709 research outputs found
Honey bee genotypes and the environment
Although knowledge about honey bee geographic and genetic diversity has increased tremendously in recent decades (Meixner et al., 2013), the adaptation of honey bees to their local environment has not been well studied. The current demand for high economic performance of bee colonies with desirable behavioural characteristics contributes to changing the natural diversity via mass importations and an increasing practice of queen trade and colony movement. At the same time, there is also a growing movement in opposition to this trend, aimed at
conserving the natural heritage of local populations, with on-going projects in several countries (Strange et al., 2008; DallâOlio et al., 2008, De la RĂşa et al., 2009)
Renormalized SO(5) symmetry in ladders with next-nearest-neighbor hopping
We study the occurrence of SO(5) symmetry in the low-energy sector of
two-chain Hubbard-like systems by analyzing the flow of the running couplings
(-ology) under renormalization group in the weak-interaction limit. It is
shown that SO(5) is asymptotically restored for low energies for rather general
parameters of the bare Hamiltonian. This holds also with inclusion of a
next-nearest-neighbor hopping which explicitly breaks particle-hole symmetry
provided one accounts for a different single-particle weight for the
quasiparticles of the two bands of the system. The physical significance of
this renormalized SO(5) symmetry is discussed.Comment: Final version: to appear in Phys. Rev. Lett., sched. Mar. 9
Infrared properties of Active OB stars in the Magellanic Clouds from the Spitzer SAGE Survey
We present a study of the infrared properties of 4922 spectroscopically
confirmed massive stars in the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds, focusing on
the active OB star population. Besides OB stars, our sample includes yellow and
red supergiants, Wolf-Rayet stars, Luminous Blue Variables (LBVs) and
supergiant B[e] stars. We detect a distinct Be star sequence, displaced to the
red, and find a higher fraction of Oe and Be stars among O and early-B stars in
the SMC, respectively, when compared to the LMC, and that the SMC Be stars
occur at higher luminosities. We also find photometric variability among the
active OB population and evidence for transitions of Be stars to B stars and
vice versa. We furthermore confirm the presence of dust around all the
supergiant B[e] stars in our sample, finding the shape of their spectral energy
distributions (SEDs) to be very similar, in contrast to the variety of SED
shapes among the spectrally variable LBVs.Comment: 5 pages, 1 figure, to appear in the proceedings of the IAUS 272 on
"Active OB stars: structure, evolution, mass loss and critical limits"
(Paris, July 19-23, 2010), Cambridge University Press. Editors C. Neiner, G.
Wade, G. Meynet and G. Peter
An Extremely Bright Echo Associated With SN 2002hh
We present new, very late-time optical photometry and spectroscopy of the
interesting Type II-P supernova, SN 2002hh, in NGC 6946. Gemini/GMOS-N has been
used to acquire visible spectra at six epochs between 2004 August and 2006
July, following the evolution of the SN from age 661 to 1358 days. Few optical
spectra of Type II supernovae with ages greater than one year exist. In
addition, g'r'i' images were acquired at all six epochs. The spectral and
photometric evolution of SN 2002hh has been very unusual. Measures of the
brightness of this SN, both in the R and I bands as well as in the H-alpha
emission flux, show no significant fading over an interval of nearly two years.
The most straightforward explanation for this behavior is that the light being
measured comes not only from the SN itself but also from an echo off of nearby
dust. Echoes have been detected previously around several SNe but these echoes,
at their brightest, were ~8 mag below the maximum brightness of the SN. At V~21
mag, the putative echo dominates the light of SN 2002hh and is only ~4 mag
below the outburst's peak brightness. There is an estimated 6 magnitudes of
total extinction in V towards SN 2002hh. The proposed explanation of a
differential echo/SN absorption is inconsistent with the observed BVRI colors.Comment: 24 pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication in the Ap
Introduction to Random Matrices
These notes provide an introduction to the theory of random matrices. The
central quantity studied is where is the integral
operator with kernel 1/\pi} {\sin\pi(x-y)\over x-y} \chi_I(y). Here
and is the characteristic function
of the set . In the Gaussian Unitary Ensemble (GUE) the probability that no
eigenvalues lie in is equal to . Also is a tau-function
and we present a new simplified derivation of the system of nonlinear
completely integrable equations (the 's are the independent variables)
that were first derived by Jimbo, Miwa, M{\^o}ri, and Sato in 1980. In the case
of a single interval these equations are reducible to a Painlev{\'e} V
equation. For large we give an asymptotic formula for , which is
the probability in the GUE that exactly eigenvalues lie in an interval of
length .Comment: 44 page
SPITZER SAGE Observations of Large Magellanic Cloud Planetary Nebulae
We present IRAC and MIPS images and photometry of a sample of previously
known planetary nebulae (PNe) from the SAGE survey of the Large Magellanic
Cloud (LMC) performed with the Spitzer Space Telescope. Of the 233 known PNe in
the survey field, 185 objects were detected in at least two of the IRAC bands,
and 161 detected in the MIPS 24 micron images. Color-color and color-magnitude
diagrams are presented using several combinations of IRAC, MIPS, and 2MASS
magnitudes. The location of an individual PN in the color-color diagrams is
seen to depend on the relative contributions of the spectral components which
include molecular hydrogen, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), infrared
forbidden line emission from the ionized gas, warm dust continuum, and emission
directly from the central star. The sample of LMC PNe is compared to a number
of Galactic PNe and found to not significantly differ in their position in
color-color space. We also explore the potential value of IR PNe luminosity
functions (LFs) in the LMC. IRAC LFs appear to follow the same functional form
as the well-established [O III] LFs although there are several PNe with
observed IR magnitudes brighter than the cut-offs in these LFs.Comment: 18 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables, to be published in the Astronomical
Journal. Additional online data available at
http://www.cfa.harvard.edu/irac/publications
The youngest massive protostars in the Large Magellanic Cloud
We demonstrate the unique capabilities of Herschel to study very young
luminous extragalactic young stellar objects (YSOs) by analyzing a central
strip of the Large Magellanic Cloud obtained through the HERITAGE Science
Demonstration Program. We combine PACS 100 and 160, and SPIRE 250, 350, and 500
microns photometry with 2MASS (1.25-2.17 microns) and Spitzer IRAC and MIPS
(3.6-70 microns) to construct complete spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of
compact sources. From these, we identify 207 candidate embedded YSOs in the
observed region, ~40% never-before identified. We discuss their position in
far-infrared color-magnitude space, comparing with previously studied,
spectroscopically confirmed YSOs and maser emission. All have red colors
indicating massive cool envelopes and great youth. We analyze four example
YSOs, determining their physical properties by fitting their SEDs with
radiative transfer models. Fitting full SEDs including the Herschel data
requires us to increase the size and mass of envelopes included in the models.
This implies higher accretion rates (greater than or equal to 0.0001 M_sun/yr),
in agreement with previous outflow studies of high-mass protostars. Our results
show that Herschel provides reliable longwave SEDs of large samples of
high-mass YSOs; discovers the youngest YSOs whose SEDs peak in Herschel bands;
and constrains the physical properties and evolutionary stages of YSOs more
precisely than was previously possible.Comment: Main text: 4 pages, 3 figures, 1 table; Online material: 3 figures, 1
table; to appear in the A&A Herschel Special Issu
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