Auditory Processing Deficits in Mouse Models of Developmental Disorders

BXSB/MpJ-Yaa mice are a model of neurodevelopmental disorders where some animals have cortical malformations, called ectopia. Mice with ectopias are impaired at detecting short gaps in noise compared to the mice without ectopias both behaviourally and neurally in auditory thalamus (Anderson & Linden, 2016; Clark, et al., 2000; Frenkel et al., 2000). We made auditory brainstem recordings (ABRs) and extracellular recordings in the inferior colliculus (IC). Central IC cells were found to have shorter gap-detection thresholds in ectopic compared to non-ectopic mice. ABRs suggest there is no difference between auditory processing in early area of the auditory pathway. Histological analysis suggests the deficit does not arise in auditory cortex or thalamus. So the deficit appears to arise in the IC or between IC and thalamus. Additionally, we investigate auditory processing in KO mice for two genes associated with the neurodevelopmental disorder, dyslexia. We performed ABRs on these mice and found suprathreshold changes in some ABR waves which appears to be more severe in a KO mouse for both candidate genes. So in some animal models of neurodevelopmental disorders deficits in auditory processing can arise early in the auditory pathway below the level of IC

Letter from A.H. Mattley to James B. Finley

At the request of Virginian D.I. Burr, Mattley sent Finley 426 copies of a review of Garrison (William L. Garrison, abolitionist, opposed to American Colonization Society) and others. It was Burr\u27s intention that Finley give them to the officers of any Colonization Society that might apply for them. Abstract Number - 144https://digitalcommons.owu.edu/finley-letters/1142/thumbnail.jp

Refractometry of organosilica microspheres

The refractive index of novel organosilica (nano/micro)material is determined using two methods. The first method is based on analysis of optical extinction efficiency of organosilica beads versus wavelength, which is obtained by a standard laboratory spectrometer. The second method relies on the measurable trapping potential of these beads in the focused light beam (laser tweezers). Polystyrene beads were used to test these methods, and the determined dispersion curves of refractive index values have been found accurate. The refractive index of organosilica beads has been determined to range from 1.60-1.51 over the wavelength range of 300-1100 nm.Comment: 9 pages, 8 figure

Hypochromicity in red blood cells: an experimental and theoretical investigation

Multiwavelength UV-visible transmission spectrophotometry is a useful tool for the examination of micron-size particle suspensions in the context of particle size and chemical composition. This paper reports the reliability of this method to characterize the spectra of purified red blood cells both in their physiological state and with modified hemoglobin content. Previous studies have suggested the contribution of hypochromism on the particle spectra caused by the close electronic interaction of the encapsulated chromophores. Our research shows, however, that this perceived hypochromism can be accounted for by considering two important issues: the acceptance angle of the instrument and the combined scattering and absorption effect of light on the particles. In order to establish these ideas, spectral analysis was performed on purified and modified red cells where the latter was accomplished with a modified hypotonic shock protocol that altered the hemoglobin concentration within the cells. Moreover, the Mie theory was used to successfully simulate the spectral features and trends of the red cells. With this combination of experimental and theoretical exploration, definition of hypochromism has been extended to two subcategories

Spectrophotometric method and apparatus for the cross-matching of platelets

A method and apparatus for characterizing the type of a blood sample and a variety of blood components are provided wherein a transmission spectrum of the sample is collected over a predetermined wavelength range. For blood typing, this spectrum is then compared with a set of control spectra collected from control blood samples having known blood types, from which the type of the blood sample can be determined. Further methods and apparatus are provided for determining the viability of and for cross matching a platelet unit Additional method and apparatus permit analysis of the sample for the presence of a contaminant, Particles can also be counted in the sample, even when present in low concentrations, including white blood cell

Spectrophotometric method for determining the viability of a sample containing platelets

A method and apparatus for characterizing the type of a blood sample and a variety of blood components are provided wherein a transmission spectrum of the sample is collected over a predetermined wavelength range. For blood typing, this spectrum is then compared with a set of control spectra collected from control blood samples having known blood types, from which the type of the blood sample can be determined. Further methods and apparatus are provided for determining the viability of and for cross matching a platelet unit. Additional method and apparatus permit analysis of the sample for the presence of a contaminant. Particles can also be counted in the sample, even when present in low concentrations, including white blood cell

Spectrophotometric system and method for the identification and characterization of a particle in a bodily fluid

An infectious disease or disorder in a fluid, such as a mammalian blood sample, is detected by taking a transmission spectrum of a test sample in at least a portion of the ultraviolet visible near-infrared and comparing the spectrum with a standard sample spectrum. From the comparison it is then determined whether the fluid from the test sample contains an infectious disease or disorder, and an identity of the infectious disease or disorder is determined. Spectroscopic and multiwavelength turbidimetry techniques provide a rapid, inexpensive, and convenient means for diagnosis. The comparison and determination steps may be performed visually or by spectral deconvolution