ResearchFanshawe Magazine Special Edition 1

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Neighbourhood identity

From Executive Summary: This study explores the ways in which neighbourhood identity is formed over time and place, and considers the implications this may have for policies that seek to improve and enhance neighbourhoods and communities. Part of the motivation for the study was to explore why ‘regeneration policies’ often fail in their objectives and why the reputations of housing estates – ‘good’ and ‘bad’ – display a remarkable longevity and resilience to change. Hence the interest focused on how such reputations are established and understood by those within and outside of particular places, and what implications this has for the identities of neighbourhoods and the individuals who live in them. In so doing, the study concentrated on three neighbourhoods in the City of Stirling in central Scotland, namely, Raploch, Riverside and Randolph Road. Each was chosen for its distinct socio-economic profile and differing relative identity. To this end, the study also explored what it meant to individuals to ‘come fae’ (come from) each of these areas as a way of understanding issues of ‘belonging’ and ‘attachment’ to particular places

Criminal Law: Prepare For Boarding: Coast Guard Authority On The High Seas. United States V. Williams

The Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals recently attempted to harmonize the discordant precedent that has evolved in the circuit with regard to high seas searches and seizures conducted by the United States Coast Guard

ResearchFanshawe Magazine Issue 8

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Studies on Plant and Animal Histones

The histones of the pea plant, Pisum sativum L., and of calf thymus have been fractionated and further characterized in order to determine the extent of heterogeneity and the main chemical features of these basic nuclear proteins. Histones were fractionated by chromatography on Amberlite CG-50 and by preparative disc electrophoresis. The resulting highly purified histone fractions were further characterized by analytical disc electrophoresis, amino acid analysis, N-terminal and C-terminal analyses, and the preparation of tryptic peptide maps. Calf thymus histones Ia, Ib, IIb1, III and IV (f1, f1, f2a2, f3, and f2a1 in the nomenclature of Johns, Phillips and Butler) and pea bud histones Ib, IIb, III and IV were obtained as electrophoretically pure components and each appears to be a single molecular species on the basis of N-terminal and C-terminal analysis and the number of tryptic peptides. The total number of major histones in calf thymus appears to be six, in pea bud, eight. The apparent heterogeneity of calf thymus histones demonstrated by disc electrophoresis is largely due to the formation of histone III complexes by disulfide bridges between histone III monomers. While calf thymus histone III contains two cysteines per molecule pea bud histone III contains but one and thus can form only dimers. For each calf thymus histone there appears to be an homologous pea bud histone. It is proposed that the homologous pea and calf histones are related by evolution and perform identical biological functions. This hypothesis is based upon remarkable similarities in chromatographic and electrophoretic behavior, amino acid compositions, terminal amino acids, and in some cases even peptide maps of corresponding pea and calf histones. Peptide maps of the arginine-rich histone III contain 29 soluble peptides of which 26 are common to calf and pea; maps of histone IV contain 32 peptides of which 27 are common to calf and pea. By chromatography and electrophoresis the histones of various pea tissues are qualitatively identical to those of pea bud. There are, however, quantitative differences and these have been accurately measured by a method of quantitative analytical disc electrophoresis. Young pea cotyledons contain only about a third as much lysine-rich histone as do mature cotyledons. Exploratory experiments on the synthesis of histone in pea cotyledons as a function of development and in relation to other macromolecular parameters are described in an appendix. The dissociation of histones from pea bud nucleohistone by NaCl was studied, employing quantitative disc electrophoresis. Histone I (lysine-rich) is selectively dissociated by 0.5 M NaCl and the remaining histones are non-selectively dissociated primarily over the range 0.5 - 1.5 M NaCl. These data are compared with data for the dissociation of calf thymus histones from nucleohistone by NaCl and the general similarities are noted.</p

Video analysis and verification of direct head impacts recorded by wearable sensors in junior rugby league players

Background: Rugby league is a high-intensity collision sport that carries a risk of concussion. Youth athletes are considered to be more vulnerable and take longer to recover from concussion than adult athletes. Purpose: To review head impact events in elite-level junior representative rugby league and to verify and describe characteristics of X-patchTM-recorded impacts via video analysis. Study Design: Observational case series. Methods: The X-patchTM was used on twenty-one adolescent players (thirteen forwards and eight backs) during a 2017 junior representative rugby league competition. Game-day footage, recorded by a trained videographer from a single camera, was synchronised with X-patchTM-recorded timestamped events. Impacts were double verified by video review. Impact rates, playing characteristics, and gameplay situations were described. Results: The X-patchTM-recorded 624 impacts ≥ 20g between game start and finish, of which 564 (90.4%) were verified on video. Upon video review, 413 (73.2%) of all verified impacts ≥ 20g where determined to be direct head impacts. Direct head impacts ≥ 20g occurred at a rate of 5.2 impacts per game hour; 7.6 for forwards and 3.0 for backs (range = 0–18.2). A defender’s arm directly impacting the head of the ball carrier was the most common event, accounting for 21.3% (n = 120) of all impacts, and 46.7% of all “hit-up” impacts. There were no medically diagnosed concussions during the competition. Conclusion: The majority (90.4%) of head impacts ≥ 20g recorded by the X-patchTM sensor were verified by video. Double verification of direct head impacts in addition to cross-verification of sensor-recorded impacts using a secondary source such as synchronised video review can be used to ensure accuracy and validation of data

The Raploch: A history, people's perceptions and the likely future of a problem housing estate

This article explores the experience of belonging and identity, and the social distance and separateness which has long characterised aspects of Stirling’s Raploch housing estate. Detailed historical archive work uncovered the limited social planning and architectural ambitions set for this housing estate, when compared to the earlier Riverside development. The consequences of such decision making and subsequent poor management of the estate is then articulated through a series of qualitative interviews which explore attitudes to the construction and sustaining of neighbourhood and community identities. Achieving a physical solution to Raploch's social problems has eluded a series of recent regeneration initiatives and this paper suggests that the core problem is not primarily architectural but rather one of class related discrimination and stigma which has been core to Raploch's identity since the 16th Century