9 research outputs found
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Automated Fabrication ofCeramic Components from Tape-Cast Ceramic
This paper describes a machine and process for automated fabrication of functional 3-D
laminated engineering components, ceramics in the present example. A laser cuts successive layers
of a part derived from a CAD model description out of unfired tape-cast ceramic sheets
vacuum-clamped to an x-y sled. A material-handling robot uses a selective-area gripper to extract
only the desired part outlines from the surrounding waste material, then stacks the slices to build the
part. This system design enables rapid manufacture of functional engineering components with
arbitrarily complex internal and external geometries from virtually any material available in sheet
form.Mechanical Engineerin
POLARIMETRY WITH THE GEMINI PLANET IMAGER: METHODS, PERFORMANCE AT FIRST LIGHT, AND THE CIRCUMSTELLAR RING AROUND HR 4796A
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Machine Design, Control and Performance of Automated Computer-Aided Manufacturing of Laminated Engineering Materials
This paper describes machine design and control aspects of automating a viable
CAM-LEM layered manufacturing process. The cut-then-stack sheet-based approach permits
using sheet materials of different thicknesses, enabling optimization of build speed. Further,
this cut-then-stack approach offers the possibility of assembling parts with multiple materials
interleaved both layer-to-Iayer as well as within each layer. The key to realizing these
prospective advantages is precise and reliable extraction and assembly of laser-cut regions
from sheet feedstock. This paper presents our design approach and examples created on an
automated CAM-LEM machine. It will be shown that the use of fugitive materials,
automatically assembled interleaved with engineering materials, is feasible, allowing
fabrication of laminated components with internal cusps and voids and improving the
dimensional stability of components during post-processing. Results of this work are
presented and applications of the technology are reviewed. Extensions to tangent-cut
thick-sheet interleaved assemblies are described.Mechanical Engineerin
Exercise Improves Behavioral, Neurocognitive, and Scholastic Performance in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Locomotor activity influences muscle architecture and bone growth but not muscle attachment site morphology
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Efficacy and safety of two neutralising monoclonal antibody therapies, sotrovimab and BRII-196 plus BRII-198, for adults hospitalised with COVID-19 (TICO): a randomised controlled trial
We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of two neutralising monoclonal antibody therapies (sotrovimab [Vir Biotechnology and GlaxoSmithKline] and BRII-196 plus BRII-198 [Brii Biosciences]) for adults admitted to hospital for COVID-19 (hereafter referred to as hospitalised) with COVID-19.
In this multinational, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, clinical trial (Therapeutics for Inpatients with COVID-19 [TICO]), adults (aged ≥18 years) hospitalised with COVID-19 at 43 hospitals in the USA, Denmark, Switzerland, and Poland were recruited. Patients were eligible if they had laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 symptoms for up to 12 days. Using a web-based application, participants were randomly assigned (2:1:2:1), stratified by trial site pharmacy, to sotrovimab 500 mg, matching placebo for sotrovimab, BRII-196 1000 mg plus BRII-198 1000 mg, or matching placebo for BRII-196 plus BRII-198, in addition to standard of care. Each study product was administered as a single dose given intravenously over 60 min. The concurrent placebo groups were pooled for analyses. The primary outcome was time to sustained clinical recovery, defined as discharge from the hospital to home and remaining at home for 14 consecutive days, up to day 90 after randomisation. Interim futility analyses were based on two seven-category ordinal outcome scales on day 5 that measured pulmonary status and extrapulmonary complications of COVID-19. The safety outcome was a composite of death, serious adverse events, incident organ failure, and serious coinfection up to day 90 after randomisation. Efficacy and safety outcomes were assessed in the modified intention-to-treat population, defined as all patients randomly assigned to treatment who started the study infusion. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04501978.
Between Dec 16, 2020, and March 1, 2021, 546 patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to sotrovimab (n=184), BRII-196 plus BRII-198 (n=183), or placebo (n=179), of whom 536 received part or all of their assigned study drug (sotrovimab n=182, BRII-196 plus BRII-198 n=176, or placebo n=178; median age of 60 years [IQR 50–72], 228 [43%] patients were female and 308 [57%] were male). At this point, enrolment was halted on the basis of the interim futility analysis. At day 5, neither the sotrovimab group nor the BRII-196 plus BRII-198 group had significantly higher odds of more favourable outcomes than the placebo group on either the pulmonary scale (adjusted odds ratio sotrovimab 1·07 [95% CI 0·74–1·56]; BRII-196 plus BRII-198 0·98 [95% CI 0·67–1·43]) or the pulmonary-plus complications scale (sotrovimab 1·08 [0·74–1·58]; BRII-196 plus BRII-198 1·00 [0·68–1·46]). By day 90, sustained clinical recovery was seen in 151 (85%) patients in the placebo group compared with 160 (88%) in the sotrovimab group (adjusted rate ratio 1·12 [95% CI 0·91–1·37]) and 155 (88%) in the BRII-196 plus BRII-198 group (1·08 [0·88–1·32]). The composite safety outcome up to day 90 was met by 48 (27%) patients in the placebo group, 42 (23%) in the sotrovimab group, and 45 (26%) in the BRII-196 plus BRII-198 group. 13 (7%) patients in the placebo group, 14 (8%) in the sotrovimab group, and 15 (9%) in the BRII-196 plus BRII-198 group died up to day 90.
Neither sotrovimab nor BRII-196 plus BRII-198 showed efficacy for improving clinical outcomes among adults hospitalised with COVID-19.
US National Institutes of Health and Operation Warp Spee