Antifungal activity of Myrtus communis and Zygophyllum album extracts against human pathogenic fungi

Fungal infections have been increasing in recent years due to a growing number of high-risk patients, particularly immunocompromised hosts. Currently, medicinal plants are known for their properties due to their essential oils and phenolic compounds. They have been empirically used as antimicrobial agents. So the composition of the phenolic extracts and essential oils of Myrtus communis and Zygophyllum album and their antifungal activity on Candida albicans, Aspergillus fumigatus fungal strains were studied. In this fact, essential oils from the aerial parts of the plant were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC and GC-MS, for the phenolic extracts, several extraction methods with a preliminary phytochemical study were applied. The oils showed high contents of α-pinene and cineol for M. communis and verbenone and caryophyllene for the Z. album. The MIC and minimal lethal concentration were used to evaluate the antifungal activity against Candida and Aspergillus strains. Results showed that M. communis and Z. album essential oil and phenolic extracts exhibited a significant activity against clinically relevant fungi, a significant antifungal activity of the two extracts studied (MCA and ZAM) was observed on C. albicans of these, two extracts, MCA was found to be most active with an MFC value of 25 mg/ml versus 100 mg/ml for ZAM. Nevertheless, the essential oils exhibited stronger antifungal activity than the phenolic extracts. The present study indicates that the two medicinal plants have considerable antifungal activity, deserving further investigation for clinical applications. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.375120

Characterization of intestinal microbiota in celiac children

Celiac disease (CD) is enteropathy autoimmune induced by the ingestion of gluten in genetically predisposed subjects. The ingestion of gluten is responsible for the symptoms of CD, and a disturber of the intestinal microbiota. In this study, 13 Samples of intestinal biopsy, 15 fecal samples from celiac children, and 10 from controls children respectively were collected and analyzed by conventional culture technique to characterize the microbial profile intestinal of celiac children. There was 24 celiac children (8 boys), Mean age at diagnosis was 9.52 years, all have clinical manifestations, positive anti-transglutaminase antibodies and mucosal lesions suggestive of CD (Marsh Classification).We found a difference in intestinal microbiota, between celiac and controls children for example  the  Enterobacteria,  Clostridium sp and Staphylococcus sp were remarkably higher in biopsy and fecal samples of celiac children than in controls. Inversely the Enterococcus sp, Lactobacillus sp and Clostridium sp were slightly lower in celiac children. Our results indicate an imbalance in intestinal microbiota for celiac children as reduction in the numbers of Lactobacillus sp, Enterococcus sp and increases in the numbers of Enterobacteria, Staphylococcus sp and Clostridium sp.Keywords: Celiac disease, Intestinal Microbiota, Anti-transglutaminase, Lacobacillus sp

Phytochemical and antimicrobial screening of fruits and leaves of Zizyphus lotus L. collected in North West of Algeria

The present study was conducted on medicinal plant, called Zizyphus lotus L. (Rhamnaceae) which is known as Sedra in Mascara city (North West of Algeria). This plant is very well-known in the traditional medicine to cure gastro-intestinal tract, liver and other different respiratory infections. It is communally used for its anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-ulcer and antidiabetic properties. In this context, this study was aimed at investigating the in vitro antimicrobial activity of ethereal extract fruits and leaves of Zizyphus lotus, collected in the locality of Bouhanifia (Mascara city). Phytochemical screening of ethereal extract revealed the presence of free quinons, entraquinons, flavonoids and tannins, alkaloids. Fruits and leaves polyphenolic amount was 563.17 and 542.93μgEGA/mgMS respectively, and 47.62 and 45.19 μgEGA/mg MS for flavonoids and 213.74 μgEQ/gdm  and 170.66 μgEQ/dm. Evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of the ethereal extract showed significant activity on the different tested bacteria.

EFFECT OF Salsola vermiculata

Algerian aride zone is rich with medicinal plant, Salsola vermiculata is one of the mosttraditional plant remedies in Bechar region. in this work, we tried to test the inhibitory effect on eight storage soft wheat fungi of various extracts of Salsola vermiculata in vitro and vivo by using grain storage by the coating method. The phytochemical screening of plants showed the detection of tannins, saponisides and flavonoids. The results show a remarkable antifungal effect by most of the extracts tested. The  decrease in the level of fungi observed in wheat samples demonstrates the effectiveness of grain storage by the coating method.Keywords: Salsola vermiculata; Antifungal activity; Coating method; Fungi; soft wheat;Storage

Removal of zinc and cadmium ions from contaminated soils with rhamnolipid biosurfactant produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa S7PS5

A soil treatment process using froth flotation technique involving anionic biosurfactant (rhamnolipids) using Sodium sulfide was studied. The supernatant produced by the strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa S7PS5 was tested for biosurfactants production, HPLC analysis showed the presence of L-rhamnosyl- β- hydroxydecanoyl- β-hydroxydecanoate (RL1) and L-rhamnosyl L-rhamnosyl- β-hydroxydecanoyl-β- hydroxydecanoate (RL2). The influence of the collector (rhamnolipid), pulp pH, a chemical activation step (sulfidization) and process time on metal removal efficiency has been investigated to recover Zn and Cd ions from a contaminated soil. An effective CMC of 35 mg/L was obtained. A perfect Zn and Cd removal efficiency was made at pH = 12 and 4 mg/g of Na2S during the first 5 min of soil washing process, then a longer flotation time ( > 5 min) caused mechanical entrainment of Zn and Cd.Keywords: Biosurfactants, flotation, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, rhamnolipids, soil washin

Chemical composition and anti-arthritic activity of Anacyclus valentinus extract on adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats

Anacyclus valentinus L. is a common annual plant in Algeria, known for her various therapeutic effects. In addition, the plant is used as a food condiment. We reported our investigations on the chemical compositions and the antiarthritic activity of methanolic extract of A. valentinus (MEAV). The polyphenol extraction by maceration with methanol (80%) gave yields of 17.82%. The identification by LC-MS and colorimetric assays revealed the wealth of methanolic extracts on phenolic compounds including flavonoids (52.15 mg Equ/g) and lactones. Acute oral toxicity of extract was performed in line with OECD guidelines and the lethal dose 50 was assessed greater than 2500 mg/Kg. Regarding the anti-arthritic power, rheumatoid arthritis was induced by Freund\u27s adjuvant in rats. The methanolic extract of A. valentinus presented a largest effect with weight gain, an arthritic score, thymus indices; spleen and serum parameters close to those of the control. The extract also inhibited edema and restored cartilage structure

Mise en place d’un projet de préparation des Kits de radiologie au sein de la pharmacie de l’Institut National d’Oncologie.

Introduction : La dispensation nominative des produits de santé est une pratique recommandée sur l’échelle nationale et  internationale .L’objectif de ce travail est de décrire le projet  de mise en place d’une unité de préparation et de dispensation des kits de radiologie au sein de la pharmacie de l’institut national d’oncologie.Matériel et méthode : Nous avons préparé en concertation avec le service de radiologie trois types de kits, deux pour le scanner contenant comme produit de contraste l’Ultravist® 50 ml ou 100 ml et le troisième pour l’imagerie par résonance magnétique (IRM)  contenant  le Gadovist®. Les kits contiennent  aussi les dispositifs médicaux nécessaires pour l’administration des produits de contraste. La traçabilité et le suivi de la consommation ont été assurés tout au long de la mise en place du projet.Résultats : Durant le premier mois suivant la mise en place de ce système de dispensation, nous avons préparé 288 kits IRM, 184 kits scanner 100 ml et 60 kits scanner 50ml. La traçabilité des kits IRM montre une consommation de 154, le  sexe ratio des patients est de 1.53, 69% des patients étaient ramedistes, 64% sont des patients de l’institut national d’oncologie.Conclusion : La mise en place du projet de préparation des kits  de radiologie permet  une  standardisation de la pratique, une meilleure traçabilité des produits pharmaceutiques et un gain économique pour l’hôpital, d’où l’intérêt de maintenir ce projet et le développer