Non-livestock value chains. Lateral thinking for the securing of the Sahelian livestock economies

In a rapid rural appraisal conducted in 2012 in the Senegalese Sahel, agropastoralists of Thiel expressed their need for technical and scientific support in peanut value chain development. Value chain analysis assessed the performance of the stakeholders. Multiple correspondence analysis clarified power relationships among them. Social network analysis facilitated the understanding of social and technical relationships inside the particular node of agropastoralists. Results show that the peanut crop is both a source of cash flow (marketing) and a pillar of food (basic consumption) and feed (by-products) security. This paper also highlights a lack of convenient economic environments, mutual assistance, capacity transfer and knowledge sharing on the best agricultural practices among agropastoralists, despite their weak production performance. Agropastoralists have no influence in the peanut value chain and are dependent on decisions from other actors. Technical support and knowledge sharing appear to be key for agropastoralists to control and adopt agricultural innovations. (Résumé d'auteur

Profil De L’asthmatique Admis Au Centre Hospitalier National Universitaire De Fann (CHNU) A Dakar (Senegal)

Au Sénégal, la prévalence de l’asthme n’est pas encore évaluée. Les caractéristiques sociodémographiques, épidémiologiques et la provenance des patients asthmatiques consultés au Centre Hospitalier National Universitaire (CHNU) de Fann demeurent peu connues. Cet article contribue à la connaissance du profil des patients asthmatiques admis au CHNU. Il s’est agi d’une étude rétrospective, prospective et transversale à avisée analytique associant l’approche quantitative et qualitative qui s’est déroulée de janvier 1999 à août 2017 à la clinique de pneumologie du CHNU. La population d’étude était constituée des asthmatiques reçus en consultation. Les paramètres analysés concernent les caractéristiques de la population étudiée (âge, sexe, profession et statut matrimonial). Au total 296 patients asthmatiques, soit 36,5% d’hommes contre 63,5% de femmes, ont été enregistrés avec un âge médian qui était de 35 ans. 234 répondants à la variable catégorie socioprofessionnelle, étaient composés de ménagères (24,8%), d’élèves et d’étudiants (20,1%), de commerçants (17,5%), de bureaucrates (6,8%), de personnel de santé (6%) et d’enseignants et de maîtres coraniques (3,8%). A cela s’ajoutait, des ouvriers (3,8%), des couturiers (3,4%), des coiffeurs (3%), des chauffeurs (2,6%), des agriculteurs et éleveurs (2,6%), des mécaniciens et garagistes (1,3%), des pêcheurs et marins (1,3%), des restaurateurs et restauratrices (1,3%) et d’autres (1,7%). Selon le statut matrimonial, 54,3% étaient des mariés, 42,7% de célibataires et 3% de divorcés. Parmi les 296 asthmatiques, 250 résidaient en milieu urbain dakarois. Les antécédents se résumaient sur les signes et les symptômes des patients avec de la toux (34%), de la dyspnée expiratoire nocturne (34%), des expectorations nummulaires (18%) et des crises d’asthme (14%). Le profil des patients asthmatiques présente une population jeune avec une prédominance féminine. In Senegal, the prevalence of asthma has not yet been assessed. The socio-demographic, epidemiological and provenance characteristics of asthmatic patients consulted at the National Hospital University Center (CHNU) remain little known. This article contributes to the knowledge of the profile of asthmatic patients admitted to the CHNU. This was a retrospective, prospective and cross-sectional, analytical wise study combining the quantitative and qualitative approach which took place from January 1999 to august 2017 at the CHNU pulmonology clinic. The study of asthmatics received in consultation. The parameters analyzed relate to the characteristics of the population studied (age, sex, profession and marital status). A total of 296 asthmatic patients, or 36.5% male versus 63.5% female, were registered with a median age of 35 years. 234 respondents to the socio-professional category variable, were made up of housewives (24.8%), pupils and students (20.1%), traders (17.5%), bureaucrats (6.8%), health personnel (6%) and koranic teachers and teachers (3.8%). In addition, workers (3.8%), dressmakers (3.4%), hairdressers (3%), drivers (2.6%), farmers and ranchers (2.6%), mechanics and mechanics (1.3%), fishermen and sailors (1.3%), restaurateurs and restorers (1.3%), and others (1.7%). According to marital status, 54.3% were married, 42.7% were single and 3% were divorced. Among the 296 asthmatics, 250 resided in an urban Dakar environment. The history was summarized by the signs and symptoms of patients with cough (34%), nocturnal expiratory dyspnea (34%), sputum (18%) and asthma attacks (14%). The profile of asthmatic patients presents a young population with a female predominance

Non-livestock value chains. Lateral thinking for the securing of the Sahelian livestock economies

In a rapid rural appraisal conducted in 2012 in the Senegalese Sahel, agropastoralists of Thiel expressed their need for technical and scientific support in peanut value chain development. Value chain analysis assessed the performance of the stakeholders. Multiple correspondence analysis clarified power relationships among them. Social network analysis facilitated the understanding of social and technical relationships inside the particular node of agropastoralists. Results show that the peanut crop is both a source of cash flow (marketing) and a pillar of food (basic consumption) and feed (by-products) security. This paper also highlights a lack of convenient economic environments, mutual assistance, capacity transfer and knowledge sharing on the best agricultural practices among agropastoralists, despite their weak production performance. Agropastoralists have no influence in the peanut value chain and are dependent on decisions from other actors. Technical support and knowledge sharing appear to be key for agropastoralists to control and adopt agricultural innovations

Mobile learning, a solution to vocational training in Senegal

This article focuses on the issue of the use of mobile technologies, especially on online Laboratories, as a support to professional development of adults in the work situation in Senegal. More specifically, how mobile learning can be a solution to access to education for nomadic professionals working specifically in the area of computer networks? This issue is at the heart of a doctoral research underway in the context of the creation of the Senegalese Virtual University (SVU) primarily to adequately solve the problem of mass enrollment in university. Index Terms—mobile learning, online laboratory, collaborative learnin

A model of computer support to mobile learning in the senegalese educational system

This article aims to present a model for mobile learning. The model is using a decentralized system with delocalized subsystems. The solution is based on the use of mobile technology and online labs. It also fits the needs of distance learning institutions (DLIs) and the virtual university recently established in Senegal. This model of learning tool mainly targets professionals on the move within the country (Senegal) or abroad. These professionals, lacking the time for in situ training, are thus given the opportunity to take courses via a learning platform using mobile devices and facilities (cell phones and tablets). Our main challenge is to provide quality service by ensuring connection and permanent availability. Senegal is the setting of the study. This article especially focuses on the technological innovations adopted. The latter are based on a detailed study and analysis (functioning, algorithm) of learners' mobility. These technologies aim to ensure, among other things, the quality and performance of the interactions that are at the foundation of the collaboration. Keywords—mobile technology, mobile learning , online laborator

Non-livestock value chains. Lateral thinking for the securing of the Sahelian livestock economies

In a rapid rural appraisal conducted in 2012 in the Senegalese Sahel, agropastoralists of Thiel expressed their need for technical and scientific support in peanut value chain development. Value chain analysis assessed the performance of the stakeholders. Multiple correspondence analysis clarified power relationships among them. Social network analysis facilitated the understanding of social and technical relationships inside the particular node of agropastoralists. Results show that the peanut crop is both a source of cash flow (marketing) and a pillar of food (basic consumption) and feed (by-products) security. This paper also highlights a lack of convenient economic environments, mutual assistance, capacity transfer and knowledge sharing on the best agricultural practices among agropastoralists, despite their weak production performance. Agropastoralists have no influence in the peanut value chain and are dependent on decisions from other actors. Technical support and knowledge sharing appear to be key for agropastoralists to control and adopt agricultural innovations