2 research outputs found

    Effects of industrial pollution on the reproductive biology of Squalius laietanus (Actinopterygii, Cyprinidae) in a Mediterranean stream (NE Iberian Peninsula)

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    Mediterranean rivers are severely affected by pollutants from industry, agriculture and urban activities. In this study, we examined how industrial pollutants, many of them known to act as endocrine disruptors (EDCs), could disturb the reproduction of the Catalan chub (Squalius laietanus). The survey was conducted throughout the reproductive period of S. laietanus (from March to July 2014) downstream an industrial WWTP located in the River Ripoll (NE Iberian Peninsula). Eighty fish (28 females and 52 males) were caught by electrofishing upstream and 77 fish (33 females and 44 males) downstream a WWTP. For both sexes, the gonadosomatic index (GSI) and gonadal histology were examined and related to water chemical analysis and fish biomarkers. Female fecundity was assessed using the gravimetric method. Fish from the polluted site showed enhanced biomarker responses involved in detoxification. Also, in the polluted site, lower GSI values were attained in both sexes and females displayed lower numbers of vitellogenic oocytes. Gonadal histology showed that allmaturation stages of testicles and ovaries were present at the two study sites but fish males from the polluted site had smaller diameter seminiferous tubules. Water chemical analysis confirmed greater presence of EDCs in the river downstream the industrial WWTP. The chemicals benzotriazole and benzothiazole could be partially responsible for the observed alterations in the reproductive biology of S. laietanus

    Comportament de contaminants org脿nics en aiguamolls constru茂ts i formaci贸 de subproductes de desinfecci贸 durant la regeneraci贸 d'aig眉es residuals.

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    [cat] Tant el desenvolupament hum脿 com l'assoliment d'un bon estat ecol貌gic dels ecosistemes requereixen d'una aigua de qualitat. En aquest sentit, els processos de depuraci贸 i regeneraci贸 de l'aigua residual s贸n claus per tal de garantir una gesti贸 sostenible d'aquest recurs. El treball dut a terme en la present tesi es desglossa en dos grans blocs. El primer d'ells es centra en l'estudi del comportament dels contaminants org脿nics durant el seu tractament en aiguamolls constru茂ts i el segon t茅 en consideraci贸 la formaci贸 de subproductes de desinfecci贸 durant el proc茅s de regeneraci贸. Els contaminants org脿nics estudiats en la present Tesi pertanyen al grup dels f脿rmacs i productes d'higiene personal (PPCPs), al de les subst脿ncies priorit脿ries establertes com a tals en la Directiva Marc de l'Aigua 2000/60/EC i als subproductes de desinfecci贸. En aquest sentit s'han desenvolupat metodologies anal铆tiques aplicades a l'an脿lisi d'aquests compostos tant en aig眉es com en s貌lids suspesos i sediments. L'estudi del comportament d'aquests compostos en aiguamolls constru茂ts (de flux superficial i subsuperficial) s'ha realitzat des de dos enfocaments diferents. El primer d'ells 茅s la injecci贸 directa dels contaminants d'estudi, conjuntament amb un tra莽ador mentre que el segon estudia l'atenuaci贸 dels PPCPs presents a l'aigua residual a mesura que aquests travessen l'aiguamoll. Com a resultat d'aquest estudi s'ha constatat una major efici猫ncia en l'eliminaci贸 de gran part dels contaminants en aquells sistemes on hi predominen les rutes metab貌liques aer貌bies. En aquest sentit, la transfer猫ncia d'oxigen als aiguamolls a trav茅s de la vegetaci贸 s'ha vinculat amb un increment en l'eliminaci贸 de contaminants org脿nics. D'altra banda, es demostra com les interaccions d'aquests compostos amb la mat猫ria org脿nica i el conjunt de la rizosfera tenen un paper clau a l'hora d'eliminar-los, sobretot quan es tracta de compostos m茅s hidrof貌bics. Finalment, en l'estudi de la formaci贸 de subproductes de desinfecci贸 en aig眉es residuals regenerades, s'ha demostrat que la pres猫ncia d'amoni en els efluents de les EDARs disminueix el risc de formaci贸 de trihalometans, essent un par脿metre clau per tal de controlar la formaci贸 d'aquests compostos.[eng] Water of quality is a scarce and essential resource for human development. Then wastewater treatment and water reuse and reclamation are of high importance in order to assure a sustainable management of this resource. The work carried out in this thesis has been splitted in two parts, the first one related to the study of the behavior of organic pollutants in constructed wetlands and the other one to the evaluation of disinfection by-products formation during regeneration processes. The organic pollutants considered can be classified in three classes; pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs), the ones included as priority substances by the EU Framework Directive 2000/60/EC and the disinfection by-products. In this sense, analytical methodologies have been developed in order to analyze these compounds in water, suspended solids and sediments. The behavior of these compounds in constructed wetlands (surface and subsurface flow) has been assessed by both, the injection of pollutants with a tracer, and by studying the attenuation of organic pollutants already present in raw wastewater. As a result of these studies, it has been observed the highest removal efficiencies in vertical flow constructed wetlands where organic matter removal is predominantly by aerobic pathways. Consequently a positive vegetation effect has been observed due to its increase on oxygen transfer to the system. On the other hand, it has been shown that organic pollutants have a high interaction with the organic matter and the rizosphere and that is more relevant for the hydrophobic ones. Finally, in the study of disinfection by-products formation, it was observed that the presence of ammonium in WWTPs effluents decrease the risk of trihalomethanes formation
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