Valoración del riesgo agropecuario e informe de avance en el desarrollo de un sistema para su evaluación

El empresario agropecuario requiere de una herramienta amigable para la evaluación del riesgo al que está expuesta la empresa y la que surge de los planes que se formulen. Se analiza el concepto de riesgo, identificando sus efectos nivel y variabilidad, y se informa sobre un sistema en desarrollo utilizando métodos ágiles que genera el diseño de un modelo probabilístico a través de la Simulación Montecarlo. Finalmente se aplican los conceptos descriptos a un caso de planeamiento mediante un prototipo de dicho modelo, con el fin de mostrar la potencialidad de la herramienta, y se analizan los resultados obtenidos. Estos se presentan en forma de histogramas que ilustran acerca de la probabilidad de obtener cada nivel de resultado.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativ

Evaluation of innovation opportunities in productive systems of beef with simulation models

Simulation models are complementary tools to fieldwork that facilitate the integration of different information and diverse agricultural processes allowing the study of their interactions and the evolution of the impact of changes in the global system. The effectiveness of simulation models as a decision support tool has been questioned, but its exponential use in the international scenario to assess opportunities for livestock innovation in a context where each time it is essential to relate not only the productive, economic and social aspects, but the implications of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in a context of climate change. In this context, and being Latin America, with great weight in South America, supplier of 23% of the world beef production (and growing) and world leader in meat exports, it needs locally appropriate models to analyze the economic, social and environmental trade-offs of different alternatives potentially applicable to their systems. Therefore, this presentation has two main objectives: objective 1 aims to show some specific experiences of technology evaluations with simulation models for vaccine breeding systems of a particular region of Argentina, reflecting on difficulties, limitations and strategies developed for such an end objective 2 aims to analyze the recent history of publication (period 1990-2015) on the development of livestock simulation models in South America, in order to detect qualitative and quantitative references on the progress in the subject

Desarrollo de una calculadora nutricional de engorde vacuno para el apoyo de la docencia investigación y la extensión

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo presentar desarrollo de un sistema informático que representa de modo simplificado los principales factores de la nutrición de vacunos de engorde, con capacidades potenciales para su uso en apoyo de la docencia, la extensión y la investigación. Se desarrolla su lógica, se fundamenta sus componentes, y se ejemplifica su uso con un caso puntual. En el mismo se explican los datos requeridos al usuario y las posibles salidas a través de tablas y gráficos. Finalmente se discute su uso actual y potencial en diferentes aplicaciones.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativ

The role of Tyr(605) and Ala(607) of thimet oligopeptidase and Tyr(606) and Gly(608) of neurolysin in substrate hydrolysis and inhibitor binding

The physicochemical properties of TOP (thimet oligopeptidase) and NEL (neurolysin) and their hydrolytic activities towards the FRET (fluorescence resonance energy transfer) peptide series AbzGFSXFRQ-EDDnp [where Abz is o-aminobenzoyl; X = Ala, Ile, Leu, Phe, Tyr, Trp, Ser, Gln, Glu, His, Arg or Pro; and EDDnp is N-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-ethylenediamine] were compared with those of site-mutated analogues. Mutations at Tyr(605) and Ala(607) in TOP and at Tyr(606) and Gly(608) in NEL did not affect the overall folding of the two peptidases, as indicated by their thermal stability, CD analysis and the pH-dependence of the intrinsic fluorescence of the protein. the kinetic parameters for the hydrolysis of substrates with systematic variations at position P-1 showed that Tyr(605) and Tyr(606) of TOP and NEL respectively, played a role in subsite S-1. Ala(607) of TOP and Gly(608) of NEL contributed to the flexibility of the loops formed by residues 600-612 (GHLAGGYDGQYYG; one-letter amino acid codes used) in NEL and 599-611 (GHLAGGYDAQYYG; one-letter amino acid codes used) in TOP contributing to the distinct substrate specificities, particularly with an isoleucine residue at P-1. TOP Y605A was inhibited less efficiently by JA-2 {N-[1-(R,S)-carboxy-3-phenylpropyl]Ala-Aib-Tyr-p-aminobenzoate}, which suggested that the aromatic ring of Ty,105 was an important anchor for its interaction with wild-type TOP. the hydroxy groups of Tyr 605 and Tyr.. did not contribute to the pH-activity profiles, since the pKs obtained in the assays of mutants TOP Y605F and NEL Y606F were similar to those of wild-type peptidases. However, the pH-k(cat)/K-m dependence curve of TOP Y605A differed from that of wild-type TOP and from TOP Y606F. These results provide insights into the residues involved in the substrate specificities of TOP and NEL and how they select cytosolic peptides for hydrolysis.Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Biofis, BR-04044020 São Paulo, BrazilInst Butantan, Lab Especial Toxinol Aplicada, CAT, CEPID, BR-05467010 São Paulo, BrazilUniv São Paulo, Inst Ciencias Biomed, Dept Biol Celular & Desenvolvimento, Programa Biol Celular, BR-05508900 São Paulo, BrazilUniv São Paulo, Lab Neurociencias, BR-03071000 São Paulo, BrazilUniv Mogi das Cruzes, CIIB, BR-08780911 Mogi Das Cruzes, SP, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Biofis, BR-04044020 São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Functional coupling of sensorimotor and associative areas during a catching ball task: a qEEG coherence study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Catching an object is a complex movement that involves not only programming but also effective motor coordination. Such behavior is related to the activation and recruitment of cortical regions that participates in the sensorimotor integration process. This study aimed to elucidate the cortical mechanisms involved in anticipatory actions when performing a task of catching an object in free fall.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) was recorded using a 20-channel EEG system in 20 healthy right-handed participants performed the catching ball task. We used the EEG coherence analysis to investigate subdivisions of alpha (8-12 Hz) and beta (12-30 Hz) bands, which are related to cognitive processing and sensory-motor integration.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Notwithstanding, we found the main effects for the factor block; for alpha-1, coherence decreased from the first to sixth block, and the opposite effect occurred for alpha-2 and beta-2, with coherence increasing along the blocks.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>It was concluded that to perform successfully our task, which involved anticipatory processes (i.e. feedback mechanisms), subjects exhibited a great involvement of sensory-motor and associative areas, possibly due to organization of information to process visuospatial parameters and further catch the falling object.</p

Revisión y análisis de técnicas y métodos computacionales para la evaluación de la condición corporal en vacas

BCS (del inglés "Body Condition Score") es un método que permite estimar la grasa corporal como indicador del status energético de las vacas. El monitoreo de esta variable es muy importante porque influye en la producción de leche, reproducción y salud de las vacas. El BCS se evalúa visualmente con la intervención de personal calificado, y puede estar sujeto a variaciones entre operadores. Para minimizar esta variación y disponer de más agilidad durante el registro de los valores, en la bibliografía se encuentran diferentes trabajos que la automatizan total o parcialmente aplicando técnicas de análisis de imágenes y aprendizaje máquina. En este documento se analizan dichos trabajos, señalando las principales ventajas y desventajas, que derivan en la identificación de oportunidades de investigación y desarrollo de nuevas alternativas que mejoren el tiempo de respuesta y precisión de las estimaciones.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativa (SADIO

Revisión y análisis de técnicas y métodos computacionales para la evaluación de la condición corporal en vacas

BCS (del inglés "Body Condition Score") es un método que permite estimar la grasa corporal como indicador del status energético de las vacas. El monitoreo de esta variable es muy importante porque influye en la producción de leche, reproducción y salud de las vacas. El BCS se evalúa visualmente con la intervención de personal calificado, y puede estar sujeto a variaciones entre operadores. Para minimizar esta variación y disponer de más agilidad durante el registro de los valores, en la bibliografía se encuentran diferentes trabajos que la automatizan total o parcialmente aplicando técnicas de análisis de imágenes y aprendizaje máquina. En este documento se analizan dichos trabajos, señalando las principales ventajas y desventajas, que derivan en la identificación de oportunidades de investigación y desarrollo de nuevas alternativas que mejoren el tiempo de respuesta y precisión de las estimaciones.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativa (SADIO

Grouping crossbred Holstein x Gyr heifers according to different feed efficiency indexes and its effects on energy and nitrogen partitioning, blood metabolic variables and gas exchanges.

The objectives of this study were: i) to classify animals into groups of high and low feed efficiency (FE) using three FE indexes (Residual feed intake (RFI), Residual weight gain (RG) and Feed conversion efficiency (FCE)), and ii) to evaluate whether crossbreed Holstein x Gyr heifers divergent for FE indexes exhibit differences in nutrient intake and digestibility, energy partitioning, heat production, methane emissions, nitrogen partitioning and blood parameters. Thirty-five heifers were housed in a tie-stall, received ad libitum TMR (75:25, corn silage: concentrate) and were ranked and classified into high (HE) or low efficiency (LE) for RFI, RG and FCE. The number of animals for each HE group were 13 ( 0.5 SD) and for the LE were 10 (> 0.5 SD) for RFI, 11 for RG and 12 for FCE (< 0.5 SD). Gas exchanges (O2 consumption, CO2 and CH4 production) in open-circuit respiratory chambers and whole tract digestibility trial was performed. A completely randomized experimental design was used and the data were analyzed by ANOVA and correlation study. High efficiency animals for RFI produced less CO2, consumed less O2 and had lower heat production (HP). Methane production was positively correlated with RFI. High efficiency RG had higher O2 consumption and CO2 production in relation to LE-RG. High efficiency FCE had greater NFC digestibility, higher positive energy balance (EB) and excreted (11.4 g/d) less nitrogen in urine. High efficiency RG and FCE groups emitted less CH4 per kg of weight gain than LE animals. Animals HE for RFI and FCE had lower &#946;-hydroxybutyrate and higher glucose concentrations, respectively. The differences in intake, digestibility, energy and nitrogen partition, CH4 emission, blood metabolic variables and heat production between the HE and LE groups varied according to the efficiency indexes adopted. The HP (kcal/d/BW0.75) was lower for HE animals for RFI and FCE indexes