Weight loss in individuals with metabolic syndrome given DASH diet counseling when provided a low sodium vegetable juice: a randomized controlled trial

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Metabolic syndrome, a constellation of metabolic risk factors for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, is one of the fastest growing disease entities in the world. Weight loss is thought to be a key to improving all aspects of metabolic syndrome. Research studies have suggested benefits from diets rich in vegetables and fruits in helping individuals reach and achieve healthy weights.</p> <p>Objective</p> <p>To evaluate the effects of a ready to serve vegetable juice as part of a calorie-appropriate Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet in an ethnically diverse population of people with Metabolic Syndrome on weight loss and their ability to meet vegetable intake recommendations, and on their clinical characteristics of metabolic syndrome (waist circumference, triglycerides, HDL, fasting blood glucose and blood pressure).</p> <p>A secondary goal was to examine the impact of the vegetable juice on associated parameters, including leptin, vascular adhesion markers, and markers of the oxidative defense system and of oxidative stress.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A prospective 12 week, 3 group (0, 8, or 16 fluid ounces of low sodium vegetable juice) parallel arm randomized controlled trial. Participants were requested to limit their calorie intake to 1600 kcals for women and 1800 kcals for men and were educated on the DASH diet. A total of 81 (22 men & 59 women) participants with Metabolic Syndrome were enrolled into the study. Dietary nutrient and vegetable intake, weight, height, leptin, metabolic syndrome clinical characteristics and related markers of endothelial and cardiovascular health were measured at baseline, 6-, and 12-weeks.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>There were significant group by time interactions when aggregating both groups consuming vegetable juice (8 or 16 fluid ounces daily). Those consuming juice lost more weight, consumed more Vitamin C, potassium, and dietary vegetables than individuals who were in the group that only received diet counseling (p < 0.05).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The incorporation of vegetable juice into the daily diet can be a simple and effective way to increase the number of daily vegetable servings. Data from this study also suggest the potential of using a low sodium vegetable juice in conjunction with a calorie restricted diet to aid in weight loss in overweight individuals with metabolic syndrome.</p

Lawson criterion for ignition exceeded in an inertial fusion experiment

For more than half a century, researchers around the world have been engaged in attempts to achieve fusion ignition as a proof of principle of various fusion concepts. Following the Lawson criterion, an ignited plasma is one where the fusion heating power is high enough to overcome all the physical processes that cool the fusion plasma, creating a positive thermodynamic feedback loop with rapidly increasing temperature. In inertially confined fusion, ignition is a state where the fusion plasma can begin "burn propagation" into surrounding cold fuel, enabling the possibility of high energy gain. While "scientific breakeven" (i.e., unity target gain) has not yet been achieved (here target gain is 0.72, 1.37 MJ of fusion for 1.92 MJ of laser energy), this Letter reports the first controlled fusion experiment, using laser indirect drive, on the National Ignition Facility to produce capsule gain (here 5.8) and reach ignition by nine different formulations of the Lawson criterion

International Consensus Statement on Rhinology and Allergy: Rhinosinusitis

Background: The 5 years since the publication of the first International Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Rhinosinusitis (ICAR‐RS) has witnessed foundational progress in our understanding and treatment of rhinologic disease. These advances are reflected within the more than 40 new topics covered within the ICAR‐RS‐2021 as well as updates to the original 140 topics. This executive summary consolidates the evidence‐based findings of the document. Methods: ICAR‐RS presents over 180 topics in the forms of evidence‐based reviews with recommendations (EBRRs), evidence‐based reviews, and literature reviews. The highest grade structured recommendations of the EBRR sections are summarized in this executive summary. Results: ICAR‐RS‐2021 covers 22 topics regarding the medical management of RS, which are grade A/B and are presented in the executive summary. Additionally, 4 topics regarding the surgical management of RS are grade A/B and are presented in the executive summary. Finally, a comprehensive evidence‐based management algorithm is provided. Conclusion: This ICAR‐RS‐2021 executive summary provides a compilation of the evidence‐based recommendations for medical and surgical treatment of the most common forms of RS

Book Review: Social Participation in Occupational Contexts, in Schools, Clinics and Communities

Book Revie

Social participation in occupational contexts, in schools, clinics and communities

Book Revie

How detailed pofiles of children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) influence participation in physical activity. School based evidence.

McQuillan, V.A., Swanwick, R.A., Chambers, M.E. & Sugden, D.A. Title: How detailed profiles of children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) influence participation in physical activity (PA). School based evidence. Aim: Children with DCD show motor coordination difficulties often co-occurring with characteristics of Specific Language Impairment (SLI), Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). However, the impact over time on motor progression and participation in (PA) is relatively unexplored. 1) To examine profiles of children with DCD exploring motor progress over time 2) To examine any relationship between profiles and participation in PA Method: Thirty-four schoolchildren aged 7-14 years were screened using CCC2, Snap IV and DCDQ (07) for developmental disorders of language, communication, attention and DCD. Children were tested individually with KBIT2 and MABC2 and DCD (DSM5) criteria to identify children with and without DCD. Three groups were identified: Red ≤5th percentile on MABC2 (severe motor impairment), Amber 6-16th percentile (moderate motor impairment) and Green ≥25th percentile (typically developing). Measures of IQ and socio economic context and repeated measures of MABC2 were taken over 2 years. Group comparison with ANOVA at baseline and repeated measures ANOVA over time were performed examining stability or change. Selected children were interviewed for experiences and participation in PA. Results: Children with DCD had distinctive profiles, a higher prevalence of co-occurring characteristics differing from typically developing children (TDC) on many measures. Motor performance within the two DCD groups progressed differently from each other and TDC group depending upon severity of motor impairment Discussion: Findings suggest that children in both DCD groups progressed differently and participated in PA less than TDC. Yet cross case analysis revealed that some enjoyed participating in PA identifying themes useful to support participation. The study adds to the literature by systematically identifying profiles of DCD, the influence of co-occurring characteristics, and motor progression over time