Floods in the Karst region of Slovenia in 2014

The Slovenian Karst region has exceptional characteristics and special karst phenomena that are known throughout Europe. What is more, the similar occurrences discovered in other European countries have also been named karst phenomena. A regular occurrence in the Karst region is flooding. The annual flooding of karst fields is connected to precipitation and the increased water inflow; this greater amount of water then leads to the saturation of the karst underground with water, which then rises to the surface and floods the field. In the theoretical part of my thesis I have described the formation of the karst topography, the karst phenomena, and the characteristics of the streaming of groundwater, as well as the streaming of water on the surface. I have focused on the field Planinsko polje, which was flooded in February 2014 due to extreme weather events such as heavy rains, sleet, and slightly higher temperatures, which caused additional rain instead of snow. Experts claim that a flood this extensive was a 100-year-interval flood. In the second part of my thesis I have presented my work, which is the inspection of the flooded field Planinsko polje and the measurements taken. I have also followed further developments of the flooding and drawn up a summary of the events, as well as provided some possible solutions that would prevent or limit such extensive floods in the future

Prog imperfective drift in ancient Greek? Reconsidering eimi 'be' with present participle

In this paper, I reconsider the diachrony of the Ancient Greek periphrastic construction of eimi 'be' with present participle by means of Bertinetto’s recently proposed model for the development of progressive grams (a process called ‘PROG imperfective drift’). While Bertinetto’s proposal sheds new light on the diachronic development of the construction, at the same time the evidence from Ancient Greek brings to light the need for modification and further refinement of the model (most importantly with regard to the role of what I call the ‘stative’ function, next to the diachronic source(s) of the construction). I furthermore show that eimi with present participle never fully developed a (focalized) progressive function, which can be explained in terms of ‘constructional competition’

Monolithic perovskite/silicon tandem solar cell with >29% efficiency by enhanced hole extraction

Tandem solar cells that pair silicon with a metal halide perovskite are a promising option for surpassing the single-cell efficiency limit. We report a monolithic perovskite/silicon tandem with a certified power conversion efficiency of 29.15%. The perovskite absorber, with a bandgap of 1.68 electron volts, remained phase-stable under illumination through a combination of fast hole extraction and minimized nonradiative recombination at the hole-selective interface. These features were made possible by a self-assembled, methyl-substituted carbazole monolayer as the hole-selective layer in the perovskite cell. The accelerated hole extraction was linked to a low ideality factor of 1.26 and single-junction fill factors of up to 84%, while enabling a tandem open-circuit voltage of as high as 1.92 volts. In air, without encapsulation, a tandem retained 95% of its initial efficiency after 300 hours of operation.BMBF, 03SF0540, Nachwuchsgruppe MeSa-Zuma: Entwicklung von spektral optimierten, hocheffizienten und langzeitstabilen Perowskit/Silizium Tandem SolarzellenBMWi, 0324288C, Verbundvorhaben: ProTandem - Demonstration der Produktionstauglichkeit von Perowskit-Silizium Tandemsolarzellen; Teilvorhaben: Entwicklung von Kontaktschichten für die Silizium-Heterojunction BottomzelleEC/H2020/763977/EU/Perovskite Thin-film Photovoltaics (PERTPV)/PERTPVDFG, 423749265, Identifizierung und Unterdrückung von Grenzflächenrekombination für hocheffiziente Perowskit-SolarzellenDFG, 402726906, SPP 2196: Perowskit-Halbleiter: Von fundamentalen Eigenschaften zur Anwendun

Comparison of two image analysis methods to determine the granularity of coarse-grained aggregates and sediments

Za določitev zrnavosti se v gradbeništvu uporabljajo različne metode. Ena izmed njih je uporaba programov, ki preko posnetih fotografij območja naredijo analizo in podajo rezultate o zrnavosti agregata. Namen magistrske naloge je opraviti primerjavo dveh različnih programov za analizo slik za določitev zrnavosti grobozrnatega agregata in sedimentov ter točnost rezultatov primerjati z opravljeno sejalno analizo. Vzorec grobozrnatega agregata je bil odvzet ob vznožju podora Belca (31,05 kg), vzorec proda pa ob reki Savi Dolinki na Dovju (41,6 kg). V obeh primerih je bilo odvzetega 1 kvadratni meter materiala. Program WipFrag je v osnovi namenjen grobozrnatim agregatom, medtem, ko je Basegrain bolj primeren za zaobljene rečne sedimente. Po opravljenih analizah lahko trdimo, da je program WipFrag v obeh primerih bolj natančen in poda rezultate bližje sejalni analizi, vendar vseeno malo podcenjuje velikosti zrn. Tudi sama uporaba programa je precej bolj razumljiva in enostavna. V nasprotnem primeru pa pri Basegrainu opazimo, da v določenih primerih poda kar veliko napako, v primeru grobozrnatega agregata pri višinah 1 m in 0,5 m in D10 tudi do 100%. Pri določitvi višine, s katere posnamemo območje materiala se je pri WipFragu bolje odločiti za višino nekje med 3,5 m in 1,5 m, pri Basegrainu pa neke posebne razlike med različnimi višinami ni videti. Za nekoga, ki se prvič sreča s programom za analizo slik, se na podlagi rezultatov, ki so bili ugotovljeni v tej magistrski nalogi, predlaga uporabo programa WipFrag.Various methods are used to determine grain size in the civil engineering. One of them is the use of software that, through captured photographs of the area, analyse and produce aggregate grain results. The purpose of this master\u27s thesis is to compare two different image analysis programs to determine the grain size of the coarse-grained aggregate and sediments and to compare the accuracy of the results with the sieving analysis performed. A sample of the coarse-grained aggregate was taken at the foot of the Belca earth collapse site (31,05 kg), and the gravel sample was took along the Sava Dolinka river in Dovje (41,6 kg). In both cases, 1 square meter of material was confiscated. The WipFrag program is primarily intended for coarse-grained aggregates, while Basegrain is more suitable for rounded river sediment. After analysing the samples, it can be argued that WipFrag is more accurate in both cases and gives results closer to sieving analysis, but still slightly underestimates the grain size. The use of the latter program itself is much more comprehensible and easy. In other words we notice that in some cases the Basegrain analysis gave a big difference in results (up to 100 % fort he coarse-grained aggregate from the height 1 m and 0,5 m). When determining the height from which the material is taken, it is better to choose a height between 3,5 m and 1,5 m at WipFrag, and there is no specific difference between different heights at Basegrain. For someone who is working fort the first time with an image analysis program, it is suggested to use WipFrag based on the results found in this master\u27s thesis

SPIRITUAL NEEDS WITHIN NURSING : Spiritual needs as perceived by Slovenian nurses

In this Master thesis, spiritual needs are explored. Background presents the concept of spirituality, the existence of spirituality in nursing history, theory and practice. Spirituality is interpreted as characteristics that enable a human-being to transcend (exceed) internal limitation (presented by human body and soul: intellect, emotions) and/or external limitation (time, place, ideologies, culture etc.) to be able to live according to accepted ultimate values, to fulfil life mission, to realize the optimal potential and to connect. Second focus of this master thesis is spiritual needs. First a literature study of nursing researches about spiritual needs is done. Four articles matched criteria for the literature study. The literature study showed that there is no uniformed understanding of spiritual needs. There seems to be cultural differences in perception of spiritual needs as well as differences between patients’ versus nurses’ perception of spiritual needs. Beside literature study a qualitative-quantitative research made by a descriptive survey was conducted. The research aimed to find out Slovenian nurses’ perception of spiritual needs. The research method is a manifest content analysis combined with a descriptive statistical method. The result of research shows that most of the Slovenian nurses are probably uncertain/unaware of spiritual needs, that there is a high probability that many equate spirituality with religion and that a respective number of them seems to place psychosocial needs in spiritual realm as well as in psychological realm

SPIRITUAL NEEDS WITHIN NURSING : Spiritual needs as perceived by Slovenian nurses

In this Master thesis, spiritual needs are explored. Background presents the concept of spirituality, the existence of spirituality in nursing history, theory and practice. Spirituality is interpreted as characteristics that enable a human-being to transcend (exceed) internal limitation (presented by human body and soul: intellect, emotions) and/or external limitation (time, place, ideologies, culture etc.) to be able to live according to accepted ultimate values, to fulfil life mission, to realize the optimal potential and to connect. Second focus of this master thesis is spiritual needs. First a literature study of nursing researches about spiritual needs is done. Four articles matched criteria for the literature study. The literature study showed that there is no uniformed understanding of spiritual needs. There seems to be cultural differences in perception of spiritual needs as well as differences between patients’ versus nurses’ perception of spiritual needs. Beside literature study a qualitative-quantitative research made by a descriptive survey was conducted. The research aimed to find out Slovenian nurses’ perception of spiritual needs. The research method is a manifest content analysis combined with a descriptive statistical method. The result of research shows that most of the Slovenian nurses are probably uncertain/unaware of spiritual needs, that there is a high probability that many equate spirituality with religion and that a respective number of them seems to place psychosocial needs in spiritual realm as well as in psychological realm