El pistachero II: Estudio fenológico y económico

10 páginas, tablas estadísticas y figuras.El pistachero es capaz de sobrevivir y dar frutos en situaciones adversas, intolerables para la mayor parte de los frutales. Sin embargo también tiene unos condicionamientos de medio bastantes específicos que limitan su posible área de cultivo, como son las necesidades en frío para cubrir adecuadamente su periodo de reposos invernal, la sincronía en la floración de machos y hembras para tener una buena polinización y sensibilidad a las heladas tardías de primavera. Con los resultados obtenidos en este trabajo y en el trabajo presentado en este VI Congreso de la SEAE “El pistachero I: Estudio de variedades en secano y en manejo ecológico”, se realiza un estudio de viabilidad económica. Se recomienda que a la hora de hacer una nueva plantación, se incluya en la misma diferentes variedades hembras y machos. Las variedades hembras con las que se han obtenido mejores resultados son: Avdat, Ashoury y Larnaka, y como polinizadores: C-especial, Askar, Nazar, Chico y Mateur. Las variedades recomendadas, tienen unas necesidades cercanas a las 1.000 horas-frío para el inicio de la actividad vegetativa y la floración es en la primera quincena de abril. En el estudio económico y considerando que sólo uno de cada tres años se obtiene producción, debido a problemas de heladas de primavera o por veceria, se pueden obtener una rentabilidad económica, a partir de los veinte años, superior a los 600 €, lo que le permite ser una buena alternativa para algunas zonas del secano españolPeer reviewe

Estacionamientos ubicatech

Actualmente, el incremento del parque automotor en la ciudad de Lima ha puesto en evidencia la falta de espacios para estacionar, lo que se acentúa en los distritos más concurridos de Lima, tales como Miraflores, San Isidros, Jesús María, Cercado, entre otros. En ese sentido, el problema radica en la dificultad que tienen los conductores de la ciudad de Lima en ubicar espacios libres para estacionar sus vehículos y que dicha operación se realice de forma segura y rápida. La investigación se sustenta en que dicho problema afecta directamente a los conductores y pasajeros, puesto que, en la búsqueda de espacios libres, se advierte una ineficiente pérdida de tiempo y de recursos (combustibles, desgaste de vehículo, entre otros). Asimismo, aquello impacta negativamente en el tránsito de la ciudad, dado que la cantidad de vehículos circulantes aumenta el tráfico en dichas zonas. Para tal efecto, la metodología utilizada es la investigación cualitativa de tipo exploratorio, la cual nos conduce a una estrategia de diferenciación enfocada a un segmento. Asimismo, las herramientas desplegadas responden a las técnicas de entrevista a profundidad, así como la de presentación del prototipo y del landing page. Como hallazgo se obtuvo que la demanda de estacionamientos es frecuente y exhaustiva, advirtiéndose un crecimiento constante de la misma, lo que incrementa el mercado objetivo. Asimismo, como resultado se evidencia que la idea de negocio cubre las necesidades de los usuarios, puesto que simplifica la búsqueda de estacionamientos libre, ahorrando tiempo y recursos. En consecuencia, Ubicatech se erige como una alternativa eficiente para facilitar la ubicación de espacios libres para estacionar, con lo que se reduciría significativamente el tiempo desperdiciado, y por consiguiente de los recursos requeridos en dicha búsqueda, asimismo, beneficiaría a los estacionamientos privados, puesto que maximizarían la utilización de sus espacios.Currently, the increase in the number of vehicles in the city of Lima has highlighted the lack of parking spaces, which is accentuated in the busiest districts of Lima, such as Miraflores, San Isidros, Jesús María, Cercado, among others. In this sense, the problem lies in the difficulty that drivers in the city of Lima have in locating free spaces to park their vehicles and that said operation is carried out safely and quickly. The research is based on the fact that this problem directly affects drivers and passengers, since, in the search for free spaces, an inefficient waste of time and resources (fuels, vehicle wear, among others) is noticed. Likewise, this has a negative impact on traffic in the city, given that the number of circulating vehicles increases traffic in these areas. For this purpose, the methodology used is qualitative research of an exploratory type, which leads us to a differentiation strategy focused on a segment. Likewise, the tools deployed respond to in-depth interview techniques, as well as the presentation of the prototype and the landing page. As a finding, it was obtained that the demand for parking is frequent and exhaustive, noting its constant growth, which increases the target market. Likewise, as a result, it is evident that the business idea meets the needs of users, since it simplifies the search for free parking, saving time and resources. Consequently, Ubicatech stands as an efficient alternative to facilitate the location of free parking spaces, which would significantly reduce the time wasted, and therefore the resources required in said search, it would also benefit private parking lots, since that would maximize the use of their spaces.Trabajo de investigació

Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of endo‐1,4‐β‐d‐mannanase produced by Thermothelomyces thermophilus DSM 33149 (Natupulse® TS/TS L) for chickens and turkeys for fattening, minor poultry species for fattening and ornamental birds (BASF SE)

Free PMC article: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9972018/Following a request from the European Commission, EFSA was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety and efficacy of endo-1,4-β-d-mannanase produced by Thermothelomyces thermophilus DSM 33149 (Natupulse® TS/TS L) as a zootechnical feed additive for chickens and turkeys for fattening, minor poultry species for fattening and ornamental birds. The additive under assessment, Natupulse® TS/TS L, does not pose any safety concern regarding the production strain. The FEEDAP Panel concluded that the additive is tolerated by chickens for fattening, and this conclusion can be extrapolated to all poultry for fattening. Due to the lack of reliable data regarding the potential of the additive to induce chromosomal damage, the FEEDAP Panel cannot conclude on the safety of the additive for the target species and on the safety for consumer. The use of the additive in animal nutrition is considered safe for the environment. The additive is considered not to be irritant to the skin and eyes but is considered a respiratory sensitiser, although exposure by inhalation is unlikely. The Panel could not conclude on the potential of the additive to be a skin sensitiser. Due to the lack of reliable data, the FEEDAP Panel considered that a potential of the additive to induce chromosomal damage in exposed unprotected users cannot be excluded. Consequently, exposure of users should be minimised. The Panel concluded that the additive Natupulse® TS/TS L has the potential to be efficacious in chickens for fattening at the proposed conditions of use and this conclusion can be extrapolated to turkeys for fattening, minor poultry species for fattening and ornamental birds.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Safety of a feed additive consisting of Duddingtonia flagrans NCIMB 30336 (BioWorma®) for all grazing animals (International Animal Health Products Pty Ltd)

Free PMC article: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10685997/Following a request from the European Commission, the Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety of a feed additive consisting of Duddingtonia flagrans NCIMB 30336 (BioWorma®) for all grazing animals. The safety and efficacy of the additive have been already assessed previously, however the FEEDAP Panel could not conclude on the safety of the additive for the target species and the consumers due to the limitations in the dataset provided. For the current assessment, the applicant submitted a new tolerance trial in dairy cows and new toxicological studies. After the assessment of the new data submitted, the FEEDAP Panel concluded that the use of the feed additive in animal nutrition under the conditions of use proposed is of no concern for dairy cows. This conclusion can be extrapolated to all dairy bovines, ovines and caprines, but not to fattening and rearing animals of those species. Due to the lack of data, the FEEDAP Panel cannot conclude on the safety of the additive for other grazing species/categories. The FEEDAP Panel concluded that the additive is safe for the consumers.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of zeolites (≥ 50%) obtained from Neapolitan Yellow Tufa for all animal species (Italiana Zeoliti s.r.l.)

Free PMC article: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10716728/Following a request from the European Commission, EFSA was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety and efficacy of zeolites (≥ 50%) obtained from Neapolitan Yellow Tufa as a technological additive (functional group: anticaking) for all animal species. The additive is specified to contain not less than 50% of zeolites, namely phillipsite, chabazite and analcime. Neapolitan Yellow Tufa originates from the volcanic activity of Campi Flegrei, Italy. According to the conventional risk assessment, due to a lack of adequate data, the safety of the additive for the target species cannot be established. Based on current knowledge, there is no indication of substantial absorption of the components of the additive and, therefore, of concern for the consumer. The additive poses a risk by inhalation. It is not irritant to the skin. The Panel cannot conclude on the eye irritancy and on the dermal and respiratory sensitisation potential of the additive. As no suitable data in line with the requirements of the Guidance on risk assessment of nanomaterials were provided by the applicant, the potential risks associated with the presence of nanoparticles for the target species, the consumer and the user could not be assessed. The additive is safe for the environment. The additive is considered to be efficacious in feedingstuffs for all animal species at 20,000 mg/kg complete feed.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of endo‐1,4‐beta‐xylanase (produced by Aspergillus oryzae DSM 33700) (RONOZYME® WX (CT/L)) for all poultry species and all Suidae (DSM nutritional products ltd)

Free PMC article: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10585426/The additive RONOZYME® WX (CT/L) contains endo-1,4-beta-xylanase produced with a genetically modified strain of the filamentous fungus Aspergillus oryzae; the additive is currently authorised for poultry for fattening, weaned piglets, pigs for fattening, lactating sows and laying hens. The applicant has requested to change the production strain, substituting strain A. oryzae DSM 26372 with A. oryzae DSM 33700, and to extend the use of the additive to all poultry species and all Suidae. RONOZYME® WX (CT/L), manufactured with the production strain A. oryzae DSM 33700, did not give rise to safety concerns with regard to the genetic modification of the production strain. No viable cells of the production strain nor its DNA were detected in an intermediate product representative of both final formulations of the additive. RONOZYME® WX (CT/L) was considered safe for all poultry species and all Suidae at the recommended inclusion levels. The use of RONOZYME® WX CT and L manufactured with the production strain A. oryzae DSM 33700 raised no concerns for consumers. RONOZYME® WX L is not an eye irritant; however, no conclusions could be drawn on the potential of RONOZYME® WX CT to be an eye irritant. Both formulations are not irritant to the skin, but due to the lack of data, the FEEDAP Panel was not able to conclude on the potential of both formulations of the additive to be skin sensitisers. Due to the proteinaceous nature of the active substance, the additive is considered a respiratory sensitiser. The additive manufactured by A. oryzae DSM 33700 raises no safety concerns for the environment. The additive has the potential to be efficacious in all poultry species and all Suidae at 100 and 200 FXU/kg complete feed, respectively.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Safety and efficacy of the feed additive consisting of protease produced by Bacillus licheniformis DSM 33099 (ProAct 360) for use in poultry species for fattening or reared for laying/breeding (DSM Nutritional Products Ltd)

Free PMC article:Following a request from the European Commission, EFSA was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety and efficacy of a protease (ProAct 360) produced by a genetically modified strain of Bacillus licheniformis (DSM 33099) as a zootechnical feed additive for poultry species for fattening or reared for laying/breeding. The production strain and its recombinant DNA were not detected in an intermediate concentrated product representative of the final formulation. The final product did not trigger a safety concern with regard to the genetic modification. The Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) concluded that ProAct 360 is considered safe for all growing poultry species at the recommended inclusion level of 30,000 NFP/kg complete feed. The use ProAct 360 as a feed additive did not give rise to concerns for the consumers or the environment. The additive is not an eye or a dermal irritant but should be considered a respiratory sensitiser. In the absence of data, no conclusions could be reached on the skin sensitisation potential of the additive. The FEEDAP Panel concluded that the additive has the potential to be efficacious at 30,000 NFP/kg complete feed for all poultry species for fattening or reared for laying/breeding.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Estudio de los diferentes parámetros agronómicos en cereal de secano

10 páginas, tablas estadísticas y figuras.La producción de cereales de secano está principalmente determinado por la pluviometría, afectando de diferentes maneras a los parámetros agronómicos de producción como: nº de espigas, peso de 1.000 granos e índice de cosecha. Estos a su vez están determinados por el manejo y los suelos. Para este estudio se han aprovechado diferentes experimentos de cereales que se desarrollan en la Finca “La Higueruela “ en Santa Olalla, Toledo que pertenece al Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) y que recogían los diferentes manejos que se pretenden estudiar. La antigüedad de algunos supera los 10 años. Los resultados indican, como era de esperar, que la climatología anual determina una gran variabilidad en los parámetros estudiados, que estos mejoran normalmente en función de las disponibilidades de nitrógeno cuando el cereal está rotación con otro cultivo, que los cereales en manejo ecológico sin aportes orgánicos externos al sistema es más productivo que el manejo convencional del monocultivo de cereal en los diez años de estudio y que los suelos franco-arenosos la productividad de la cebada queda menos afectada en los manejos ecológicos que en los suelos arcillosos, al favorecerse el reciclado de los residuos de cosecha y en cambio los suelos arcillosos da valores más altos de índice de cosecha debido a sus mayores disponibilidades hídricas.Peer reviewe

Comportamiento de la flora arvense en diferentes manejos de agricultura de conservación en cultivos herbáceos de ambientes semiáridos

6 páginas, tablas estadísticas.La flora arvense acompañante de los cultivos, evoluciona en función del manejo, produciéndose en algunos casos resistencias o simplemente cambios en sus poblaciones al favorecer el manejo algunas especies en detrimento de otras. En este trabajo se estudia durante dos años (2003 y 2004), las malas hierbas acompañantes al cultivo de cebada en diferentes manejos de suelo y rotaciones. Este estudio se realizo en un experimento con una antigüedad superior a los 20 años, donde el control de las hierbas, incluso en los años de estudio se aplico herbicidas para su control. Los resultados indican que la labor de vertedera y en rotación es el tratamiento que mejor controla la flora arvense y el no laboreo y en monocultivo donde hay mayor presencia de malas hierbas. Bromus esp. se asocia al no laboreo en monocultivo y Torilis nodosa, Lolium rigidum, al laboreo de conservación y en especial al monocultivo de cebada.Peer reviewe