Reflections on Abu Rumi’s Amharic Translation of the Book of Ruth

This article will look at Abu Rumi’s Amharic rendering of the Book of Ruth with close comparison to the ancient and modern versions of the Bible, especially the Gǝ’ǝz, the Masoretic and the Septuaginta texts. The article will also look at the extent of Abu Rumi’s close reading of the Hebrew text and the degree to which he successfully transmits to us the full impact of the Hebrew story with all its niceties

Acculturation And Likelihood Of Exclusive Breastfeeding Among Liberian Refugees And Ghanaians Living In Buduburam Camp In Ghana: A Cross-Sectional Study

Poor breastfeeding practices can put children at increased risk of morbidity and mortality particularly due to diarrheal and respiratory diseases and impaired physical and mental development. It is therefore important to understand the determinants of exclusive breastfeeding, particularly among residents in refugee settlements who may not have access to key resources and health education. The purpose of this study was to explore if acculturation influenced exclusive breastfeeding practices among Liberian refugees living in the Buduburam refugee settlement. A cross-sectional survey was administered between July - August 2008 to Ghanaian and Liberian women, with at least one biological child between 6 months and five years of age, who lived at Buduburam Refugee Settlement in Ghana. The sample (n=480) consisted of 120 Liberians living in zones 1-10, 119 Liberians living in zones 11-12, 121 Ghanaians living in zone 11-12, and 120 Ghanaians living in urban, Awutu villages 5 kilometers from Buduburam. Liberian mothers who lived in Ghana at least eight years were significantly more likely to exclusively breastfeed (OR: 2.13, 95% CI: 1.25, 3.61) compared to Ghanaian mothers living in Awutu (outside the camp). After adjustment for confounders, Liberian mothers who lived in Ghana for at least 8 years were still more likely to exclusively breastfeed (OR: 1.78, 95% CI: 1.02, 3.09), compared to Ghanaian mothers who lived in Awutu. These findings suggest that increased time in the Ghanaian context of Buduburam improved the chances of relative success with EBF. Further research to understand the “mechanisms” explaining exclusive breastfeeding differences will be crucial for improving breastfeeding in refugee settlements and host communities in low income countries

Calidad del cuidado de enfermería en la seguridad integral del paciente quirúrgico del hospital Elpidio Berovides Pérez, Otuzco - 2018

El propósito de este estudio es determinar el nivel de calidad del cuidado de enfermería en la seguridad integral del paciente quirúrgico. La investigación fue descriptiva, cuantitativa, no experimental. La muestra lo constituyeron 20 enfermeras que laboran en el Hospital de investigación, a quienes se les observó bajo los criterios de una ficha de observación para identificar la calidad del cuidado de enfermería en la seguridad integral del paciente quirúrgico. Los resultados fueron: en la fase preoperatoria el nivel de calidad del cuidado de enfermería en la seguridad integral del paciente fue bueno en el 55% de las enfermeras, en la fase transoperatoria el nivel de calidad del cuidado fue bueno en el 65% y en la fase postoperatoria el nivel de calidad del cuidado fue bueno en el 85%. Se concluye que el promedio del nivel de calidad del cuidado de enfermería en la seguridad integral del paciente quirúrgico fue bueno en el 70% de las enfermeras.The purpose of this study is to determine the level of quality of nursing care in the integral safety of the surgical patient; The research was descriptive, quantitative, and not experimental. The sample consisted of 20 nurses working in the study Hospital and who meet the established inclusion criteria, who were observed under the criteria of and observation sheet to identify the quality of nursing care in the integral safety of surgical patient. The results were as follows; in the preoperative phase the level of quality of nursing care in the patient’s integral safety was good in 55% of nurses, in the transoperative phase the level of quality of nursing care was good in 65% and in the postoperative phase the level of quality of nursing care was good in 85%. It is concluded that the average of the level of quality of nursing care in the integral safety of the surgical patient was good in 70% of nurses.Tesis de segunda especialida

A Mechanical Clock from Venice for Emperor Dawit of Ethiopia

  Miscellaneous Article 

Mir-34a Mimics Are Potential Therapeutic Agents for p53-Mutated and Chemo-Resistant Brain Tumour Cells

Chemotherapeutic drug resistance and relapse remains a major challenge for paediatric (medulloblastoma) and adult (glioblastoma) brain tumour treatment. Medulloblastoma tumours and cell lines with mutations in the p53 signalling pathway have been shown to be specifically insensitive to DNA damaging agents. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of triggering cell death in p53 mutated medulloblastoma cells by a direct activation of pro-death signalling downstream of p53 activation. Since non-coding microRNAs (miRNAs) have the ability to fine tune the expression of a variety of target genes, orchestrating multiple downstream effects, we hypothesised that triggering the expression of a p53 target miRNA could induce cell death in chemo-resistant cells. Treatment with etoposide, increased miR-34a levels in a p53-dependent fashion and the level of miR-34a transcription was correlated with the cell sensitivity to etoposide. miR-34a activity was validated by measuring the expression levels of one of its well described target: the NADH dependent sirtuin1 (SIRT1). Whilst drugs directly targeting SIRT1, were potent to trigger cell death at high concentrations only, introduction of synthetic miR-34a mimics was able to induce cell death in p53 mutated medulloblastoma and glioblastoma cell lines. Our results show that the need of a functional p53 signaling pathway can be bypassed by direct activation of miR-34a in brain tumour cells

Y. Jaffré, J.-P. Olivier de Sardan (dir.), Une médecine inhospitalière. Les difficiles relations entre soignants et soignés dans cinq capitales d’Afrique de l’Ouest

S’il est un ouvrage à lire pour qui veut s’imprégner des difficiles réalités du quotidien dans les services publics de santé en Afrique de l’Ouest, en comprendre la genèse et engager in fine une réflexion sur la pertinence des projets de développement et des programmes de formation des professionnels de santé qui y sont implantés, c’est bien celui-ci. En premier lieu, on retiendra la démarche et le ton novateurs des auteurs qui affichent une volonté de rompre avec la langue de bois des instit..

Effects of Forest Composition and Disturbance on Arbuscular Mycorrhizae Spore Density, Arbuscular Mycorrhizae Root Colonization and Soil Carbon Stocks in a Dry Afromontane Forest in Northern Ethiopia

We investigated arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) spore density and root colonization in three distinct dry Afromontane forest plant communities, representing differing levels of disturbance and soil properties. Soil and root samples were collected from sixty-five 50 × 50-m plots from four plant communities. We collected data for AMF spore density, AMF root colonization and soil organic carbon stocks in 0–25 and 25–50 cm soil depth ranges. AMF spore density, and root colonization differed significantly among plant communities. The least disturbed Juniperus procera–Maytenus senegalensis (Jupr-Mase) plant community, which contained high tree and shrub density, had the highest AMF spore density, root colonization and soil carbon stocks. The most disturbed Cadia purpurea–Opuntia ficus-indica (Capu-Opfi) community which contained the lowest tree and shrub density supported the lowest AMF spore density, root colonization and soil carbon stocks. There was no significant difference in spore density between the two soil depths, but AMF root colonization was significantly higher in the upper soil than in the subsoil (p < 0.001). The difference in soil properties was not uniform between plant communities. Conserving remnant dry Afromontane forests and restoring the degraded forests are critical to improve and maintain forest ecosystem functioning and sustain ecosystem services

p53-mediated delayed NF-κB activity enhances etoposide-induced cell death in medulloblastoma

Medulloblastoma (MB) is an embryonic brain tumour that arises in the cerebellum. Using several MB cell lines, we have demonstrated that the chemotherapeutic drug etoposide induces a p53- and caspase-dependent cell death. We have observed an additional caspase-independent cell death mechanism involving delayed nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) activity. The delayed induction was controlled by a p53-dependent transcription step and the production of death receptors (especially CD95/Fas). We further demonstrated that in both MB and glioblastoma (GM) cell lines, in which the p53 pathway was not functional, no p65 activation could be detected upon etoposide treatment. MB cell lines that have mutations in p53 or NF-κB are either less sensitive (NF-κB mutant) or even completely resistant (p53 mutant) to chemotherapeutic intervention. The optimal cell death was only achieved when both p53 and NF-κB were switched on. Taken together, our results shed light on the mechanism of NF-κB activation by etoposide in brain tumours and show that the genetic background of MB and GM cells determines their sensitivity to chemotherapy and has to be taken into account for efficient therapeutic intervention

Electronic control of the spin-wave damping in a magnetic insulator

It is demonstrated that the decay time of spin-wave modes existing in a magnetic insulator can be reduced or enhanced by injecting an in-plane dc current, $I_\text{dc}$, in an adjacent normal metal with strong spin-orbit interaction. The demonstration rests upon the measurement of the ferromagnetic resonance linewidth as a function of $I_\text{dc}$ in a 5~$\mu$m diameter YIG(20nm){\textbar}Pt(7nm) disk using a magnetic resonance force microscope (MRFM). Complete compensation of the damping of the fundamental mode is obtained for a current density of $\sim 3 \cdot 10^{11}\text{A.m}^{-2}$, in agreement with theoretical predictions. At this critical threshold the MRFM detects a small change of static magnetization, a behavior consistent with the onset of an auto-oscillation regime.Comment: 6 pages 4 figure

Is nasal carriage of the main acquisition pathway for surgical-site infection in orthopaedic surgery?

International audienceThe endogenous or exogenous origin of , responsible for orthopaedic surgical-site infections (SSI), remains debated. We conducted a multicentre prospective cohort study to analyse the respective part of exogenous contamination and endogenous self-inoculation by during elective orthopaedic surgery. The nose of each consecutive patient was sampled before surgery. Strains of isolated from the nose and the wound, in the case of SSI, were compared by antibiotypes or pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). A total of 3,908 consecutive patients undergoing orthopaedic surgery were included. Seventy-seven patients developed an SSI (2%), including 22 related to (0.6%). was isolated from the nose of 790 patients (20.2%) at the time of surgery. In the multivariate analysis, nasal carriage was found to be a risk factor for SSI in orthopaedic surgery. However, only nine subjects exhibiting SSI had been found to be carriers before surgery: when compared, three pairs of strains were considered to be different and six similar. In most cases of SSI, either an endogenous origin could not be demonstrated or pre-operative nasal colonisation retrieved a strain that was different from the one recovered from the surgical sit