Improving the serodiagnosis of canine Leishmania infantum infection in geographical areas of Brazil with different disease prevalence

Serodiagnosis of Leishmania infantum infection in dogs relies on the detection of antibodies against leishmanial crude extracts or parasitic defined antigens. The expansion of canine leishmaniasis from geographical areas of Brazil in which the infection is endemic to regions in which the disease is emerging is occurring. This fact makes necessary the analysis of the serodiagnostic capabilities of different leishmanial preparations in distinct geographical locations. In this article sera from dogs infected with Leishmania and showing the clinical form of the disease, were collected in three distinct Brazilian States and were tested against soluble leishmanial antigens or seven parasite individual antigens produced as recombinant proteins. We show that the recognition of soluble leishmanial antigens by sera from these animals was influenced by the geographical location of the infected dogs. Efficacy of the diagnosis based on this crude parasite preparation was higher in newly endemic regions when compared with areas of high disease endemicity. We also show that the use of three of the recombinant proteins, namely parasite surface kinetoplastid membrane protein of 11 kDa (KMP-11), and two members of the P protein family (P2a and P0), can improve the degree of sensitivity without adversely affecting the specificity of the diagnostic assays for canine leishmaniasis, independently of the geographical area of residence. In addition, sera from dogs clinically healthy but infected were also assayed with some of the antigen preparations. We demonstrate that the use of these proteins can help to the serodiagnosis of Leishmania infected animals with subclinical infections. Finally, we propose a diagnostic protocol using a combination of KMP-11, P2a y P0, together with total leishmanial extractsThis work was supported by the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (Brazil) within the call“CNPq/MS/SCTIE/DECIT N° 32/2014 - Pesquisas sobre Leishmanioses”grant number reference 467389/2014-4. Institutional grants from the Fundación Ramón Areces and Banco de Santander to the CBMSO are also acknowledged. TC received scholarship from Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Santa Catarina–FAPES

CUIDADOS A LACTENTES COM ALERGIA À PROTEÍNA DO LEITE DE VACA

Cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) is an immune response to proteins found in dairy products, triggering the production of IgE antibodies. This study aims to analyze care practices for infants with CMPA, assessing the effectiveness of interventions, challenges faced by healthcare professionals, and contributing to assistance strategies. The research utilized databases such as MEDLINE, IBECS, and LILACS, exploring terms like Milk Hypersensitivity, Milk, Food Hypersensitivity, and Infants. Risk factors include genetic and environmental elements, such as childbirth and prematurity. Exclusion of milk protein proves effective, resolving symptoms in 80%, while other approaches involve immunotherapy, probiotics, and antihistamines. Professionals face challenges such as lack of knowledge, limited access, and high costs, impacting treatment. Diagnostic errors and difficulty accessing formulas are also concerns. The importance of preparing parents to recognize and manage allergic reactions is emphasized, with specific guidelines, label reading, and identification of hidden ingredients ensuring food safety. Parental information and preparation are crucial, empowering them to handle potential allergic reactions. Specific guidelines, like label reading, provide a solid foundation for food safety. Adopting proactive measures, such as training infants to identify triggering foods, and creating a risk-free environment are expected strategies for the healthy growth of infants with CMPA. The article underscores the complexity of CMPA but also highlights the hope and effectiveness of care strategies. With the joint commitment of healthcare professionals, families, and caregivers, it is possible to provide a smooth path for the healthy and happy growth of these infants, overcoming challenges associated with cow's milk allergy.La alergia a la proteína de la leche de vaca (APLV) es una respuesta inmunológica a las proteínas presentes en los productos lácteos, desencadenando la producción de anticuerpos IgE. Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar las prácticas de cuidado para lactantes con APLV, evaluando la efectividad de las intervenciones, los desafíos enfrentados por los profesionales de la salud y contribuyendo a estrategias de asistencia. La investigación utilizó bases de datos como MEDLINE, IBECS y LILACS, explorando términos como Hipersensibilidad a la Leche, Leche, Hipersensibilidad Alimentaria y Lactantes. Los factores de riesgo incluyen elementos genéticos y ambientales, como el parto prematuro. La exclusión de la proteína de la leche resulta efectiva, resolviendo síntomas en un 80%, mientras que otros enfoques involucran inmunoterapia, probióticos y antihistamínicos. Los profesionales enfrentan desafíos como la falta de conocimiento, acceso limitado y altos costos, impactando el tratamiento. Errores diagnósticos y dificultades para acceder a fórmulas también son preocupaciones. Se destaca la importancia de preparar a los padres para reconocer y manejar reacciones alérgicas, con pautas específicas, lectura de etiquetas e identificación de ingredientes ocultos para garantizar la seguridad alimentaria. La información y preparación de los padres son cruciales, capacitándolos para manejar posibles reacciones alérgicas. Pautas específicas, como la lectura de etiquetas, brindan una base sólida para la seguridad alimentaria. La adopción de medidas proactivas, como entrenar a los lactantes para identificar alimentos desencadenantes y crear un entorno sin riesgos, son estrategias esperadas para el crecimiento saludable de los lactantes con APLV. El artículo subraya la complejidad de la APLV, pero también destaca la esperanza y efectividad de las estrategias de cuidado. Con el compromiso conjunto de profesionales de la salud, familias y cuidadores, es posible proporcionar un camino sin problemas para el crecimiento saludable y feliz de estos lactantes, superando los desafíos asociados con la alergia a la proteína de la leche de vaca.A alergia à proteína do leite de vaca (APLV) é uma resposta imune a proteínas presentes em produtos lácteos, desencadeando a produção de anticorpos IgE. Este estudo busca analisar práticas de cuidados para lactentes com APLV, avaliando a eficácia de intervenções, desafios enfrentados por profissionais de saúde e contribuindo para estratégias de assistência. A pesquisa utilizou bases de dados como MEDLINE, IBECS e LILACS, explorando termos como Hipersensibilidade a Leite, Leite, Hipersensibilidade alimentar e Lactente. Elementos de risco incluem fatores genéticos e ambientais, como parto e prematuridade. A exclusão da proteína do leite mostra eficácia, resolvendo sintomas em 80%, enquanto outras abordagens envolvem imunoterapia, probióticos e anti-histamínicos. Profissionais enfrentam desafios como falta de conhecimento, acesso limitado e custos elevados, impactando o tratamento. Erros de diagnóstico e dificuldade de acesso a fórmulas também são preocupações. Destaca-se a importância do preparo dos pais para reconhecer e gerenciar reações alérgicas, com diretrizes específicas, leitura de rótulos e identificação de ingredientes ocultos garantindo segurança alimentar. Informações e preparo dos pais são cruciais, capacitando-os a lidar com potenciais reações alérgicas. Diretrizes específicas, como leitura de rótulos, fornecem base sólida para a segurança alimentar. Adotar medidas proativas, como treinamento do lactente na identificação de alimentos desencadeadores, e criar um ambiente livre de riscos são estratégias esperadas para o crescimento saudável de lactentes com APLV. O artigo reforça a complexidade da APLV, mas também destaca a esperança e eficácia das estratégias de cuidado. Com o comprometimento conjunto de profissionais de saúde, familiares e cuidadores, é possível proporcionar um caminho suave para o crescimento saudável e feliz desses lactentes, superando os desafios associados à alergia ao leite de vaca

Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil: setting the baseline knowledge on the animal diversity in Brazil

The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classifications. In this context, the Brazilian megadiverse fauna is no exception, and the Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil (CTFB) (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/), made public in 2015, represents a database on biodiversity anchored on a list of valid and expertly recognized scientific names of animals in Brazil. The CTFB is updated in near real time by a team of more than 800 specialists. By January 1, 2024, the CTFB compiled 133,691 nominal species, with 125,138 that were considered valid. Most of the valid species were arthropods (82.3%, with more than 102,000 species) and chordates (7.69%, with over 11,000 species). These taxa were followed by a cluster composed of Mollusca (3,567 species), Platyhelminthes (2,292 species), Annelida (1,833 species), and Nematoda (1,447 species). All remaining groups had less than 1,000 species reported in Brazil, with Cnidaria (831 species), Porifera (628 species), Rotifera (606 species), and Bryozoa (520 species) representing those with more than 500 species. Analysis of the CTFB database can facilitate and direct efforts towards the discovery of new species in Brazil, but it is also fundamental in providing the best available list of valid nominal species to users, including those in science, health, conservation efforts, and any initiative involving animals. The importance of the CTFB is evidenced by the elevated number of citations in the scientific literature in diverse areas of biology, law, anthropology, education, forensic science, and veterinary science, among others

Rotavirus antigen detection in serum samples from children with acute gastroenteritis in Belém, Pará State, Brazil

Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações e Comunicações – MCTIC, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico – CNPq, o qual contribuiu com recursos de financiamento da pesquisa por meio da Chamada Universal – MCTI/CNPq Nº 14/2013 (Processo: 483140/2013-9).Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Pará. Instituto de Ciências da Saúde. Belém, PA, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Pará. Instituto de Ciências da Saúde. Belém, PA, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Pará. Instituto de Ciências da Saúde. Belém, PA, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Pará. Instituto de Ciências da Saúde. Belém, PA, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Pará. Instituto de Ciências da Saúde. Belém, PA, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Pará. Instituto de Ciências da Saúde. Belém, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Rotaviruses (RV) are the main causative agents of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) during childhood and are responsible for thousands of deaths due to diarrhea worldwide, especially in developing countries. Recent studies have indicated the presence of RV antigens in the serum (antigenemia) and feces of animals and humans, which may be related to extraintestinal clinical manifestations and increased disease severity. This study was conducted in a children's clinic located in Belém, Pará State, Brazil, and aimed to detect antigenemia caused by RV in children hospitalized for AGE. The study population was composed of 566 children, from whom 452 paired fecal and serum samples were collected for RV antigen detection using immunoassays (ELISA). Positive results were found in 24% (109/452) of fecal samples; antigenemia was detected in 37.5% (41/109) of children. Disease severity was analyzed using Ruuska and Vesikari's scoring system and no statistically significant difference was observed between patients with or without antigenemia (p = 0.120); however, a greater number of vomiting episodes and longer duration of vomiting were observed in patients with antigenemia than those without antigenemia (p = 0.015 and p = 0.002, respectively). Antigenemia is frequently identified in children hospitalized for AGE caused by RV, and is associated with a greater number of vomiting episodes and longer duration of vomiting in Belém, Brazil. The results enabled a better understanding of the pathogenesis of RV infections, especially in vaccinated children. However, a comprehensive analysis is necessary, including molecular tests for the genotypes involved for completing the achieved results.Os rotavírus (RV) são os principais agentes virais causadores de gastroenterite (GE) aguda na infância, sendo responsáveis por milhares de óbitos em crianças com diarreia, em âmbito global, especialmente nos países em desenvolvimento. Estudos recentes demonstraram a presença de antígenos de RV no soro (antigenemia) e nas fezes de animais e seres humanos, podendo esse achado estar relacionado a manifestações clínicas extraintestinais e maior gravidade da doença. Este estudo foi realizado em uma clínica infantil em Belém, Estado do Pará, Brasil, com o objetivo de detectar antigenemia causada por RV entre crianças hospitalizadas com GE aguda. De 566 crianças, foram coletadas 452 amostras pareadas de fezes e soro para análise por meio do método imunoenzimático (ELISA). A pesquisa de RV nas fezes revelou-se positiva em 24% (109/452) das amostras, sendo detectada antigenemia em 37,5% (41/109) desses pacientes. A gravidade da doença foi analisada utilizando-se o escore universal de Ruuska e Vesikari, não sendo observada diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os pacientes com e sem antigenemia (p = 0,120); entretanto, observou-se maior número de episódios e duração dos vômitos nos pacientes com antigenemia (p = 0,015 e p = 0,002, respectivamente). A antigenemia é frequente em crianças hospitalizadas com GE aguda causada por RV, em Belém, e está associada a um maior número de episódios e duração dos vômitos. Os resultados permitiram um melhor entendimento acerca da patogenia das rotaviroses, especialmente em crianças vacinadas. Entretanto, faz-se necessária uma análise mais abrangente envolvendo testes moleculares para complementação dos resultados alcançados no que tange aos genótipos envolvidos

Rotavirus antigenemia as a common event among children hospitalised for severe, acute gastroenteritis in Belém, northern Brazil

This study received financial support from the Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC), Health Surveillance Secretariat, which supported the study team to perform sample collection, analysis, interpretation of the data obtained and writing the manuscript. The National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) provided financial support to purchase laboratory kits for use in the analysis.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Federal University of Pará State. Belém, PA, Brazil.Federal University of Pará State. Belém, PA, Brazil.Federal University of Pará State. Belém, PA, Brazil.Federal University of Pará State. Belém, PA, Brazil.Federal University of Pará State. Belém, PA, Brazil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Background: Rotavirus antigenemia and RNAemia (the presence of rotavirus RNA in serum) have been commonly identified among paediatric patients with acute gastroenteritis. In this study we examined the association between rotavirus antigenemia and clinical features, and sought to determine the genotypes of rotaviruses detected in paired stool and serum samples. Methods: Paired stool and serum samples were obtained from children hospitalised for acute gastroenteritis in Belém, Brazil, between June 2012 and June 2015. The 20-point Vesikari scoring system was used to assess the disease severity upon a retrospective medical record review. Stool and serum samples were primarily screened for the presence of rotavirus antigen using a commercial ELISA assay. The rotavirus isolates from stool and serum samples were genotyped by using the classical reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and/or through nucleotide sequencing of VP4 and VP7 genes. Viral load was estimated using real-time RT-PCR. Results: In total rotavirus antigen was detected in 109 (24.2%) stool samples from 451 children, whereas antigenemia occurred in 38.5% (42/109) of these patients. We demonstrated that patients positive for rotavirus RNA in paired stool and serum samples were more likely to have a higher frequency of vomiting episodes in a 24-h period (p = 0.0035). Our findings also suggested that children not vaccinated against rotavirus are more likely to develop antigenemia, as compared to those given at least one vaccine dose (p = 0.0151). G12P [8] and G2P [4] genotypes were predominant throughout the study period, accounting for 52.3% (57/109) and 27.5% (30/109) of the typed isolates, respectively. Ten stool-serum pairs could be typed for VP4 and VP7 genes. Seven of these pairs showed concordant results with G2P [4] genotype being detected in stool and serum samples, whereas discrepancies between genotypes (G2P [4]/G2P[NT] and G12P [8]/G2P[NT]) were seen in three pairs. Conclusions: Rotavirus antigenemia and RNAemia occur in a significant number of children hospitalised for acute gastroenteritis in Belém, Brazil, and may contribute to a greater disease severity, particularly translated into a greater number of vomiting episodes. This study documented a high concordance of genotypes detected in a subgroup of paired stool and serum sample

Resumos em andamento - Psicologia

Resumos em andamento - Psicologi

Resumos em andamento - Educação Física

Resumos em andamento - Educação Físic

Resumos em andamento - Educação Física

Resumos em andamento - Educação Físic

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Resumos em andamento - Educaçã

Resumos em andamento - Educação

Resumos em andamento - Educaçã