Investigation of localized deformation in partially saturated sand under triaxial compression using microfocus X-ray CT with digital image correlation

AbstractIn this paper, localized deformation in partially saturated sand was investigated quantitatively using microfocus X-ray computed tomography (CT) and an image analysis of the CT images. Triaxial compression tests on a partially saturated dense Toyoura sand specimen were carried out under a low confining pressure and under drained conditions for both air and water. The development of localized deformation was observed macroscopically using microfocus X-ray CT, and the displacement field over the entire specimen was quantified by an image analysis of the CT images with the digital image correlation (DIC) technique. The progressive development of shear bands is discussed with reference to these images. In addition, the region of localization was observed microscopically by partial CT scanning on a micron scale with high spatial resolution. Changes in the particulate structures are also discussed herein. The DIC image analysis of the partial CT images provided a microscopic displacement field and indicated that very fine localized shear deformation developed before the shear bands had become visible in the macroscopic investigation

Classification of Inhibitors of Hepatic Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptides (OATPs): Influence of Protein Expression on Drug–Drug Interactions

ABSTRACT: The hepatic organic anion transporting poly-peptides (OATPs) influence the pharmacokinetics of several drug classes and are involved in many clinical drug−drug interactions. Predicting potential interactions with OATPs is, therefore, of value. Here, we developed in vitro and in silico models for identification and prediction of specific and general inhibitors of OATP1B1, OATP1B3, and OATP2B1. The maximal transport activity (MTA) of each OATP in human liver was predicted from transport kinetics and protein quantification. We then used MTA to predict the effects of a subset of inhibitors on atorvastatin uptake in vivo. Using a data set of 225 drug-like compounds, 91 OATP inhibitors were identified. In silico models indicated that lipophilicity and polar surface area are key molecular features of OATP inhibition. MTA predictions identified OATP1B1 and OATP1B3 as major determinants of atorvastatin uptake in vivo. The relative contributions to overall hepatic uptake varied with isoform specificities of the inhibitors

An Evaluation of the Pendulum Technique of Electron Beam Therapy

Electron beam therapy of lesions such as cutaneous metastatic carcinoma and reticulum cell sarcoma is performed via multiple portals for a wide irradiation field. However, the dose distribution in border areas is generally uneven, resulting in hot and cold dose areas depending on the intervals of the portals. We performed electron irradiation by the pendulum technique, especially on curved areas, and evaluated the technique in various respects. Pendulum electron beam irradiation is indicated when the length of the cone must be reduced in order to deliver the target volume near the skin surface as well as to avoid the occurrence of hot spots deep in the body. We prepared a 15cm rotating cone by cutting a 30cm fixed irradiation cone. The modification posed no disadvantages in terms of extent and flatness of the beam, or stability during rotation. After determining the relationship between the rotation speed and the dose, the technique was successfully applied to a patient with adult T-cell lymphoma, at a total of 3000cGy

Comparison of CT image of basal ganglia calcification with clinical symptoms

We investigated the relationship between the frequency of basal ganglia calcification appearing in CT scans and clinical symptoms in 3,599 patients. Basal ganglia were calcified in eleven patients (0.3%), of whom seven had calcification of the bilateral G. Pallidus, but no clinical symptoms. A relationship between calcification and clinical symptoms was shown in two patients under ten years old, a three-year-old with young brain atrophy and a six-year-old with a gonadotropin-producing brain tumor. Especially in patients over forty years old, a direct relationship between G.P. calcification and clinical symptoms was not shown, and calcification was considered to be pyhsilogical

2021年度総理工セミナー

講演#1: 情報科学と非線形科学 / 　森野 佳生（九州大学大学院総合理工学研究院 准教授） / 　※本文は九大内限定公開 / 講演#2: 高度道路交通システムにおける情報科学応用 / 　松島 宏典（久留米工業高等専門学校 准教授） / 　※本文は九大内限定公開 / 講演#3: レーザー駆動イオン加速手法を用いた小型重粒子線がん治療装置の開発〜数理工学を利用した新しい粒子線計測手法〜 / 　榊 泰直 （国立研究開発法人量子科学技術研究開発機構 上席研究員/九州大学大学院総合理工学研究院 客員教授） / 　※本文は九大内限定公開 / 講演#4: 3 次元 CG・XR の応用 / 　手島 裕詞（佐世保工業高等専門学校 准教授） / 講演#5: 実機クリーンエネルギープラントの大規模スーパーシミュレーションと AI 活用 / 　渡邊 裕章（九州大学大学院総合理工学研究院 教授） / 講演#6: 社会インフラ劣化診断や工業製品外観検査へのディープラーニングの応用 / 　木本 智幸（大分工業高等専門学校 教授） / 講演#7: 進化的アルゴリズムを利用した安定物質探索 / 　飯久保 智（九州大学大学院総合理工学研究院 教授） / 講演#8: 改ざん画像の検出と色ベクトルを用いた画像処理 / 　古川 翔大（鹿児島工業高等専門学校 准教授） / 　※本文は九大内限定公