The Serumal Concentration of Hbsag in Patiets with Chb/hiv Co-infection Comparing with Chb Mono-infection in the Different Phases of Natural Course of Chronic Hepatitis В

The prevalence and inclination to chronization of viral hepatitis B is 3 – 5 times higher in patients with HIV-infection than in HIV-negative ones. The natural clinical course of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in patients with HIV has the features, connected with immune suppression and mutual influence of viruses. The quantitative determination of HBsAg allows the more precise monitoring of the natural course and the dynamics of treatment of patients with CHB but these features are little studied in patients with co-infection CHB/HIV. In the work was presented the comparative analysis of the results of quantitative determination of the serumal HBsAg in 59 Patients with co-infection CHB/HIV and 60 ones with chronic hepatitis. At the study it was established, that in patients with CHB/HIV co-infection were observed the reliably higher qHBsAg levels than in HIV-negative ones both in whole and in each CHB phase that depends on the immune suppression degree and DNA level of hepatitis B virus

Incidental Learning from Visual Displays among Fourth Grade Students

The purpose of this study was to find out whether fourth grade students can recall information from untaught visual displays. One hundred and forty three students in six different classrooms were given a pretest on the names of the three branches of government and the main task of each. The three week treatment was comprised of a poster with pictures and print displayed prominently on the walls. At the end of the treatment, the pretest was re-administered as a posttest. A t-test indicated that the students exhibited a significant growth in the amount of information they know. They recalled information that they had been exposed to only in an incidental manner

Two-step percolation in aggregating systems

The two-step percolation behavior in aggregating systems was studied both experimentally and by means of Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. In experimental studies, the electrical conductivity, $\sigma$, of colloidal suspension of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in decane was measured. The suspension was submitted to mechanical de-liquoring in a planar filtration-compression conductometric cell. During de-liquoring, the distance between the measuring electrodes continuously decreased and the CNT volume fraction $\varphi$ continuously increased (from $10^{-3}$ up to $\approx 0.3$% v/v). The two percolation thresholds at $\varphi_{1}\lesssim 10^{-3}$ and $\varphi_{2}\approx 10^{-2}$ can reflect the interpenetration of loose CNT aggregates and percolation across the compact conducting aggregates, respectively. The MC computational model accounted for the core-shell structure of conducting particles or their aggregates, the tendency of a particle for aggregation, the formation of solvation shells, and the elongated geometry of the conductometric cell. The MC studies revealed two smoothed percolation transitions in $\sigma(\varphi)$ dependencies that correspond to the percolation through the shells and cores, respectively. The data demonstrated a noticeable impact of particle aggregation on anisotropy in electrical conductivity $\sigma(\varphi)$ measured along different directions in the conductometric cell.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figure

До питання відтворення інтертекстуальних звязків під час перекладу художніх текстів

У статті подано стислий огляд підходів до визначення поняття «інтертекстуальність. Інтертекстуальність визначається як вкраплення в текст інших текстів у вигляді цитат, алюзій та ремінісценцій. (This article represents a brief theoretical overview on the definition of «intertextuality». The article deals with the terms intertext and intertextuality as it is treated in modern communicative linguistics. Special attention has been paid to the formation of intertextual ties of «text in text» and «text within texts» types. The approaches to the definition of the category of intertextuality are suggested. Intertextuality is defined as interspersing a text with other texts in the form of quotations, allusions and reminiscences. The original essence of the term «intertextuality», introduced into linguistic usage by poststructuralist Julia Kristeva as the synthesis of structural semiotics and plurality of meanings in every belles-lettres text, is considered. An emphasis is laid on the elucidation of the conventionally used in linguistics terms, for the nomination of which the term «intertextuality» is applied for the modish purpose. The relevance of the given research is caused by the general tendency of combined researches in linguistics which foresee analysis of the whole body of external and internal connections of a text of fiction and means of their realization in the explicitly intertextual process of functioning of the text. The aim of the paper is an attempt to define basic regulation for the linguistic theory of intertextuality, which preconditions scientific novelty the paper.