Proteomic analysis of 14-3-3 zeta binding proteins in the mouse hippocampus.

14-3-3 proteins are ubiquitous molecular chaperones with important roles in brain development and neuronal function. Altered expression of 14-3-3 proteins has been reported in several neurologic and neurodegenerative disorders and identifying 14-3-3 binding proteins may provide important insights into the physiologic and pathophysiologic roles of these proteins. Particular interest has emerged on 14-3-3 zeta (ζ) in the setting of neuronal injury because reducing 14-3-3ζ levels triggers an endoplasmic reticulum stress-like response in neurons and increases vulnerability to excitotoxicity. Here we examined the subcellular distribution of 14-3-3ζ in the mouse hippocampus. We then used recombinant His-tagged 14-3-3ζ to pull-down interacting proteins from the mouse hippocampus followed by identification by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. 14-3-3ζ protein was present in the cytoplasm, microsomal compartment, nucleus and mitochondrial fractions of the mouse hippocampus. Recombinant 14-3-3ζ eluted 13 known 14-3-3 binding partners, including three other 14-3-3 isoforms, and 16 other proteins which have not previously been reported to bind 14-3-3ζ. The present study identifies potentially novel 14-3-3ζ binding proteins and contributes to defining the 14-3-3ζ interactome in the mouse brain

Palliative Care Posters - 2019

Palliative Care Posters - 2019https://scholarlycommons.libraryinfo.bhs.org/research_education/1009/thumbnail.jp

Summary from an international cancer seminar focused on human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive oropharynx cancer, convened by scientists at IARC and NCI

Cancer of the oropharynx has attracted considerable attention in recent years given: (1) an increasing incidence in selected populations over the past three decades; (2) the discovery of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection as the driver of the increase, as opposed to the traditional risk factors such as tobacco (smoking and chewing) and alcohol; and (3) the promise of new prevention and treatment strategies. As a result of such developments, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and the US National Cancer Institute (NCI), convened the fourth Cancer Seminar meeting in November 2018 to focus on this topic. This report summarizes the proceedings: a review of recent science on the descriptive epidemiology, etiology, biology, genetics, early detection, pathology and treatment of HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancer, and the formulation of key research questions to be addressed

Particulate matter exposure during pregnancy is associated with birth weight, but not gestational age, 1962-1992: a cohort study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Exposure to air pollutants is suggested to adversely affect fetal growth, but the evidence remains inconsistent in relation to specific outcomes and exposure windows.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Using birth records from the two major maternity hospitals in Newcastle upon Tyne in northern England between 1961 and 1992, we constructed a database of all births to mothers resident within the city. Weekly black smoke exposure levels from routine data recorded at 20 air pollution monitoring stations were obtained and individual exposures were estimated via a two-stage modeling strategy, incorporating temporally and spatially varying covariates. Regression analyses, including 88,679 births, assessed potential associations between exposure to black smoke and birth weight, gestational age and birth weight standardized for gestational age and sex.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Significant associations were seen between black smoke and both standardized and unstandardized birth weight, but not for gestational age when adjusted for potential confounders. Not all associations were linear. For an increase in whole pregnancy black smoke exposure, from the 1^st(7.4 μg/m³) to the 25^th(17.2 μg/m³), 50^th(33.8 μg/m³), 75^th(108.3 μg/m³), and 90^th(180.8 μg/m³) percentiles, the adjusted estimated decreases in birth weight were 33 g (SE 1.05), 62 g (1.63), 98 g (2.26) and 109 g (2.44) respectively. A significant interaction was observed between socio-economic deprivation and black smoke on both standardized and unstandardized birth weight with increasing effects of black smoke in reducing birth weight seen with increasing socio-economic disadvantage.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The findings of this study progress the hypothesis that the association between black smoke and birth weight may be mediated through intrauterine growth restriction. The associations between black smoke and birth weight were of the same order of magnitude as those reported for passive smoking. These findings add to the growing evidence of the harmful effects of air pollution on birth outcomes.</p

Alcohol drinking and head and neck cancer risk: the joint effect of intensity and duration

Background: Alcohol is a well-established risk factor for head and neck cancer (HNC). This study aims to explore the effect of alcohol intensity and duration, as joint continuous exposures, on HNC risk. Methods: Data from 26 case-control studies in the INHANCE Consortium were used, including never and current drinkers who drunk ≤10 drinks/day for ≤54 years (24234 controls, 4085 oral cavity, 3359 oropharyngeal, 983 hypopharyngeal and 3340 laryngeal cancers). The dose-response relationship between the risk and the joint exposure to drinking intensity and duration was investigated through bivariate regression spline models, adjusting for potential confounders, including tobacco smoking. Results: For all subsites, cancer risk steeply increased with increasing drinks/day, with no appreciable threshold effect at lower intensities. For each intensity level, the risk of oral cavity, hypopharyngeal and laryngeal cancers did not vary according to years of drinking, suggesting no effect of duration. For oropharyngeal cancer, the risk increased with durations up to 28 years, flattening thereafter. The risk peaked at the higher levels of intensity and duration for all subsites (odds ratio = 7.95 for oral cavity, 12.86 for oropharynx, 24.96 for hypopharynx and 6.60 for larynx). Conclusions: Present results further encourage the reduction of alcohol intensity to mitigate HNC risk

Supp_Fig_2 - A Quality Improvement Initiative to Improve Medication Management in an Acute Care for Elders Program Through Integration of a Clinical Pharmacist

<p>Supp_Fig_2 for A Quality Improvement Initiative to Improve Medication Management in an Acute Care for Elders Program Through Integration of a Clinical Pharmacist by Tasmiah P. Chowdhury, Rebecca Starr, Maura Brennan, Alexander Knee, Mike Ehresman, Lalitha Velayutham, Alexander J. Malanowski, Heidi-Ann Courtney, and Mihaela S. Stefan in Journal of Pharmacy Practice</p

Supp_figure_1 - A Quality Improvement Initiative to Improve Medication Management in an Acute Care for Elders Program Through Integration of a Clinical Pharmacist

<p>Supp_figure_1 for A Quality Improvement Initiative to Improve Medication Management in an Acute Care for Elders Program Through Integration of a Clinical Pharmacist by Tasmiah P. Chowdhury, Rebecca Starr, Maura Brennan, Alexander Knee, Mike Ehresman, Lalitha Velayutham, Alexander J. Malanowski, Heidi-Ann Courtney, and Mihaela S. Stefan in Journal of Pharmacy Practice</p

supplemental_table_1 - A Quality Improvement Initiative to Improve Medication Management in an Acute Care for Elders Program Through Integration of a Clinical Pharmacist

<p>supplemental_table_1 for A Quality Improvement Initiative to Improve Medication Management in an Acute Care for Elders Program Through Integration of a Clinical Pharmacist by Tasmiah P. Chowdhury, Rebecca Starr, Maura Brennan, Alexander Knee, Mike Ehresman, Lalitha Velayutham, Alexander J. Malanowski, Heidi-Ann Courtney, and Mihaela S. Stefan in Journal of Pharmacy Practice</p