97 research outputs found
Radioactive element abundances, paleo-heat flows, and the internal evolution of Mars
Depto. de Geodinámica, Estratigrafía y PaleontologíaFac. de Ciencias GeológicasTRUEpu
The heat flow history of Mars from lithospheric strength
Depto. de Geodinámica, Estratigrafía y PaleontologíaFac. de Ciencias GeológicasTRUEpu
Measurements on NASA Langley Durable Combustor Rig by TDLAT: Preliminary Results
Detailed knowledge of the internal structure of high-enthalpy flows can provide valuable insight to the performance of scramjet combustors. Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (TDLAS) is often employed to measure temperature and species concentration. However, TDLAS is a path-integrated line-of-sight (LOS) measurement, and thus does not produce spatially resolved distributions. Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Tomography (TDLAT) is a non-intrusive measurement technique for determining two-dimensional spatially resolved distributions of temperature and species concentration in high enthalpy flows. TDLAT combines TDLAS with tomographic image reconstruction. Several separate line-of-sight TDLAS measurements are analyzed in order to produce highly resolved temperature and species concentration distributions. Measurements have been collected at the University of Virginia's Supersonic Combustion Facility (UVaSCF) as well as at the NASA Langley Direct-Connect Supersonic Combustion Test Facility (DCSCTF). Measurements collected at the DCSCTF required significant modifications to system hardware and software designs due to its larger measurement area and shorter test duration. Initial LOS measurements from the NASA Langley DCSCTF operating at an equivalence ratio of 0.5 are presented. Results show the capability of TDLAT to adapt to several experimental setups and test parameters
Present-day and early heat flows and the thermal evolution of Mars
Depto. de Geodinámica, Estratigrafía y PaleontologíaFac. de Ciencias GeológicasTRUEpu
2005 Wild Blueberry Project Reports
The 2005 edition of the Wild Blueberry Project Reports was prepared for the Wild Blueberry Commission of Maine and the Wild Blueberry Advisory Committee by researchers at the University of Maine, Orono. Projects in this report include:
1. Evaluation of Emerging Disinfections Technologies for Wild Blueberry Processing
1A. Incorporation of wild blueberry puree into a soy-based burger and its effect on sensory and chemical properties of the broiled burgers.
2. Incorporation of wild blueberry puree into a soy-based burger and its effect on sensory and chemical properties of the broiled burgers
3. Wild blueberries and Arterial Functional Properties
4. Practical Microbial Control Approach and Antimicrobial Properties Study for Wild Blueberries
5. Wild Blueberries Reduce Risks for Cardiovascular Disease –No Report at this time, data is still under analysis.
6. Irrigation Water Use in Wild Blueberry Production
7. Control Tactics for Blueberry Pest Insects, 2005
8. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) strategies, 2005
9. Control Tactics for Blueberry Pest Insects, 2005
10. The Effect of Fungicides and Cultural Treatments on Monilinia Blight, Yield and Post-Harvest Disease in Wild Blueberries
11. Effect of Soil pH on Nutrient Uptake
12. Effect of Manganese on Growth and Yield of Wild Blueberry
13. Raising Foliar Nitrogen by Application of CoRoN
14. Effects of Summer Foliar Fertilization to Increase Branch Length and Flower Bud Formation in the Prune Year
15. Assessment of Hexazinone Alternatives for Weed Control in Wild Blueberries and Field Cover Program Base
16. Evaluation of Fall Applications of Tribenuron Methyl for Bunchberry Control in Wild Blueberries
17. Evaluation of spot treatments of Tribenuron Methyl for weed control in Wild Blueberries
18. Evaluation and Demonstration of Techniques for Filling in Bare Spots in Wild Blueberry Fields
19. Assessment of Evitol and Kerb for Sedge Control in Wild Blueberrie
2006 Lowbush Blueberry Project Reports
The 2006 edition of the Lowbush Blueberry Project Reports was prepared for the Wild Blueberry Commission of Maine and the Wild Blueberry Advisory Committee by researchers at the University of Maine, Orono. Projects in this report include:
1. Evaluation of Emerging Disinfection Technologies for Wild Blueberry Processing
2. Incorporation of wild blueberry puree into a soy-based burger and its effect on sensory and chemical properties of the broiled burgers
3. Infestation Detection using NIRS
4. Mechanism of Action through which Wild Blueberries affect Arterial Functional Properties in Normotensive and Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats
5. Practical Microbial Control Approach for Wild Blueberries and their Antimicrobial Property
6. Wild Blueberry Consumption and Risks for Cardiovascular Disease
7. Irrigation Water use in Wild Blueberry Production
8. Control Tactics for Blueberry Pest Insects & Program Base
9. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Strategies
10. Biology and Ecology of Blueberry Insect Pests, 2006
11. Research on Wild Blueberry Diseases for 2006-2007
12. Effect of Soil pH on Nutrient Uptake
13. Effect of Manganese on Growth and Yield of Wild Blueberry
14. Effects of Summer Foliar Fertilization to Increase Branch Length and Flower Bud Formation in the Prune Year
15. Effects of Phosphite Foliar Fertilizers on disease control and fruit set of wild blueberry
16. Assessment of Hexazinone Alternatives for Weed Control in Wild Blueberries
17. Evaluation of Fall Applications of Tribenuron Methyl for Bunchberry Control in Wild Blueberries
18. Evaluation of spot treatments of Tribenuron Methyl, Ultim and Roundup for weed control in Wild Blueberries
19. Blueberry Extension Education Program
20. Cultural Weed Management Using p
2011 Wild Blueberry Project Reports
The 2011 edition of the Wild Blueberry Project Reports was prepared for the Wild Blueberry Commission of Maine and the Wild Blueberry Advisory Committee by researchers at the University of Maine, Orono. Projects in this report include:
1. Mechanisms through which wild blueberries affect functional characteristics of the arterial wall related to endothelial dysfunction in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats
2. Do wild blueberries affect high blood lipids, high blood glucose and obesity as related to the Metabolic Syndrome?
3. Control tactics for blueberry pest insects, 2011
4. IPM strategies, 2011
5. Biology and ecology of pest insects, 2011
6. Biology and ecology of beneficial insects, 2011
7. Pesticide residues on lowbush blueberry, 2011
8. Maine wild blueberry –mummy berry research and extension
9. Valdensinia leaf spot – Education, control and research – 2011
10. Effect of soil pH on nutrient uptake
11. Evaluation of several growth regulators for stimulating lowbush blueberry rhizome production
12. Evaluation of the effects of Gypsum (CaSO4) on wild blueberry fruit Ca concentration
13. Fall application of tribenuron methyl for bunchberry control in wild blueberries, 2009-2011 – effects of fall versus spring pruning on cover and yield in the crop year (final report)
14. Wild Blueberry Extension Education Program in 2011
INPUT SYSTEMS STUDY:
15. Systems approach to improving the sustainability of wild blueberry production, Year 2 of a four-year study – experimental design
16. The effects of different agronomic practices on the composition and quality of wild blueberries
17. Systems approach to improving the sustainability of wild blueberry production, Year 2 of a four-year study, blueberry quality from the first harvest year
18. Food safety- Prevalence study of Escherichia coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella spp. on lowbush blueberries (Vaccinium angustifolium)
19. Abundance of insect pest species and natural enemies in lowbush blueberry fields maintained under different management practices
20. Systems approach to improving the sustainability of wild blueberry production, Year 2 of a four-year study, disease management results
21. Systems approach to improving the sustainability of wild blueberry production, Year 2 of a four-year study, weed management results
22. Systems approach to improving sustainability of wild blueberry production, Year 1 of a four-year study, preliminary soil health and chemistry results
23. Management effects on the phosphorus chemistry of wild blueberry barrens soil
24. Systems approach to improving the sustainability of wild blueberry production, preliminary economic comparison 2010-2011
25. Transition to organic production Year 2: Evaluation of gypsum and bone char
26. The effect of field management, forest edge composition, and field location on insect-mediated ecosystem services (scavenging/predation) (ancillary study)
27. Pre-emergent combinations of herbicides for weed control in wild blueberry fields (ancillary study)
28. Systems approach to improving the sustainability of wild blueberry production – Ancillary land-leveling study, year 1 (ancillary study)
29. Effects of compost and mulch on soil health and soil nutrient dynamics in wild blueberry (ancillary study
Mutations in succinate dehydrogenase B (SDHB) enhance neutrophil survival independent of HIF-1α expression.
status: publishe
Peroxiredoxin 3 Is a Redox-Dependent Target of Thiostrepton in Malignant Mesothelioma Cells
Thiostrepton (TS) is a thiazole antibiotic that inhibits expression of FOXM1, an oncogenic transcription factor required for cell cycle progression and resistance to oncogene-induced oxidative stress. The mechanism of action of TS is unclear and strategies that enhance TS activity will improve its therapeutic potential. Analysis of human tumor specimens showed FOXM1 is broadly expressed in malignant mesothelioma (MM), an intractable tumor associated with asbestos exposure. The mechanism of action of TS was investigated in a cell culture model of human MM. As for other tumor cell types, TS inhibited expression of FOXM1 in MM cells in a dose-dependent manner. Suppression of FOXM1 expression and coincidental activation of ERK1/2 by TS were abrogated by pre-incubation of cells with the antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), indicating its mechanism of action in MM cells is redox-dependent. Examination of the mitochondrial thioredoxin reductase 2 (TR2)-thioredoxin 2 (TRX2)-peroxiredoxin 3 (PRX3) antioxidant network revealed that TS modifies the electrophoretic mobility of PRX3. Incubation of recombinant human PRX3 with TS in vitro also resulted in PRX3 with altered electrophoretic mobility. The cellular and recombinant species of modified PRX3 were resistant to dithiothreitol and SDS and suppressed by NAC, indicating that TS covalently adducts cysteine residues in PRX3. Reduction of endogenous mitochondrial TRX2 levels by the cationic triphenylmethane gentian violet (GV) promoted modification of PRX3 by TS and significantly enhanced its cytotoxic activity. Our results indicate TS covalently adducts PRX3, thereby disabling a major mitochondrial antioxidant network that counters chronic mitochondrial oxidative stress. Redox-active compounds like GV that modify the TR2/TRX2 network may significantly enhance the efficacy of TS, thereby providing a combinatorial approach for exploiting redox-dependent perturbations in mitochondrial function as a therapeutic approach in mesothelioma
Synaptic Defects in the Spinal and Neuromuscular Circuitry in a Mouse Model of Spinal Muscular Atrophy
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a major genetic cause of death in childhood characterized by marked muscle weakness. To investigate mechanisms underlying motor impairment in SMA, we examined the spinal and neuromuscular circuitry governing hindlimb ambulatory behavior in SMA model mice (SMNΔ7). In the neuromuscular circuitry, we found that nearly all neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) in hindlimb muscles of SMNΔ7 mice remained fully innervated at the disease end stage and were capable of eliciting muscle contraction, despite a modest reduction in quantal content. In the spinal circuitry, we observed a ∼28% loss of synapses onto spinal motoneurons in the lateral column of lumbar segments 3–5, and a significant reduction in proprioceptive sensory neurons, which may contribute to the 50% reduction in vesicular glutamate transporter 1(VGLUT1)-positive synapses onto SMNΔ7 motoneurons. In addition, there was an increase in the association of activated microglia with SMNΔ7 motoneurons. Together, our results present a novel concept that synaptic defects occur at multiple levels of the spinal and neuromuscular circuitry in SMNΔ7 mice, and that proprioceptive spinal synapses could be a potential target for SMA therapy
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