 y organizado por el Grupo de Investigación sobre el Derecho y la Justicia (GIDYJ) de la Universidad Carlos III de Madrid.A eutanásia tem sido discutida e aplicada desde séculos, por variados motivos, como forma de provocar a morte de outrem. Atualmente, a ideia conceitual da eutanásia orbita na provocação desta morte por sentimentos de piedade ou caridade, ante o sofrimento físico e/ou psicológico atroz a que determinada pessoa vivencia. O foco deste trabalho é a investigação da possibilidade de autorização da “morte piedosa” em casos especialíssimos, dentro dos reflexos do ordenamento jurídico português. E a investigação da existência de tensão ou conflito entre princípios firmados na Constituição da República Portuguesa que não possam ser realizados sem um sopesamento de valor entre um e outro. A atualidade do tema em Portugal é agora evidente, em face da discussão sobre futuro projeto de lei sobre a eutanásia, em discussão no Parlamento Português.Euthanasia has been discussed and applied for centuries, for various reasons, as a way to cause the death of another person. Currently, the conceptual idea of euthanasia orbits in the provocation of this death by feelings of pity or charity, by the atrocious physical and / or psychological suffering that a certain person experiences. The focus of this work is the investigation of the possibility of authorizing the "merciful death" in special cases, within theframework of the Portuguese legal system. And the investigation of the existence of tension or conflict between principles established in the Portuguese Federal Constitution that can not be carried out without a balance of value between one and the other. The up-to-dateness of the topic in Portugal is now evident, because of the discussion on the future legislative bill on euthanasia, under discussion in the Portuguese Parliament

In situ H2O2 treatment of blue-green algae contaminated reservoirs causes significant improvement in drinking water treatability.

The evaluation of water quality improvement brought about by in situ treatment of eutrophic water bodies, especially those used for human supply, is a challenging task since each water system responds differently. To overcome this challenge, we applied exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to understand the effects of using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on eutrophic water used as a drinking water supply. This analysis was used to identify the main factors that described the water treatability after exposing blue-green algae (cyanobacteria) contaminated raw water to H2O2 at both 5 and 10 mg L-1. Cyanobacterial chlorophyll-a was undetectable following the application of both concentrations of H2O2 after four days, while not causing relevant changes to green algae and diatoms chlorophyll-a concentrations. EFA demonstrated that the main factors affected by both H2O2 concentrations were turbidity, pH and cyanobacterial chlorophyll-a concentration, which are important variables for a drinking water treatment plant. The H2O2 caused significant improvement in water treatability by decreasing those three variables. Finally, the use of EFA was demonstrated to be a promising tool in identifying which limnological variables are most relevant concerning the efficacy of water treatment, which in turn can make water quality monitoring more efficient and less costly

Estudo da assistência integral à criança e ao adolescente através da pesquisa qualitativa

This paper presents the theoretical reference and methodology applied by the Group of Study on Children's and Adolescent's Health of the University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, in their qualitative research aiming at the integral assistance to children's and adolescent's health. The authors describe the health sector in current Brazilian society, where the health actions take place, following with the presentation of the Study Group. After that, they develop the theoretical reference and methodology, defining the analytical - politics and social policies, technological organization of work, health services, child and family. To conclude, the authors present an outline of the results of investigations carried out in the last three years (1995 to 1997).Este artículo tiene como objetivo presentar el referencial teórico y la metodología en la que se fundamenta la investigación cualitativa, desarrollada por el grupo de estudios e investigación del niño y del adolescente de la Escuela de Enfermería de Ribeirão Preto de la Universidad de San Pablo - Brasil; inicialmente las autorasa presentan al sector salud en la sociedad Brasileña actual, en el cual desarrollan las acciones de salud y luego presentan el grupo de estudio en cuestión. A continuación desarrollan el referencial teórico y metodológico, definiendo las categorías analíticas, política y políticas sociales, organización tecnológica del trabajo, servivicios de salud, niño y familia. Al finalizar presentan una síntesis de resultados de algunas investigaciones concluidas en los últimos años (1995 a 1997).Este artigo tem o objetivo de apresentar o referencial teórico e a metodologia que embasa a pesquisa qualitativa desenvolvida pelo Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisa em Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente da Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, tendo por objeto de investigação a assistência integral à saúde da criança e do adolescente. Inicialmente, as autoras apresentam o setor saúde na sociedade brasileira atual no qual desenvolvem-se as ações de saúde, passando à apresentação do Grupo de Estudos em questão. Desenvolvem, a seguir, o referencial teórico metodológico, definindo as categorias analíticas - política e políticas sociais, organização tecnológica do trabalho, serviços de saúde, criança e família. Finalizando, apresentam uma síntese dos resultados de algumas investigações concluídas nos três últimos anos (1995 a 1997)

Higiene alimentar no período neonatal: revisão da literatura

The present study makes a bibliographic review about the alimentary hygiene of children in the neonatal period. It describes the advantages of maternal milk by attending the basic principles that should govern the children´s feeding, the importance of free scheme brast-feeding to emotional development, as well as ventral and right side-lying position and belching to the prevention of accidents.Revisão bibliográfica sobre a higiene alimentar da criança no período neonatal. Descreve sobre as vantagens do leite materno por atender os princípios básicos que devem reger a alimentação da criança; importância do esquema livre de amamentação para o desenvolvimento emocional, bem como da eructação e decúbito lateral direito e ventral para a prevenção de acidentes

Dossiê “A imagem do mundo: leitura, escrita e ensino” e Entrevista com o professor Jader Janer Moreira Lopes (UFJF)

Apresentação do Dossiê “A imagem do mundo: leitura, escrita e ensino” e Entrevista com o professor Jader Janer Moreira Lopes (UFJF

Sítios Paleontológicos das Bacias do Rio do Peixe: Georreferenciamento, Diagnóstico de Vulnerabilidade e Medidas de Proteção

The abandoned state and depredation of the paleontological geosites at the Rio do Peixe basins have been for some time a reason for concern to authorities and the society. Removal of sand from the Monumento Natural Vale dos Dinossauros Park and removal of fossils from sites catalogued by SIGEP (Comissão Brasileira de Sítios Geológicos e Paleobiológicos) have been made public and recognized through this study. The aims of this paper are to: georeference the paleontological sites from the Rio do Peixe basins, provide a diagnostic of vunerability for these sites, and establish proposals for protection measures. Ten field work were carried out, in 2008 and 2009, by the technicians from DNPM. Besides a georeferenced map of the paleontological sites from the Rio do Peixe basins, nine factors that strongly contribute for the vulnerability of the sites were defined, the main ones being the natural action of weathering and the antropic action. Most of the studied sites have medium to high vulnerability degree. The most vulnerable site are: Pedregulho, Piau/Caiçara, Várzea dos Ramos, Lagoa dos Patos, Cabra Assada, and Matadouro. Currently, Matadouro Site can be considered a completely destroyed, being, its recovery no longer possible. Ten protection measures were proposed for these paleontological sites.O estado de abandono e depredação dos sítios paleontológicos das bacias do Rio do Peixe é motivo de preocupação para as autoridades e para a sociedade há algum tempo. Denúncias foram feitas e constatadas, tanto de extração de areia no Parque Monumento Natural Vale dos Dinossauros quanto de retiradas de fósseis de sítios cadastrados pela SIGEP (Comissão Brasileira de Sítios Geológicos e Paleobiológicos). O presente trabalho teve como objetivo georreferenciar os sítios paleontológicos das bacias do Rio do Peixe, definir um diagnóstico de vulnerabilidade desses sítios e estabelecer propostas para medidas de proteção. Foram realizadas dez etapas de trabalhos de campo, nos anos de 2008 e 2009, com o revezamento de técnicos do DNPM. Além de um mapa georreferenciado, com os sítios paleontológicos das bacias do Rio do Peixe, foram definidos nove fatores que contribuem mais acentuadamente para a vulnerabilidade dos sítios, sendo que a ação natural do intemperismo e a ação antrópica são os dois principais. A maioria dos sítios estudados possui vulnerabilidade de média a alta, sendo que os sítios com maior vulnerabilidade são: Pedregulho, Piau/Caiçara, Várzea dos Ramos, Lagoa dos Patos, Cabra Assada e Matadouro. Entre eles, atualmente, o Sítio Matadouro pode ser considerado como um sítio destruído, não sendo possível a sua recuperação. Dez propostas foram estabelecidas como medidas de proteção desses sítios paleontológicos

2 nd Brazilian Consensus on Chagas Disease, 2015

Abstract Chagas disease is a neglected chronic condition with a high burden of morbidity and mortality. It has considerable psychological, social, and economic impacts. The disease represents a significant public health issue in Brazil, with different regional patterns. This document presents the evidence that resulted in the Brazilian Consensus on Chagas Disease. The objective was to review and standardize strategies for diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and control of Chagas disease in the country, based on the available scientific evidence. The consensus is based on the articulation and strategic contribution of renowned Brazilian experts with knowledge and experience on various aspects of the disease. It is the result of a close collaboration between the Brazilian Society of Tropical Medicine and the Ministry of Health. It is hoped that this document will strengthen the development of integrated actions against Chagas disease in the country, focusing on epidemiology, management, comprehensive care (including families and communities), communication, information, education, and research

High levels of immunosuppression are related to unfavourable outcomes in hospitalised patients with rheumatic diseases and COVID-19 : first results of ReumaCoV Brasil registry

Objectives To evaluate risk factors associated with unfavourable outcomes: emergency care, hospitalisation, admission to intensive care unit (ICU), mechanical ventilation and death in patients with immune-mediated rheumatic disease (IMRD) and COVID-19. Methods Analysis of the first 8 weeks of observational multicentre prospective cohort study (ReumaCoV Brasil register). Patients with IMRD and COVID-19 according to the Ministry of Health criteria were classified as eligible for the study. Results 334 participants were enrolled, a majority of them women, with a median age of 45 years; systemic lupus erythematosus (32.9%) was the most frequent IMRD. Emergency care was required in 160 patients, 33.0% were hospitalised, 15.0% were admitted to the ICU and 10.5% underwent mechanical ventilation; 28 patients (8.4%) died. In the multivariate adjustment model for emergency care, diabetes (prevalence ratio, PR 1.38; 95% CI 1.11 to 1.73; p=0.004), kidney disease (PR 1.36; 95% CI 1.05 to 1.77; p=0.020), oral glucocorticoids (GC) (PR 1.49; 95% CI 1.21 to 1.85; p50 years (PR 1.89; 95% CI 1.26 to 2.85; p=0.002), no use of tumour necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi) (PR 2.51;95% CI 1.16 to 5.45; p=0.004) and methylprednisolone pulse therapy (PR 2.50; 95% CI 1.59 to 3.92; p<0.001); for ICU admission, oral GC (PR 2.24; 95% CI 1.36 to 3.71; p<0.001) and pulse therapy with methylprednisolone (PR 1.65; 95% CI 1.00 to 2.68; p<0.043); the two variables associated with death were pulse therapy with methylprednisolone or cyclophosphamide (PR 2.86; 95% CI 1.59 to 5.14; p<0.018). Conclusions Age >50 years and immunosuppression with GC and cyclophosphamide were associated with unfavourable outcomes of COVID-19. Treatment with TNFi may have been protective, perhaps leading to the COVID-19 inflammatory process