366 research outputs found
From Statistical Detection to Decision Fusion: Detection of Underwater Mines in High Resolution SAS Images
ISBN 978-3-902613-48-6Many approaches have been proposed in underwater mine detection and classification using sonar images. The goal is to evaluate a confidence that a pixel belongs to a sought object or to the seabed. In the following, considering the object characteristics (size, reflectivity), we will always assume that the detected objects are actual mines. We propose a detection method structured as a data fusion system. This type of architecture is a smart and adaptive structure: the addition or removal of parameters is easily taken into account, without any modification of the global structure. The inputs of the proposed system are the parameters extracted from an SAS image (statistical in our case). The outputs of the system are the areas detected as potentially including an object
Enhanced and reduced atom number fluctuations in a BEC splitter
We measure atom number statistics after splitting a gas of ultracold 87Rb
atoms in a purely magnetic double-well potential created on an atom chip. Well
below the critical temperature for Bose-Einstein condensation T_c, we observe
reduced fluctuations down to -4.9dB below the atom shot noise level.
Fluctuations rise to more than +3.8dB close to T_c, before reaching the shot
noise level for higher temperatures. We use two-mode and classical field
simulations to model these results. This allows us to confirm that the
super-shot noise fluctuations directly originate from quantum statistics
Segmentation automatique d'images sonar à antenne synthétique pour la détection d'échos de mines sous-marines
Cet article présente une méthode de segmentation des images obtenues au moyen d'un sonar à antenne synthétique (SAS), afin de mettre en évidence certaines caractéristiques des échos (nombre, position, forme, ... ) des mines sous-marines, posées au fond de la mer. Cette méthode de segmentation est basée sur les caractéristiques statistiques de l'image sonar, mises en évidence par la représentation moyenne / écart-type. Elle est automatisée en utilisant un critÚre d'entropie
Projet MOPS : SystÚme dédié à l'utilisation des signaux GNSS pour l'océanographie et la surveillance de la surface de la mer
International audienceCe papier présente la réalisation d'un systÚme avancé de réception de signaux GNSS qui enregistre simultanément le signal direct issu d'un satellite et le signal réfléchi par la surface maritime. La réception des signaux est réalisée à l'aide de deux antennes localisées à une dizaine de mÚtres au dessus de la surface maritime. Cette plateforme expérimentale est constituée de plusieurs éléments : un module électronique radiofréquence RF en bande L1 (1575.42 GHz), deux convertisseurs de fréquence intermédiaire FI (70 MHz), deux modules d'acquisition et de numérisation de signaux analogiques (8 GS/s sur 10 bits et 420 MS/s sur 12 bits). Le systÚme ainsi réalisé doit permettre d'observer les fluctuations rapides et lentes de la surface de mer à petite et grande échelle avec de bonnes précisions. La constitution de cette plateforme s'inscrit dans le cadre du projet MOPS [1] porté par l'ENSTA-Bretagne, Télécom Bretagne et l'IFREMER. Ce projet est soutenu par le GIS EuropÎle Mer
Cold and Slow Molecular Beam
Employing a two-stage cryogenic buffer gas cell, we produce a cold,
hydrodynamically extracted beam of calcium monohydride molecules with a near
effusive velocity distribution. Beam dynamics, thermalization and slowing are
studied using laser spectroscopy. The key to this hybrid, effusive-like beam
source is a "slowing cell" placed immediately after a hydrodynamic, cryogenic
source [Patterson et al., J. Chem. Phys., 2007, 126, 154307]. The resulting CaH
beams are created in two regimes. One modestly boosted beam has a forward
velocity of vf = 65 m/s, a narrow velocity spread, and a flux of 10^9 molecules
per pulse. The other has the slowest forward velocity of vf = 40 m/s, a
longitudinal temperature of 3.6 K, and a flux of 5x10^8 molecules per pulse
Imagerie radar multistatique utilisant des émetteurs d'opportunité GPS
Cet article présente l'utilisation des satellites du systÚme GPS comme émetteurs radar d'opportunité pour détecter et imager des objets en mouvement sur le sol terrestre. Avec l'approche multistatique, il est possible d'avoir des images de la cible avec une résolution correcte, y compris avec des signaux bande étroite. La nature multistatique du systÚme (plusieurs émetteurs pour un récepteur) oblige à faire évoluer les techniques Radar à SynthÚse d'Ouverture Inverse (RSOI, inverse car la cible est en mouvement) jusqu'à maintenant monostatiques. Nous étudierons ici la faisabilité de ce concept
Monolithic echo-less photoconductive switches for high-resolution terahertz time-domain spectroscopy
Interdigitated photoconductive (IPC) switches are convenient sources and detectors for terahertz (THz) time domain spectroscopy. However, reflection of the emitted or detected radiation within the device substrate can lead to echoes that inherently limits the spectroscopic resolution achievable. In this work, we design and realize low-temperature-grown-GaAs (LT-GaAs) IPC switches for THz pulse generation and detection that suppresses such unwanted echoes. This is realized through a monolithic geometry of an IPC switch with a metal plane buried at a subwavelength depth below the LT-GaAs surface. Using this device as a detector, and coupling it to an echo-less IPC source, enables echo-free THz-TDS and high-resolution spectroscopy, with a resolution limited only by the temporal length of the measurement governed by the mechanical delay line used
Molecules Near Absolute Zero and External Field Control of Atomic and Molecular Dynamics
This article reviews the current state of the art in the field of cold and
ultracold molecules and demonstrates that chemical reactions, inelastic
collisions and dissociation of molecules at subKelvin temperatures can be
manipulated with external electric or magnetic fields. The creation of
ultracold molecules may allow for spectroscopy measurements with extremely high
precision and tests of fundamental symmetries of nature, quantum computation
with molecules as qubits, and controlled chemistry. The probability of chemical
reactions and collisional energy transfer can be very large at temperatures
near zero Kelvin. The collision energy of ultracold atoms and molecules is much
smaller than perturbations due to interactions with external electric or
magnetic fields available in the laboratory. External fields may therefore be
used to induce dissociation of weakly bound molecules, stimulate forbidden
electronic transitions, suppress the effect of centrifugal barriers in outgoing
reaction channels or tune Feshbach resonances that enhance chemical reactivity
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Magnetic trapping of an atomic 55Mn-52Cr mixture
Atomic manganese 55Mn and chromium 52Cr are simultaneously loaded and confined in a magnetic trap.
Using a cryogenic 3 He buffer gas, 1011 manganese and 1012 chromium atoms are trapped at an initial temperature of 600 mK. The buffer gas is then pumped away, thermally isolating the sample. The Mn-Cr interspecies inelastic rate constant is measured to be GMn,Cr=1.5s±0.2d310â13 cm3 /s.Physic
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