Diferencia entre hombres y mujeres en el balance energético en estudiantes

Tesis (Profesor de Educación Física para la Enseñanza Básica, Licenciado en Educación)Dentro de las recomendaciones de alimentación proporcionadas por la OMS (2017) se encuentran datos y cifras que determinan que la ingesta calórica y su gasto en una persona deben mantenerse en equilibrio con el propósito de evitar la aparición de cualquier tipo de problemas que afecten la salud, tales como el aumento de peso y la aparición de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles (ECNT). Siguiendo el hilo conductor de estas recomendaciones es posible determinar que eventualmente se pretende guiar a la población y así, educar e inculcar sobre la mejora de sus hábitos de alimentación y estilos de vida. Es importante mencionar que estas recomendaciones deben ser diferenciadas ya que dependen de la necesidad de cada persona (por ejemplo, hábitos de vida, edad, sexo, ejercicio físico, etc.). El estudio del balance energético en la actualidad resulta un tema de gran impacto ya que con esto se logra determinar cómo es la calidad de alimentación de un sujeto determinado, estableciendo las diferencias que existen entre su ingesta y utilización de calorías con lo cual se puede proceder a establecer planes personalizados para el mejoramiento de la calidad alimenticia acompañado de la realización de actividad física. Estos factores afectan y varían significativamente en la población universitaria, sobre todo en estudiantes pertenecientes a la carrera de educación física, debido a que por condicionantes tan importantes como la falta de tiempo y el desgaste físico se podrían ver claramente alterados

Methodological deficiencies in the expert testimony of forensic accountants : a qualitative content analysis of judicial statements pertaining to Daubert exclusions

Purpose: The purpose of this research was to examine the methodological factors that judges perceive as reasons for excluding the expert testimony of forensic accountants in order to map this rationale onto the Daubert standard.Methodology: A case study research design using a qualitative content analysis of 34 federal cases involving methodological violations of the Daubert standard was selected. Open and axial coding was applied to the judicial statements to ascertain the general themes as well as the specific categories that constituted those themes.Findings: Judges primarily excluded testimony based on deficiencies in evidence, methods, and reasoning. Deficiencies in evidence and method were isomorphic with the Daubert standard, whereas deficiencies in reasoning were unique to this analysis. Further, these thematic categories were interconnected in ways not explicitly expressed in the Federal Rules of Evidence.Originality/Value: This study provided a detailed understanding of how judges understood methodological deficiencies when applying the Daubert standard in order to exclude the testimony of forensic accountants. Practical insights on what forensic accountants should focus on when analyzing their own methodological concerns is obtained.peer-reviewe

Factors associated with older people's emergency department attendance towards the end of life: a systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Emergency department (ED) attendance for older people towards the end of life is common and increasing, despite most preferring home-based care. We aimed to review the factors associated with older people's ED attendance towards the end of life. METHODS: Systematic review using Medline, Embase, PsychINFO, CINAHL and Web of Science from inception to March 2017. Included studies quantitatively examined factors associated with ED attendance for people aged ≥65 years within the last year of life. We assessed study quality using the QualSyst tool and determined evidence strength based on quality, quantity and consistency. We narratively synthesized the quantitative findings. RESULTS: Of 3824 publications identified, 21 were included, combining data from 1 565 187 participants. 17/21 studies were from the USA and 19/21 used routinely collected data. We identified 47 factors and 21 were included in the final model. We found high strength evidence for associations between ED attendance and palliative/hospice care (adjusted effect estimate range: 0.1-0.94); non-white ethnicity (1.03-2.16); male gender (1.04-1.83, except 0.70 in one sub-sample) and rural areas (0.98-1.79). The final model included socio-demographic, illness and service factors, with largest effect sizes for service factors. CONCLUSIONS: In this synthesis, receiving palliative care was associated with lower ED attendance in the last year of life for older adults. This has implications for service models for older people nearing the end of life. However, there is limited evidence from European countries and none from low or middle-income countries, which warrants further research.This work is independent research funded by Cicely Saunders International and The Atlantic Philanthropies (grant number 24610). The sponsor had no role in the design, methods, subject recruitment, data collection, analysis or preparation of this paper. This research was supported by the Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care (CLAHRC) South London, which is part of the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), and is a partnership between King’s Health Partners, St. George’s, University London, and St George’s Healthcare NHS Trust. C.J.E. holds a HEE/NIHR Senior Clinical Lectureship and I.J.H. is an Emeritus NIHR Senior Investigator. B.G.’s contribution was supported by the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation

Medicare Expenditures and Healthcare Utilization in a Multi-ethnic Community-based Population with Dementia from Incidence to Death

Introduction: While individuals live with dementia for many years, utilization and expenditures from disease onset through the end-of-life period have not been examined in ethnically diverse samples. Methods: We used a multiethnic, population-based, prospective study of cognitive aging (Washington Heights-Inwood Columbia Aging Project) linked to Medicare claims to examine total Medicare expenditures and health care utilization among individuals with clinically diagnosed incident dementia from disease onset to death. Results: High-intensity treatment (hospitalizations, life-sustaining procedures) was common and mean Medicare expenditures per year after diagnosis was $69,000. Non-Hispanic blacks exhibited higher spending relative to Hispanics and non-Hispanic whites 1 year after diagnosis. Non-Hispanic blacks had higher total (mean=$205,000) Medicare expenditures from diagnosis to death compared with non-Hispanic whites (mean=$118,000). Hispanics’ total expenditures and utilization after diagnosis was similar to non-Hispanic whites despite living longer with dementia. Discussion: Health care spending for patients with dementia after diagnosis through the end-of-life is high and varies by ethnicity

Enabling FAIR research in Earth Science through research objects

Data-intensive science communities are progressively adopting FAIR practices that enhance the visibility of scientific breakthroughs and enable reuse. At the core of this movement, research objects contain and describe scientific information and resources in a way compliant with the FAIR principles and sustain the development of key infrastructure and tools. This paper provides an account of the challenges, experiences and solutions involved in the adoption of FAIR around research objects over several Earth Science disciplines. During this journey, our work has been comprehensive, with outcomes including: an extended research object model adapted to the needs of earth scientists; the provisioning of digital object identifiers (DOI) to enable persistent identification and to give due credit to authors; the generation of content-based, semantically rich, research object metadata through natural language processing, enhancing visibility and reuse through recommendation systems and third-party search engines; and various types of checklists that provide a compact representation of research object quality as a key enabler of scientific reuse. All these results have been integrated in ROHub, a platform that provides research object management functionality to a wealth of applications and interfaces across different scientific communities. To monitor and quantify the community uptake of research objects, we have defined indicators and obtained measures via ROHub that are also discussed herein.Published550-5645IT. Osservazioni satellitariJCR Journa

Comparing Aerodynamic Efficiency in Birds and Bats Suggests Better Flight Performance in Birds

Flight is one of the energetically most costly activities in the animal kingdom, suggesting that natural selection should work to optimize flight performance. The similar size and flight speed of birds and bats may therefore suggest convergent aerodynamic performance; alternatively, flight performance could be restricted by phylogenetic constraints. We test which of these scenarios fit to two measures of aerodynamic flight efficiency in two passerine bird species and two New World leaf-nosed bat species. Using time-resolved particle image velocimetry measurements of the wake of the animals flying in a wind tunnel, we derived the span efficiency, a metric for the efficiency of generating lift, and the lift-to-drag ratio, a metric for mechanical energetic flight efficiency. We show that the birds significantly outperform the bats in both metrics, which we ascribe to variation in aerodynamic function of body and wing upstroke: Bird bodies generated relatively more lift than bat bodies, resulting in a more uniform spanwise lift distribution and higher span efficiency. A likely explanation would be that the bat ears and nose leaf, associated with echolocation, disturb the flow over the body. During the upstroke, the birds retract their wings to make them aerodynamically inactive, while the membranous bat wings generate thrust and negative lift. Despite the differences in performance, the wake morphology of both birds and bats resemble the optimal wake for their respective lift-to-drag ratio regimes. This suggests that evolution has optimized performance relative to the respective conditions of birds and bats, but that maximum performance is possibly limited by phylogenetic constraints. Although ecological differences between birds and bats are subjected to many conspiring variables, the different aerodynamic flight efficiency for the bird and bat species studied here may help explain why birds typically fly faster, migrate more frequently and migrate longer distances than bats

The Science Performance of JWST as Characterized in Commissioning

This paper characterizes the actual science performance of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), as determined from the six month commissioning period. We summarize the performance of the spacecraft, telescope, science instruments, and ground system, with an emphasis on differences from pre-launch expectations. Commissioning has made clear that JWST is fully capable of achieving the discoveries for which it was built. Moreover, almost across the board, the science performance of JWST is better than expected; in most cases, JWST will go deeper faster than expected. The telescope and instrument suite have demonstrated the sensitivity, stability, image quality, and spectral range that are necessary to transform our understanding of the cosmos through observations spanning from near-earth asteroids to the most distant galaxies.Comment: 5th version as accepted to PASP; 31 pages, 18 figures; https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1538-3873/acb29