15,643 research outputs found
Mid-infrared spectral broadening in an ultrafast laser inscribed gallium lanthanum sulphide waveguide
The Penguin: a Low Reynolds Number Powered Glider for Station Keeping Missions
The Penguin is a low Reynolds number (approx. 100,000) remotely piloted vehicle (RPV). It was designed to fly three laps indoors around two pylons in a figure-eight course while maximizing loiter time. The Penguin's low Reynolds number mission is an important one currently being studied for possible future flights in the atmospheres of other planets and for specialized military missions. Although the Penguin's mission seemed quite simple at first, the challenges of such low Reynolds number flight have proven to be quite unique. In addition to the constraint of low Reynolds number flight, the aircraft had to be robust in its control, highly durable, and it had to carry a small instrument package. The Penguin's flight plan, concept, performance, aerodynamic design, weight estimation, structural design, propulsion, stability and control, and cost estimate is detailed
Associations between BMI, Body Composition, Sleep and Physical Activity in College Students
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Counts and Colors of Faint Galaxies in the U and R Bands
Ground-based counts and colors of faint galaxies in the U and R bands in one
field at high Galactic latitude are presented. Integrated over flux, a total of
1.2x10^5 sources per square degree are found to U=25.5 mag and 6.3x10^5 sources
per square degree to R=27 mag, with d log N/dm ~ 0.5 in the U band and d log
N/dm ~ 0.3 in the R band. Consistent with these number-magnitude curves,
sources become bluer with increasing magnitude to median U-R=0.6 mag at 24<U<25
mag and U-R=1.2 mag at 25 < R < 26 mag. Because the Lyman break redshifts into
the U band at z~3, at least 1.2x10^5 sources per square degree must be at
redshifts z<3. Measurable U-band fluxes of 73 percent of the 6.3x10^5 sources
per square degree suggest that the majority of these also lie at z < 3. These
results require an enormous space density of objects in any cosmological model.Comment: 17 pages, MNRAS in pres
Extremely metal-poor stars from the SDSS
We give a progress report about the activities within the CIFIST Team related
to the search for extremely metal-poor stars in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey's
spectroscopic catalog. So far the search has provided 25 candidates with
metallicities around or smaller -3. For 15 candidates high resolution
spectroscopy with UVES at the VLT has confirmed their extremely metal-poor
status. Work is under way to extend the search to the SDSS's photometric
catalog by augmenting the SDSS photometry, and by gauging the capabilities of
X-shooter when going to significantly fainter targets.Comment: 6 pages, 6 figures, Proceedings paper of the conference "A stellar
journey: A symposium in celebration of Bengt Gustafsson's 65th birthday
Pneumococcal disease : a systematic review of health utilities, resource use, costs, and economic evaluations of interventions
Background
Pneumococcal diseases cause substantial mortality, morbidity, and economic burden. Evidence on data inputs for economic evaluations of interventions targeting pneumococcal disease is critical.
Objectives
To summarize evidence on resource use, costs, health utilities, and cost-effectiveness for pneumococcal disease and associated interventions to inform future economic analyses.
Methods
We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, PsycINFO, EconLit, and Cochrane databases for peer-reviewed studies in English on pneumococcal disease that reported health utilities using direct or indirect valuation methods, resource use, costs, or cost-effectiveness of intervention programs, and summarized the evidence descriptively.
Results
We included 383 studies: 9 reporting health utilities, 131 resource use, 160 economic costs of pneumococcal disease, 95 both resource use and costs, and 178 economic evaluations of pneumococcal intervention programs. Health state utility values ranged from 0 to 1 for both meningitis and otitis media and from 0.3 to 0.7 for both pneumonia and sepsis. Hospitalization was shortest for otitis media (range: 0.1-5 days) and longest for sepsis/septicemia (6-48). The main categories of costs reported were drugs, hospitalization, and household or employer costs. Resource use was reported in hospital length of stay and number of contacts with general practitioners. Costs and resource use significantly varied among population ages, disease conditions, and settings. Current vaccination programs for both adults and children, antibiotic use and outreach programs to promote vaccination, early disease detection, and educational programs are cost-effective in most countries.
Conclusion
This study has generated a comprehensive repository of health economic evidence on pneumococcal disease that can be used to inform future economic evaluations of pneumococcal disease intervention programs
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