Dietary Selenium Deficiency Exacerbates DSS-Induced Epithelial Injury and AOM/DSS-Induced Tumorigenesis.

Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient that exerts its functions via selenoproteins. Little is known about the role of Se in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Epidemiological studies have inversely correlated nutritional Se status with IBD severity and colon cancer risk. Moreover, molecular studies have revealed that Se deficiency activates WNT signaling, a pathway essential to intestinal stem cell programs and pivotal to injury recovery processes in IBD that is also activated in inflammatory neoplastic transformation. In order to better understand the role of Se in epithelial injury and tumorigenesis resulting from inflammatory stimuli, we examined colonic phenotypes in Se-deficient or -sufficient mice in response to dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis, and azoxymethane (AOM) followed by cyclical administration of DSS, respectively. In response to DSS alone, Se-deficient mice demonstrated increased morbidity, weight loss, stool scores, and colonic injury with a concomitant increase in DNA damage and increases in inflammation-related cytokines. As there was an increase in DNA damage as well as expression of several EGF and TGF-β pathway genes in response to inflammatory injury, we sought to determine if tumorigenesis was altered in the setting of inflammatory carcinogenesis. Se-deficient mice subjected to AOM/DSS treatment to model colitis-associated cancer (CAC) had increased tumor number, though not size, as well as increased incidence of high grade dysplasia. This increase in tumor initiation was likely due to a general increase in colonic DNA damage, as increased 8-OHdG staining was seen in Se-deficient tumors and adjacent, non-tumor mucosa. Taken together, our results indicate that Se deficiency worsens experimental colitis and promotes tumor development and progression in inflammatory carcinogenesis

Determination of the pharmacokinetics and oral bioavailability of salicylamine, a potent γ-ketoaldehyde scavenger, by LC/MS/MS

Levels of reactive γ-ketoaldehydes derived from arachidonate increase in diseases associated with inflammation and oxidative injury. To assess the biological importance of these γ-ketoaldehydes, we previously identified salicylamine as an effective γ-ketoaldehyde scavenger in vitro and in cells. To determine if salicylamine could be administered in vivo, we developed an LC/MS/MS assay to measure salicylamine in plasma and tissues. In mice, half-life (t1/2) was 62 minutes. Drinking water supplementation (1-10 g/L) generated tissue concentrations (10-500 μM) within the range previously shown to inhibit γ-ketoaldehydes in cells. Therefore, oral administration of salicylamine can be used to assess the contribution of γ-ketoaldehydes in animal models of disease. © 2010 by the authors licensee Molecular Diversity Preservation International, Basel, Switzerland

Обесцвечивание растворов азокрасителя ультрафиолетовым излучением XeBr эксилампы

The efficiency of decolorization of azo dye Direct Blue KM in aqueous solutions by ultraviolet irradiation of XeBr excilamp (282 nm) in the range of initial concentrations of hydrogen peroxide and pH values was studied. The optimum operation conditions were determined.Исследована эффективность обесцвечивания водных растворов азокрасителя прямого синего КМ ультрафиолетовым излучением XeBr-эксилампы (282 нм) при различной исходной концентрации пероксида водорода и величине рН среды. Определены оптимальные условия процесса

A laboratory-scale annular continuous flow reactor for UV photochemistry using excimer lamps for discrete wavelength excitation and its use in a wavelength study of a photodecarboxlyative cyclisation

This paper describes a new annular reactor for continuous UV photochemistry, which uses easily interchangeable excimer lamps of different wavelengths. The reactor has narrow clearance to form thin films of material for efficient irradiation of molecules. Its use is demonstrated by investigating the effect of discrete wavelength lamps (222, 282 and 308 nm) on the reaction of potassium N-phthalimidobutanoate 1. The ability of the reactor to be integrated into multistep processes is illustrated by combining it with an Amberlyst scavenger and a solid acid catalyst, NbOPO4, to access a second product 3 that is obtained in a single telescoped process. The tricyclic scaffold in 3 is a motif found in several biologically active compounds and has possibilities as a synthon for new pharmaceutical products

Application Features of Thyristor Regulators to Control the Light Flux in Industrial Fishing

To control the intensity of the light flux when fishing saury it is necessary to widely change the voltage of the lighting fishing equipment. It is reasonable to carry out this by controlling additionally installed thyristor regulators supplying individual symmetric three-phase groups of light sources that will ensure balanced loading of the synchronous generator stator windings. In this research the features of using a thyristor voltage regulator in a four-wire system of ship power supply are studied based on mathematical analysis, conclusions are made using computer modeling and the use of current limiting reactors is justified

ПОИСК СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ ПОДДЕРЖКИ КАК ЭФФЕКТИВНЫЙ КОПИНГ- РЕСУРС ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ЗДОРОВЬЯ МЛАДШИХ ШКОЛЬНИКОВ

The article is devoted to an actual problem - the formation of coping behavior of elementary school pupils. An influence of parent-child interaction to the choosing of (effective / ineffective) coping resources of children of primary school age is analyzed. The results shows that there are statistically significant relationship between indicators of parent-child interaction and coping resources of elementary school pupils.Статья посвящена актуальной проблеме - формированию совладающего поведения младших школьников. Анализируется влияние детско-родительского взаимодействия на выбор (эффективных/ неэффективных) копинг-ресурсов детей младшего школьного возраста. Результаты исследования показали, что существуют статистически достоверные связи между показателями детско-родительского взаимодействия и ресурсами совладающего поведения младших школьников

ВЗАИМОСВЯЗЬ ДИСГАРМОНИЧНОГО ВОСПИТАНИЯ МАТЕРЕЙ И СОВЛАДАЮЩЕГО ПОВЕДЕНИЯ ДЕТЕЙ МЛАДШЕГО ШКОЛЬНОГО ВОЗРАСТА

The given article reviews the research on the effect of education of disharmonious upbringing by mother on the formation of coping behavior of children of primary school age. It provides a brief review of literature on the subject. The article describes the concept of disharmonious upbringing: classification and manifestation. Presents research results showing impact of the disharmonious upbringing mothers on coping behavior of children of primary school age. The research results are presented in this paper.Настоящая статья посвящена исследованию влияния дисгармоничного воспитания матери на формирование совладающего поведения детей младшего школьного возраста. Она содержит краткий литературный обзор по данной проблеме. В статье отражены особенности дисгармоничного воспитания: классификация и проявление. Представлены результаты исследования влияния дисгармоничного воспитания матерей на копинг-поведение детей младшего школьного возраста

ИНФОРМАЦИОННАЯ МОДЕЛЬ КАК ЭТАП ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ СОЦИАЛЬНОГО ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЯ В СИСТЕМЕ МЕСТНОГО САМОУПРАВЛЕНИЯ

The article provides general formulation of the problem and proves terminology base for the local government system model: «local government – local community». «Adaptation» of developed models to new tasks is considered to be one of the effective mathematical modeling application approaches. The research novelty consists in application of mathematical model for authority distribution dynamics in governmental hierarchy structures interacting with civil society to local authority level.В статье предлагается общая постановка задачи и обоснование терминологии для модели системы местного самоуправления: «местная власть – местное сообщество». Одним из эффективных подходов применения математического моделирования является «адаптация» уже разработанных моделей к новым задачам. Научная новизна исследования заключается в применении общей математической модели динамики распределения власти в государственных иерархических структурах, взаимодействующих с гражданским обществом, для местного уровня власти