DE NINA A JUANA: REPRESENTAÇÕES DA ÁFRICA E DO CANDOMBLÉ, 1896-1976.

Resumo: Este artigo tenta fazer a revisão de alguns dos principais intérpre­tes do Candomblé, durante os cerca de 80 anos que separam Nina Rodri­gues e Juana Elbein dos Santos. Nina Rodrigues e Gilberto Freyre, apesar do pessimismo do primeiro e do otimismo do segundo, estão em fundamental dependência de autores europeus que estudaram a evolução do culto dos santos no Cristianismo europeu. Arthur Ramos reforça a ideia de uma “men­talidade africana”, encontrada acima de tudo nos trabalhos de antropólogos e psicanalistas. Edison Carneiro, por algum tempo discípulo de Ramos, po­rém, sobretudo, militante político, lança o projeto antisincrético que conti­nua a ser posto em prática até o dia de hoje. Roger Bastide, sob a influência de predecessores brasileiros e de teorias europeias, reafirma o paradigma do “rito nagô”, ao mesmo tempo em que consagra o “Candomblé de Salão”, entidade abstrata para ser utilizada em encontros científicos e trabalhos de afro-brasilianistas, dispensando totalmente o trabalho de campo. A esse mo­delo essencialmente livresco, Juana Elbein dos Santos acrescenta elementos em moda na Antropologia de meados do século XX. Graças à enorme di­vulgação dos seus trabalhos, a interpretação e a terminologia desta última autora tornam-se “normativas”, penetrando na doxa dos dicionários, dos manuais, da mídia e das pós-graduações. Palavras-Chave: Candomblé. Mentalidade. Africanismo

DE NINA A JUANA: REPRESENTAÇÕES DA ÁFRICA E DO CANDOMBLÉ, 1896-1976.

Resumo: Este artigo tenta fazer a revisão de alguns dos principais intérpre­tes do Candomblé, durante os cerca de 80 anos que separam Nina Rodri­gues e Juana Elbein dos Santos. Nina Rodrigues e Gilberto Freyre, apesar do pessimismo do primeiro e do otimismo do segundo, estão em fundamental dependência de autores europeus que estudaram a evolução do culto dos santos no Cristianismo europeu. Arthur Ramos reforça a ideia de uma “men­talidade africana”, encontrada acima de tudo nos trabalhos de antropólogos e psicanalistas. Edison Carneiro, por algum tempo discípulo de Ramos, po­rém, sobretudo, militante político, lança o projeto antisincrético que conti­nua a ser posto em prática até o dia de hoje. Roger Bastide, sob a influência de predecessores brasileiros e de teorias europeias, reafirma o paradigma do “rito nagô”, ao mesmo tempo em que consagra o “Candomblé de Salão”, entidade abstrata para ser utilizada em encontros científicos e trabalhos de afro-brasilianistas, dispensando totalmente o trabalho de campo. A esse mo­delo essencialmente livresco, Juana Elbein dos Santos acrescenta elementos em moda na Antropologia de meados do século XX. Graças à enorme di­vulgação dos seus trabalhos, a interpretação e a terminologia desta última autora tornam-se “normativas”, penetrando na doxa dos dicionários, dos manuais, da mídia e das pós-graduações. Palavras-Chave: Candomblé. Mentalidade. Africanismo

Signatures of Double Charged Higgs in SU(3)L⊗U(1)NSU(3)_L\otimes U(1)_N model

The scalar sector of the simplest version of the 3-3-1 electroweak models is constructed with three Higgs triplets only. We show that a relation involving two of the constants of the Higgs potential, two vacuum expectation values of the neutral scalars and the mass of the doubly charged Higgs boson leads to important information concerning the signals of this scalar particle.Comment: 6 pages and 9 figure

Expression and cellular localization of molecules of the gp82 family in Trypanosoma cruzi metacyclic trypomastigotes

A member of the Trypanosoma cruzi gp82 family, expressed on metacyclic trypomastigote surface and identified by monoclonal antibody (MAb) 3F6, plays a key role in host cell invasion. Apart from the gp82 defined by MAb 3F6, no information is available on members of this protein family. From cDNA clones encoding gp82 proteins sharing 59.1% sequence identity, we produced the recombinant proteins J18 and C03, the former containing and the latter lacking the epitope for MAb 3F6. Polyclonal antibodies to J18 and C03 proteins were generated and used, along with MAb 3F6, to analyze the expression and cellular localization of gp82 family members in metacyclic forms of CL and G strains, which belong to highly divergent genetic groups. By two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting, molecules of 82 to 86 kDa, focusing at pH 4.6 to 5.4, and molecules of 72 to 88 kDa, focusing at pH 4.9 to 5.7, were visualized in CL and G strains, respectively. Flow cytometry and microscopic analysis revealed in both strains similar expression of MAb 3F6-reactive gp82 in live and permeabilized parasites, indicating its surface localization. the reaction of live parasites of both strains with anti-J18 antibodies was weaker than with MAb 3F6 and was increased by permeabilization. Anti-C03 antibodies bound predominantly to flagellar components in permeabilized G strain parasites, but in the CL strain the flagellum was not the preferential target for these antibodies. Host cell invasion of metacyclic forms was inhibited by J18 protein, as well as by MAb 3F6 and anti-J18 antibodies, but not by C03 protein or anti-C03 antibodies.Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Microbiol, BR-04023062 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Microbiol, BR-04023062 São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Nutritional evaluation and food intake of celiac disease patients compliant or not with a gluten-free diet

OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the nutritional status and intakes of energy and macronutrients of celiac disease patients compliant or not with a gluten-free diet. METHODS: We studied 63 patients with celiac disease, 34 children and 29 adolescents. Noncompliance with a gluten-free diet was characterized by detection of antibodies to tissue transglutaminase in serum by recombinant human tissue transglutaminase antigen. Nutritional status was classified according to the weight-for-age, height-for-age, and body mass index Z-scores. Dietary intake was assessed by a 24-hour recall. RESULTS: The percentages of children and adolescents noncompliant with a gluten-free diet were 41.2% and 34.5%, respectively. Noncompliant children had a lower mean height-for-age Z-score than compliant children (p=0.024). However, noncompliant children had higher mean body mass index Z-score than compliant children (p=0.021). On the other hand, compliant adolescents had higher BMI than noncompliant adolescents (p=0.037). The food intake between the groups did not differ, but the energy intakes of 70.0% of the children and adolescents exceeded 120.0% of their requirements. CONCLUSION: Children who do not comply with a gluten-free diet have lower height-for-age Z-scores and higher body mass index Z-scores than children who comply. Compliant adolescents have a higher mean body mass index than noncompliant adolescents. High energy intake was observed in both children and adolescents.OBJETIVO: Avaliar o estado nutricional e a ingestão de energia e de macronutrientes de pacientes com diagnóstico de doença celíaca que transgrediam ou não a dieta isenta de glúten. MÉTODOS: Foram estudados 63 pacientes com doença celíaca: 34 crianças e 29 adolescentes. Transgressão à dieta isenta de glúten foi caracterizada por meio da dosagem sérica do anticorpo antitransglutaminase tissular recombiante humana. O estado nutricional foi avaliado com base nos escores-Z de peso/idade, estatura/idade e no índice de massa corporal. A ingestão alimentar foi avaliada por meio do inquérito alimentar de 24 horas. RESULTADOS: A transgressão à dieta sem glúten foi constatada em 41,2% das crianças e em 34,5% dos adolescentes. Nas crianças com transgressão alimentar, a média do escore-Z de estatura/idade foi inferior à das crianças do grupo que não transgredia (p=0,024). Todavia, o grupo com transgressão apresentou maior escore-Z do índice de massa corporal em relação aos que não transgrediam (p=0,021). Os adolescentes que não transgrediam apresentaram maior índice de massa corporal quando comparados aos que transgrediam a dieta (p=0,037). Em relação à ingestão alimentar, não se observou diferença estatística entre os grupos. Todavia, cerca de 70,0% das crianças e adolescentes apresentaram consumo de energia acima de 120,0% da recomendação. CONCLUSÃO: As crianças que transgrediam a dieta apresentaram menor escore-Z de estatura/idade e maior escore-Z para índice de massa corporal do que crianças que seguem sem transgressões alimentares. Os adolescentes que não transgrediam a dieta apresentaram maior média de índice de massa corporal quando comparados aos que transgrediam a dieta. Consumo energético elevado foi observado tanto nas crianças quanto nos adolescentes.Instituto Federal de Ouro PretoUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de Medicina Departamento de PediatriaUNIFESP, EPM, Depto. de PediatriaSciEL

Possibilities for charged Higgs bosons at the LHC in a SU(3)_L\otimesU(1)_N Model

We have studied the branching ratios of doubly charged Higgs bosons at the LHC using a version of the SU(3)_L\otimesU(1)_N electroweak model. At the end of this work we have made a very simple plotting comparating the total cross section of this model using Drell-Yan, gluon-gluon fusion and Left-right symmetric model.Comment: Talk given at 18th International IUPAP Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics (FB18), Santos, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 21-26 Aug 200

Alpha proteobacterial ancestry of the [Fe-Fe]-hydrogenases in anaerobic eukaryotes

Eukaryogenesis, a major transition in evolution of life, originated from the symbiogenic fusion of an archaea with a metabolically versatile bacterium. By general consensus, the latter organism belonged to α proteobacteria, subsequently evolving into the mitochondrial organelle of our cells. The consensus is based upon genetic and metabolic similarities between mitochondria and aerobic α proteobacteria but fails to explain the origin of several enzymes found in the mitochondria-derived organelles of anaerobic eukaryotes such as Trichomonas and Entamoeba. These enzymes are thought to derive from bacterial lineages other than α proteobacteria, e.g., Clostridium - an obligate anaerobe. [FeFe]-hydrogenase constitues the characteristic enzyme of this anaerobic metabolism and is present in different types also in Entamoeba and other anaerobic eukaryotes. Here we show that α proteobacteria derived from metagenomic studies possess both the cytosolic and organellar type of [FeFe]-hydrogenase, as well as all the proteins required for hydrogenase maturation. These organisms are related to cultivated members of the Rhodospirillales order previously suggested to be close relatives of mitochondrial ancestors. For the first time, our evidence supports an α proteobacterial ancestry for both the anaerobic and the aerobic metabolism of eukaryotes. Reviewers: This article was reviewed by William Martin and Nick Lane, both suggested by the Authors. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13062-016-0136-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users

Searching for doubly charged Higgs bosons at the LHC in a 3-3-1 Model

Using a peculiar version of the SU(3)L x U(1)N electroweak model, we investigate the production of doubly charged Higgs boson at the Large Hadron Collider. Our results include branching ratio calculations for the doubly charged Higgs and for one of the neutral scalar bosons of the model.Comment: 19 pages, 3 figure

Co-infection with Trypanosoma cruzi protects mice against early death by neurological or pulmonary disorders induced by Plasmodium berghei ANKA

Objective: the objective of this study was to investigate whether the infection of C57BL/ 6 mice by P. berghei ANKA, which causes severe malaria, was modulated by co-infection with Trypanosoma cruzi.Methods: Groups of C57BL/ 6 mice were infected either with P. berghei ANKA, T. cruzi strain G, or with both parasites. the presence of parasites was checked by microscopic examination of blood samples. Symptoms of neurological or respiratory disorders, as well as mortality, were registered. Breakdown of the blood brain barrier was determined by injecting the dye Evans blue. Histological sections of the lung were prepared and stained with hematoxilin-eosin.Results: All mice infected only with P. berghei ANKA died within 7-11 days post-infection, either with symptoms of cerebral malaria or with respiratory abnormalities. the animals co- infected with T. cruzi strain G survived longer, without any of the referred to symptoms. Protection against the early death by severe malaria was effective when mice were given T. cruzi 15 days before P. berghei inoculation. Breakdown of the blood brain barrier and extensive pulmonary oedema, caused by malaria parasites, were much less pronounced in co- infected mice. the degree of protection to severe malaria and early death, conferred by co- infection with T. cruzi, was comparable to that conferred by treatment with anti-CD8 antibodies.Conclusion: Co-infection with T. cruzi protects C57BL/ 6 against the early death by malaria infection, by partially preventing either the breakdown of the blood brain, and cerebral malaria as a consequence, or the pulmonary oedema.Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Parasitol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Morfol, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Estadual Campinas, Inst Biol, Dept Parasitol, Campinas, SP, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Parasitol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Morfol, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc