An application of AHP and fuzzy entropy-TOPSIS methods to optimize upstream petroleum investment in representative African basins.

The growing demand of China for petroleum heightens the complexities and prospects in worldwide investments, necessitating refined and strategic investment approaches. Evaluating the potential of different hydrocarbon-potential areas needs more comprehensive scientific evaluation models. This study aims to establish a Comprehensive Investment Potential of Petroleum (CIPP) framework for targeted sedimentary basins by using an integrated approach that combines the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the Entropy-Weighted Fuzzy TOPSIS models. We focus particularly on representative African basins to inform strategic decision-making for the Chinese overseas petroleum enterprises. We firstly interpret the geological condition of these petroleum basins by researching multiple databases and proprietary research data. Then, we use a combined approach of ranking-classification-correlation analysis to evaluate 17 representative basins, taking into account both overall and individual key performance indicators. Our findings suggest the Illizi Basin and the Offshore Côte d'Ivoire Basin could be the most favorable for investment and development. Those like Southwest African Basin warrant cautious consideration. The new evaluation model and computational workflow offer an effective workflow for assessing multiple petroleum basins. This work provides not just practical investment strategies for companies aiming for African petroleum basins, but also a transferable methodology for optimizing investment decisions. [Abstract copyright: © 2024. The Author(s).

Pembimbingan Spiritualitas Remaja Masa Pandemi di Gereja Kristen Sumba (GKS) Pusat Waikabubak dalam Perspektif Pendampingan Pastoral

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pembimbingan spiritual remaja masa pandemi di GKS Pusat Waikabubak dalam perspektif pendampingan Pastoral. Spiritualitas berkaitan dengan motivasi hidup, nilai-nilai iman, ketekunan dan daya tahan di dalam proses kehidupan yang dijalani. Selama ini, GKS Pusat Waikabubak sudah melakukan sebuah pembimbingan yang mencakup dimensi rohani remaja lewat pemberitaan Firman Tuhan. Sejak adanya Covid-19 pelayanan ibadah mulai menurun karena anjuran pemerintah untuk menjaga jarak yang juga diterapkan oleh GKS Pusat Waikabubak. Di tengah Covid-19, keberadaan remaja juga menjadi stimulus bagi keberadaan seorang gembala dalam meneguhkan, membimbing dan mengarahkan remaja di dalam situasi pencarian makna hidup. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, remaja mengalami krisis spiritual, krisis psikologi dan krisis sosial. Hal ini terjadi karena kurangnya dorongan dari keluarga dan gereja terhadap pertumbuhan dan perkembangan spiritualitas remaja. Pembimbingan spiritual yang matang dengan landasan fungsi gereja untuk menyembuhkan dan meneguhkan remaja akan membuat remaja merasa tenang, memiliki energi spiritual dan memiliki gairah hidup. Metode yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah metode penelitian kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Temuan penelitian ini ialah remaja GKS Pusat Waikabubak sangat membutuhkan pembimbingan spiritualitas dari gereja agar menolong remaja memiliki iman yang matang dalam menghadapi kenyataan hidup. Remaja juga membutuhkan aktivitas pastoral dari pendeta sebagai ruang untuk memberdayakan remaja dalam menemukan kebermaknaan hidup dan menciptakan remaja yang memiliki spiritualitas yang kreatif di tengah kehidupan. Pendeta dapat melakukan aktivitas pastoral melalui ruang konseling pribadi kepada remaja GKS Pusat Waikabubak. ABSTRACT This study aims to describe the spiritual guidance of adolescents during the pandemic at GKS Waikabubak Center from the perspective of Pastoral assistance. Spirituality is related to life motivation, faith values, perseverance and endurance in the process of life being lived. So far, GKS Waikabubak Center has provided guidance that includes the spiritual dimension of youth through the preaching of God's Word. Since Covid-19, worship services have begun to decline due to the government's advice to keep a distance, which is also implemented by the Waikabubak GKS Center. In the midst of Covid-19, the presence of youth has also become a stimulus for the existence of a pastor in strengthening, guiding and directing youth in situations of searching for the meaning of life. Based on the results of the study, adolescents experience spiritual crises, psychological crises and social crises. This happens because of the lack of encouragement from the family and the church for the spiritual growth and development of adolescents. Mature spiritual guidance based on the function of the church to heal and strengthen youth will make youth feel calm, have spiritual energy and have a passion for life. The method used in this study is a qualitative research method with a descriptive research type. The findings of this study are that adolescents at the GKS Waikabubak Center really need spiritual guidance from the church in order to help youth have a mature faith in facing the realities of life. Teenagers also need pastoral activities from pastors as a space to empower youth to find meaning in life and create youth who have a creative spirituality in life. Priests can carry out pastoral activities through a private counseling room for youth at GKS Waikabubak Center

Estimasi Reproduction Number Model Matematika Penyebaran Malaria di Sumba Tengah, Indonesia

Malaria is transmitted via a bite of mosquitoes and it is dangerous if it is not properly treated. Mathematical modeling can be formulated to understand the disease transmission dynamics. In this paper, a mathematical model with an awareness program has been formulated and the reproduction number has been estimated against the data from Weeluri Health Center, Mamboro District, Central Sumba. The calculation showed that the reproduction number is R0 = 1.2562. Results showed that if the efficacy of the awareness program is lower than 20%, the reproduction number is still above unity. If the efficacy of the awareness program is higher than 20%, the reproduction number is lower than unity. This implies that the efficacy of awareness programs is the key to the success of Malaria eradication

FMEA and consideration of real work situations for safer design of production systems

Production equipment designers must ensure the health and safety of future users; in this regard, they augment requirements for standardising and controlling operator work. This contrasts with the ergonomic view of the activity, which recommends leaving operators leeway (margins for manoeuvre) in performing their task, while safeguarding their health. Following a brief analysis of design practices in the car industry, we detail how the Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) approach is implemented in this sector. We then suggest an adaptation that enables designers to consider real work situations. This new protocol, namely work situation FMEA, allows experience feedback to be used to defend the health standpoint during designer project reviews, which usually only address quality and performance issues. We subsequently illustrate the advantage of this approach using two examples of work situations at car parts manufacturers: the first from the literature and the second from an in-company industrial project we followed

Early diagenetic transformation stages revealed by micro-analytical studies of shelly phosphorites, Rakvere region

FurongianâTremadocian phosphorites of Estonia are sandstone rich in biogenic apatite, represented by brachiopod detritus. The study focuses on the mineralogical and micro-analytical characterisation of phosphorites from the Aseri, Toolse, and Kabala deposits based on FE-SEM and EPMA analyses. The shell fragments are composed of alternating compact and porous laminae, but with considerably poor preservation of pristine textures, superseded by the formation of authigenic CAF-apatite during the early diagenesis. In all settings, the shells showed preferential uptake of Sr into the porous cryptocrystalline laminae. The altered areas are composed of massive apatite crystallites with Mn-enriched layers. They are frequently covered with pyrite, indicating progressive recrystallisation under the influence of interstitial fluids and fluctuations in redox gradients in coastal environments

HUBUNGAN KUALITAS TIDUR DENGAN KADAR HEMOGLOBIN MAHASISWA FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNDANA

Tidur adalah keadaan saat terjadinya proses pemulihan bagi tubuh dan otak serta sangat penting terhadap pencapaian kesehatan yang optimal. Padatnya aktifitas yang dilakukan mahasiswa menyebabkan lebih mudah mengalami gangguan tidur. Gejala penting dari gangguan tidur adalah kualitas tidur yang buruk. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kualitas tidur yang buruk yaitu status kesehatan, stres psikologis, diet, gaya hidup, lingkungan dan obat-obatan. Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui hubungan kualitas tidur dengan kadar hemoglobin mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Undana. Metode dari penelitian ini menggunakan observasional analitik dengan rancangan cross sectional regresi dengan teknik pengambilan sampel stratified random sampling dan didapatkan besar sampel 64 orang. Pengambilan data primer dari pengisian kuisoner Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) dan pengambilan darah kapiler.Analisis data yang dilakukan adalah univariat dan bivariat dengan uji Chi Square. Hasil penelitian uji analisis data dengan chi squareuntuk mengetahui hubungan kualitas tidur dengan kadar hemoglobin dan didapatkan nilai p=0,00. Kesimpulan penelitian ini terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara kualitas tidur dengan kadar hemoglobin pada mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Undan

Nitrogen and organic carbon isotope record in Tremadocian highly metalliferous black shales from Baltica

Tremadocian highly metalliferous black shales and associated grey shales from the Aseri PH012B drill core (NE Estonia) in the innermost part of the Baltic Palaeobasin were targeted to record their nitrogen and organic carbon isotope variance combined with the total organic carbon and total nitrogen record. The obtained molar C/N ratios of black shales from 26 to 52 indicate a considerable loss of N compared to primary biomass. The recorded δ15N values from â2.5 to 0.2â° likely evolved due to isotopic fractionation related to N2 fixation by primary producers, superimposed by later anoxic ammonium oxidation processes within the uppermost sediments. The high net primary productivity, which controlled the accumulation of organic-rich shallow-water complexes, was fuelled by the internal cycling of P in the sea basin and combined with intensive N exchange between marine and atmospheric pools