1,671 research outputs found
Eliminating ambiguities for quantum corrections to strings moving in
We apply a physical principle, previously used to eliminate ambiguities in
quantum corrections to the 2 dimensional kink, to the case of spinning strings
moving in , thought of as another kind of two
dimensional soliton. We find that this eliminates the ambiguities and selects
the result compatible with AdS/CFT, providing a solid foundation for one of the
previous calculations, which found agreement. The method can be applied to
other classical string "solitons".Comment: 18 pages, latex; references added, comments added at end of section
4, a few words changed; footnote added on page 1
EEG Source Imaging Indices of Cognitive Control Show Associations with Dopamine System Genes.
Cognitive or executive control is a critical mental ability, an important marker of mental illness, and among the most heritable of neurocognitive traits. Two candidate genes, catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) and DRD4, which both have a roles in the regulation of cortical dopamine, have been consistently associated with cognitive control. Here, we predicted that individuals with the COMT Met/Met allele would show improved response execution and inhibition as indexed by event-related potentials in a Go/NoGo task, while individuals with the DRD4 7-repeat allele would show impaired brain activity. We used independent component analysis (ICA) to separate brain source processes contributing to high-density EEG scalp signals recorded during the task. As expected, individuals with the DRD4 7-repeat polymorphism had reduced parietal P3 source and scalp responses to response (Go) compared to those without the 7-repeat. Contrary to our expectation, the COMT homozygous Met allele was associated with a smaller frontal P3 source and scalp response to response-inhibition (NoGo) stimuli, suggesting that while more dopamine in frontal cortical areas has advantages in some tasks, it may also compromise response inhibition function. An interaction effect emerged for P3 source responses to Go stimuli. These were reduced in those with both the 7-repeat DRD4 allele and either the COMT Val/Val or the Met/Met homozygous polymorphisms but not in those with the heterozygous Val/Met polymorphism. This epistatic interaction between DRD4 and COMT replicates findings that too little or too much dopamine impairs cognitive control. The anatomic and functional separated maximally independent cortical EEG sources proved more informative than scalp channel measures for genetic studies of brain function and thus better elucidate the complex mechanisms in psychiatric illness
Kaluza-Klein gauge and minimal integrable extension of OSp(4|6)/(SO(1,3) x U(3)) sigma-model
Basing upon experience from performing double-dimensional reduction of the
D=11 supermembrane on AdS_4 x S^7 background to Type IIA superstring on AdS_4 x
CP^3 we introduce Kaluza-Klein (partial) kappa-symmetry gauge as a vanishing
condition of the contribution to the D=11 supervielbein components tangent to
D=10 space-time proportional to the differential of the coordinate
parametrizing compact 11-th space-time dimension, that is identified with the
supermembrane world-volume compact dimension. For AdS_4 x S^7 supermembrane
Kaluza-Klein gauge removes half Grassmann coordinates associated with 8
space-time supersymmetries, broken by the AdS_4 x CP^3 superbackground, by
imposing D=3 (anti-)Majorana condition on them. The consideration relies on the
realization of osp(4|8) isometry superalgebra of the AdS_4 x S^7
superbackground as D=3 N=8 superconformal algebra. Requiring further vanishing
of the D=10 dilaton leaves in the sector of broken supersymmetries just two
Grassmann coordinates organized into D=3 (anti-)Majorana spinor that defines
minimal SL(2,R)-covariant extension of the OSp(4|6)/(SO(1,3)x U(3))
sigma-model. Among 4 possibilities of such a minimal extension we consider in
detail one, that corresponds to picking out D=3 Majorana coordinate related to
broken Poincare supersymmetry, and show that the AdS_4 x CP^3 superstring
equations of motion in this partial kappa-symmetry gauge are integrable. Also
the relation between the OSp(4|6)/(SO(1,3) x U(3)) sigma-model and the AdS_4 x
CP^3 superstring is revisited.Comment: LaTeX, 22 pages; v2: minor improvements in the text, typos corrected,
references adde
QCD properties of twist operators in the N=6 Chern-Simons theory
We consider twist-1, 2 operators in planar N=6 superconformal Chern-Simons
ABJM theory. We derive higher order anomalous dimensions from integrability and
test various QCD-inspired predictions known to hold in N=4 SYM. In particular,
we show that the asymptotic anomalous dimensions display intriguing remnants of
Gribov-Lipatov reciprocity and Low-Burnett-Kroll logarithmic cancellations.
Wrapping effects are also discussed and shown to be subleading at large spin.Comment: 22 pages, expanded reference
Organicity: Lessons from an Experimentation as a Service Model for Digital Civic Innovation
In the paradigm of the Smart City, cities are embracing new digital technologies and data innovation to redefine their relationship
to citizens and enterprise. Increasingly, cities are developing visions, strategies, and related digital masterplans and action groups with which
to coordinate these efforts. The European Horizon 2020 funded OrganiCity project explored a new model for providing access to all citizens
to collaboratively develop and test their ideas for managing and improving the urban environment using data. The people centred and data
driven approach of the OrganiCity project developed an Experimentation as a Service (EaaS) model across 13 cities and with 43 experiments.
In this paper, we describe the 4 key service pillars that emerged through designing a platform to enable experimentation and the associated
engagement practices required to facilitate testing in a city. The service pillars are: systematic experimentation, co-creation, federated ethics
& privacy, and management of liability & Intellectual Property Rights. The EaaS approach provided a low-risk service blueprint for city
authorities to democratically source, test and support scaling-up innovative solutions to their city challenges. Analysis of experimenter’s
projects highlighted the importance of shared infrastructure for reducing the barrier to entry for accessing the digital tools, but more importantly
highlighted the investment required, and value of, the human resources required to facilitate the process of experimentation
Light-cone gauge Hamiltonian for AdS_4 x CP^3 superstring
It is developed the phase-space formulation for the Type IIA superstring on
the AdS_4 x CP^3 background in the kappa-symmetry light-cone gauge for which
the light-like directions are taken from the D=3 Minkowski boundary of AdS_4.
After fixing bosonic light-cone gauge the superstring Hamiltonian is expressed
as a function of the transverse physical variables and in the quadratic
approximation corresponds to the light-cone gauge-fixed IIA superstring in flat
space.Comment: 12 pages, LaTeX; v2 minor improvements of the text, misprints
corrected, reference added; v3: missing terms in Eqs.(8),(53) and (56) adde
The serum proteome of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar, during pancreas disease (PD) following infection with salmonid alphavirus subtype 3 (SAV3)
Salmonid alphavirus is the aetological agent of pancreas disease (PD) in marine Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar, and rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, with most outbreaks in Norway caused by SAV subtype 3 (SAV3). This atypical alphavirus is transmitted horizontally causing a significant economic impact on the aquaculture industry. This histopathological and proteomic study, using an established cohabitational experimental model, investigated the correlation between tissue damage during PD and a number of serum proteins associated with these pathologies in Atlantic salmon. The proteins were identified by two-dimensional electrophoresis, trypsin digest and peptide MS/MS fingerprinting. A number of humoral components of immunity which may act as biomarkers of the disease were also identified. For example, creatine kinase, enolase and malate dehydrogenase serum concentrations were shown to correlate with pathology during PD. In contrast, hemopexin, transferrin, and apolipoprotein, amongst others, altered during later stages of the disease and did not correlate with tissue pathologies. This approach has given new insight into not only PD but also fish disease as a whole, by characterisation of the protein response to infection, through pathological processes to tissue recovery.
Biological significance:
Salmonid alphavirus causes pancreas disease (PD) in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar, and has a major economic impact on the aquaculture industry. A proteomic investigation of the change to the serum proteome during PD has been made with an established experimental model of the disease. Serum proteins were identified by two-dimensional electrophoresis, trypsin digest and peptide MS/MS fingerprinting with 72 protein spots being shown to alter significantly over the 12 week period of the infection. The concentrations of certain proteins in serum such as creatine kinase, enolase and malate dehydrogenase were shown to correlate with tissue pathology while other proteins such as hemopexin, transferrin, and apolipoprotein, altered in concentration during later stages of the disease and did not correlate with tissue pathologies. The protein response to infection may be used to monitor disease progression and enhance understanding of the pathology of PD
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