Losses of functional capacity in elderly institutionalized in the city of Natal/Rio Grande do Norte

Objective: Analyze aspects related to functional disability of the elderly living in a Long Permanence Elderly Institution (ILPI) in the city of Natal - Rio Grande do Norte. Method: Descriptive, exploratory and quantitative study realized with 48 elderly, through interview, Katz Index and MMSE - Mini Mental State Exam. Results: 52,08% were female with a mean of 78 ± 8,62 years old, 54,17% singles and 27,08% widowed. 41,66% had no children, and 31.25% are illiterate. 75% are independent; partially dependent 8,33% and 4,16% are dependent. Conclusion: The results reveal the importance of using geriatric assessment tools in the identification of the profile of the institutionalized elderly, allowing to develop health promotion strategies, prevention of diseases and rehabilitation given the functional losses of the elderly

Stimulation in institutionalized elderly people: effects of cognitive activity practice

Objective: To evaluate cognitive aspects in institutionalized elderly people before and after realization of cognitive stimulation activities. Method: It is a semi-experimental and quantitative study. It was performed in a Long Term Care Institutions for the Elderly (ILPI) located in Natal, Rio Grande do Norte with the elderly who reached the minimum score in the survey instrument Mini Mental State Examination. They were only 26% of the residents. Results: After stimulation activities it was observed that the elderly were able to maintain or to increase the score for the various aspects evaluated. It was confirmed by statistical analysis using the Wilcoxon test a significant difference between the groups before and after, given by p-value = 0,027. Conclusion: It was identified that the realization of cognitive stimulation activities get responses that contribute to the increase of the Mini Mental State Examination score

Estimulação em idosos institucionalizados: efeitos da prática de atividades cognitivas Stimulation in institutionalized elderly people: effects of cognitive activity practice

Objetivo: Avaliar aspectos cognitivos em idosos institucionalizados antes e após a realização de atividades de estimulação cognitiva. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo quase-experimental, contemplando uma abordagem quantitativa. Foi realizado em uma instituição de longa permanência na cidade do Natal/RN com os idosos que atingiram o ponto de corte no instrumento de pesquisa Mini Exame do Estado Mental, que somam apenas 26% do total de residentes. Resultados: Após as atividades de estimulação percebeu-se que os idosos conseguiram manter ou aumentar a pontuação para os diversos aspectos avaliados. Foi comprovado pela análise estatística, utilizando o teste de Wilcoxon, que há diferença significativa entre os grupos antes e depois, dado pelo p-valor=0,027. Conclusão: Identificou-se que com a realização de atividades de estimulação cognitiva foram obtidas respostas que contribuíram com o aumento do escore do mini exame do estado mental. Descritores: Idoso, Institucionalização, Cognição

Estimulação em idosos institucionalizados: efeitos da prática de atividades cognitivas Stimulation in institutionalized elderly people: effects of cognitive activity practice

Objetivo: Avaliar aspectos cognitivos em idosos institucionalizados antes e após a realização de atividades de estimulação cognitiva. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo quase-experimental, contemplando uma abordagem quantitativa. Foi realizado em uma instituição de longa permanência na cidade do Natal/RN com os idosos que atingiram o ponto de corte no instrumento de pesquisa Mini Exame do Estado Mental, que somam apenas 26% do total de residentes. Resultados: Após as atividades de estimulação percebeu-se que os idosos conseguiram manter ou aumentar a pontuação para os diversos aspectos avaliados. Foi comprovado pela análise estatística, utilizando o teste de Wilcoxon, que há diferença significativa entre os grupos antes e depois, dado pelo p-valor=0,027. Conclusão: Identificou-se que com a realização de atividades de estimulação cognitiva foram obtidas respostas que contribuíram com o aumento do escore do mini exame do estado mental. Descritores: Idoso, Institucionalização, Cognição

Cuidado desenvolvimental para recém-nascidos pré-termos: revisão de escopo

Objective: To map the evolution of developmental care provided to preterm newborns in Neonatal Intensive Care Units to synthesize current scientific evidence. Methods: Bibliographic search for a scoping review was conducted in November 2022 on the MEDLINE, Virtual Health Library, CINAHL, Embase and Web of Science databases. Studies discussing developmental care in neonatal units in the past five years, without language restriction, were included. Results: The scoping review included articles, whose main topics were skin-to-skin contact, noise and light control, family participation, and team awareness and training. Conclusion: Developmental care practices contribute to the neuropsychomotor development of preterm infants, improve care, reduce morbidity and mortality, and the length of hospitalization.Objetivo: mapear como o cuidado desenvolvimental prestado aos recém-nascidos pré-termos tem sido desenvolvido nas unidades de terapia intensiva neonatal com a finalidade de sintetizar as evidências científicas atuais. Métodos: revisão de escopo com busca realizada em novembro de 2022 nas bases MEDLINE, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, CINAHL, Embase e Web of Science. Foram incluídos estudos que retratavam o cuidado desenvolvimental nas unidades neonatais, nos últimos cinco anos, sem restrição de idioma. Resultados: incluíram-se sete artigos e os principais temas foram: contato pele a pele, controle do ruído e luminosidade, participação da família e sensibilização e treinamento da equipe. Conclusão: esses cuidados contribuem para o desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor do prematuro, melhoram a assistência e reduzem a morbimortalidade e o tempo de internação

Risk factors associated with death in Brazilian\ud children with severe dengue: a case-control study

Objective:\ud \ud The purpose of this case-control study was to evaluate risk factors associated with death in children with severe dengue.\ud \ud Methods:\ud \ud The clinical condition of hospitalized patients with severe dengue who died (cases, n = 18) was compared with that of hospitalized patients with severe dengue who survived (controls, n = 77). The inclusion criteria for this study were age under 13 years; hospital admission in São Luis, northeastern Brazil; and laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of dengue.\ud \ud Results:\ud \ud Severe bleeding (hemoptysis), a defining criterion for dengue severity, was the factor most strongly associated with death in our study. We also found that epistaxis and persistent vomiting, both included as warning signs in the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of dengue, were strongly associated with death. No significant association was observed between any of the laboratory findings and death.\ud \ud Conclusions:\ud \ud The finding that epistaxis and persistent vomiting were also associated with death in children with severe dengue was unexpected and deserves to be explored in future studies. Because intensive care units are often limited in resource-poor settings, any information that can help to distinguish patients with severe dengue with a higher risk to progress to death may be crucial.This research was funded by grants BICUFMA 00366/07, BIC-UFMA 00377/07 and BD-00266/09 from Fundac¸a˜o de Amparo a` Pesquisa e ao Desenvolvimento Cientı´fico e Tecnolo´gico do Maranha˜o (FAPEMA), Sa˜o Luı´s, Maranha˜ o, Brazil. GFS was the recipient of a junior research fellowship in 2007-2008 from the Universidade Federal do Maranha˜o, Sa˜o Luı´s, Maranha˜ o, Brazil. The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish or preparation of the manuscript

Índices prognósticos não convencionais estão relacionados às complicações clínicas e aos índices prognósticos da Doença Hepática Crônica / Unconventional prognostic indexes are related to clinical complications and prognostic indexes of Chronic Liver Disease

Introdução: a Doença Hepática Crônica (DHC) é caracterizada pela lesão crônica do parênquima hepático, sendo responsáveis por mais de dois milhões de mortes anualmente no mundo todo. Objetivo: avaliar a associação entre os escores ALBI e PALBI e às complicações clínicas e aos índices prognósticos convencionais da DHC em pacientes com DHC atendidos a nível ambulatorial. Métodos: estudo observacional e transversal composto por 90 pacientes maiores de 18 anos. Foram coletados dados sociodemográficos, clínicos e exames bioquímicos. O MELD e Child-Pugh foram coletados a partir de informações no prontuário. Já os escores ALBI e PALBI, utilizaram em seu cálculo as concentrações séricas de albumina, bilirrubina e plaquetas. Foram utilizados os testes t de Student para amostras independentes, para comparação de duas médias e a análise de variância (ANOVA) one-way com comparações múltiplas pelo pós-teste de Tukey, para comparação de 3 médias. Para a associação utilizou-se os testes de qui-quadrado de Pearson e exato de Fisher. Considerou-se significante p < 0,05. Resultados: Evidenciou-se associação do escore ALBI e PALBI a presença de edema e varizes de esôfago e ao índice prognóstico Child-Pugh, bem como a correlação direta desses escores a valores de INR e MELD. Os escores ALBI e PALBI apresentaram maiores valores médios no tercil 3 do MELD e na classe C do Child-Pugh. Conclusão: Os escores ALBI e PALBI apresentaram relação com os índices prognósticos convencionais de gravidade da doença hepática, Child-Pugh e MELD, bem como a presença de complicações clínicas, edema e varizes esofágicas

Multidimensional assessment of institutionalized elderly: the reality of a brazilian institution

Background: The population aging in Brazil is characterized by the accumulation of progressive disabilities in their functional activities and daily life. To consider the elderlies in his/her multiple dimensions turns out to be a critical issue to improvetheir assistance to an institu-tionalized level, improving their health and quality of life. To perform a mini-overall evaluation of institutionalized elderly person to trace their profile in relation to the socio-demographic, functional capacity, nutritional status and cognition. Methods: Descriptive study, with a cross-sectional design and quan-titative approach performed in a long - stay institution for the elderly in Natal, RN. The research was approved by the Research Ethics Com-mittee of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, under opinion number 164/2011.Results: 63.3% of the elderly were female, with ages varying from 61 to 103 years. 60.0% were single; 56.7% were literate. 66.7% had no children and 55% lived with their families before the institutio-nalization. As for the institutionalization time, 63.3% resided in the institution for four years. As what concerns the aspects of health, 73.3% of the elderly presented hearing difficulties, 90% make use of medicines predominantly to diabetes and hypertension. There is clear evidence that the institutionalization has been harmful to the elderly as with regards basic activities of daily living, nutritional status and cognitive aspects. Conclusion: The progressive disability in functional activities of daily life interferes directly in the quality of life, increasing dependency and minimizing the autonomy of these individuals. It is necessary to effec-tive implementation of public policies directed to the institutionalized elderly from the perspective of effective actions for improved attention and assistance

Applications of platelet- and leukocyte-rich fibrin (L-PRF) in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Introduction: Oral and maxillofacial surgery plays a crucial role in the reconstruction and restoration of facial structures, seeking to improve both aesthetics and function. The use of platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) represents a notable advance, accelerating healing and improving surgical outcomes. Materials and Methods: This review covers 710 studies from various electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct and Google Scholar). The aim is to thoroughly investigate the applications of platelet- and leukocyte-rich fibrin (L-PRF) in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Traumatology. Results: The analysis reveals that L-PRF stands out as an effective autologous therapy in oral and maxillofacial surgery. Its application shows remarkable potential for accelerating the healing process, contributing significantly to the effectiveness of procedures. Discussion: L-PRF has emerged as an excellent choice in oral and maxillofacial surgery and traumatology, improving both the aesthetic and functional aspects of facial reconstructions. This highlights the relevance of this autologous therapy and its benefits in surgical practice. Conclusion: The applications of platelet and leukocyte-rich fibrin (L-PRF) in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Traumatology are fundamental and promising. This advance represents not only a means of accelerating healing, but also a significant contribution to better aesthetic and functional results in surgical procedures in this area.Introduction: Oral and maxillofacial surgery plays a crucial role in the reconstruction and restoration of facial structures, seeking to improve both aesthetics and function. The use of platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) represents a notable advance, accelerating healing and improving surgical outcomes. Materials and Methods: This review covers 710 studies from various electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct and Google Scholar). The aim is to thoroughly investigate the applications of platelet- and leukocyte-rich fibrin (L-PRF) in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Traumatology. Results: The analysis reveals that L-PRF stands out as an effective autologous therapy in oral and maxillofacial surgery. Its application shows remarkable potential for accelerating the healing process, contributing significantly to the effectiveness of procedures. Discussion: L-PRF has emerged as an excellent choice in oral and maxillofacial surgery and traumatology, improving both the aesthetic and functional aspects of facial reconstructions. This highlights the relevance of this autologous therapy and its benefits in surgical practice. Conclusion: The applications of platelet and leukocyte-rich fibrin (L-PRF) in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Traumatology are fundamental and promising. This advance represents not only a means of accelerating healing, but also a significant contribution to better aesthetic and functional results in surgical procedures in this area

Patologias atuais: a compulsão e a sociedade dos excessos: Current pathologies: compulsion and the society of excesses

O artigo em tela tem por objetivo analisar os aspectos biopsicossociais da conduta compulsiva de consumo. Propõe-se a apresentar os elementos psicológicos contidos nesse comportamento, além de verificar quais são os resultados decorrentes dessa compulsão. O consumo compulsivo, também chamado de oniomania, é um transtorno causado pela ansiedade despertada pela necessidade de comprar e saciada, somente, quando é materializada a aquisição daquilo que se deseja comprar. O estudo em questão pode ser classificado como sendo de cunho bibliográfico, a partir da análise de documentos publicados em forma de artigos científicos e livros em formato digital