Valorization of traditional Italian walnut (Juglans regia L.) production: genetic, nutritional and sensory characterization of locally grown varieties in the Trentino region

15openYesJuglans regia (L.) is cultivated worldwide for its nutrient-rich nuts. In Italy, despite the growing demand, walnut cultivation has gone through a strong decline in recent decades, which led to Italy being among the top five net importing countries. To promote the development of local high-quality Italian walnut production, we devised a multidisciplinary project to highlight the distinctive traits of three varieties grown in the mountainous region Trentino (northeast of Italy): the heirloom ‘Bleggiana’, a second local accession called local Franquette and the French cultivar ‘Lara’, recently introduced in the local production to increase yield. The genetic characterization confirmed the uniqueness of ‘Bleggiana’ and revealed local Franquette as a newly described autochthonous variety, thus named ‘Blegette’. The metabolic profiles highlighted a valuable nutritional composition of the local varieties, richer in polyphenols and with a lower ω-6/ω-3 ratio than the commercial ‘Lara’. ‘Blegette’ obtained the highest preference scores from consumers for both the visual aspect and tasting; however, the volatile organic compound profiles did not discriminate among the characterized cultivars. The described local varieties represent an interesting reservoir of walnut genetic diversity and quality properties, which deserve future investigation on agronomically useful traits (e.g., local adaptation and water usage) for a high-quality and sustainable production.Di Pierro, Erica A.; Franceschi, Pietro; Endrizzi, Isabella; Farneti, Brian; Poles, Lara; Masuero, Domenico; Khomenko, Iuliia; Trenti, Francesco; Marrano, Annarita; Vrhovsek, Urska; Gasperi, Flavia; Biasioli, Franco; Guella, Graziano; Bianco, Luca; Troggio, MichelaDi Pierro, E.A.; Franceschi, P.; Endrizzi, I.; Farneti, B.; Poles, L.; Masuero, D.; Khomenko, I.; Trenti, F.; Marrano, A.; Vrhovsek, U.; Gasperi, F.; Biasioli, F.; Guella, G.; Bianco, L.; Troggio, M

A Metabolomic Approach to the Study of Wine Micro-Oxygenation

Wine micro-oxygenation is a globally used treatment and its effects were studied here by analysing by untargeted LC-MS the wine metabolomic fingerprint. Eight different procedural variations, marked by the addition of oxygen (four levels) and iron (two levels) were applied to Sangiovese wine, before and after malolactic fermentation

Lipid profiling and stable isotopic data analysis for differentiation of extra virgin olive oils based on their origin

To differentiate extra virgin olive oils (EVOO) according to the origin of purchase, such as monocultivar Italian EVOO with protected denomination of origin (PDO) and commercially-blended EVOO purchased in supermarkets, a number of samples was subjected to the analysis of various lipid species by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS, LC-ESI-IT-MS) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance analysis (1H-NMR). Many putative chemical markers were extracted as differentiators by uni- and multivariate statistical analysis. Commercially-blended EVOO contained higher concentrations of the majority of minor lipids, including free fatty acids, their alkyl (methyl and ethyl) esters, monoglycerides, and diglycerides, which may be indicative of a higher degree of triglyceride lipolysis in these than in monocultivar PDO EVOO. Triterpenoids and particular TAG species were also found in higher proportions in the samples from the commercially-blended EVOO class, suggesting a possible influence of factors such as the cultivar and geographical origin. The largest differences between the classes were determined for the concentrations of uvaol and oleanolic acid. The results of the analysis by isotopic ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) were reasonably consistent with the information about the geographical origin declared on the labels of the investigated EVOOs, showing considerable variability, which possibly also contributed to the differences in lipid composition observed between the two investigated classes of EVOO

Hoja de predicción: Número 118 - 2002 Junio 25

Visto a prática comum nos canteiros de obra da região de Porto Alegre, de coleta de amostras, para fins de ensaio e moldagem dos corpos-de-prova, logo da primeira porção do concreto descarregado do caminhão betoneira, somada à inexistência de normatização para aferição da qualidade do misturador e uniformidade da mistura e a importância dos ensaios de controle de qualidade dos concretos. O presente trabalho tem como meta analisar a uniformidade de misturas de concreto em caminhão betoneira. A fim de atingir os objetivos realizaram-se coletas de amostras em cinco pontos distintos, ao longo da descarga do concreto do caminhão betoneira, para 13 lotes (amassadas) de concreto convencional. Não houve a formação de um perfil representativo das variações de resistência conforme o ponto de coleta e não foi constatada variação significativa entre pontos de coleta

Stress-strain curve of concretes with recycled concrete aggregates: analysis of the NBR 8522 methodology

ABSTRACT This work analyses the methodology "A" (item A.4) employed by the Brazilian Standard ABNT 8522 (ABNT, 2008) for determining the stress-strain behavior of cylindrical specimens of concrete, presenting considerations about possible enhancements aiming it use for concretes with recycled aggregates with automatic test equipment. The methodology specified by the Brazilian Standard presents methodological issues that brings distortions in obtaining the stress-strain curve, as the use of a very limited number of sampling points and by inducing micro cracks and fluency in the elastic behavior of the material due to the use of steady stress levels in the test. The use of a base stress of 0.5 MPa is too low for modern high load test machines designed do high strength concrete test. The work presents a discussion over these subjects, and a proposal of a modified test procedure to avoid such situations

Multivariate curve resolution for high-throughput carotenoid profiling

Carotenoids are usually not considered in metabolomic approaches due to their instability, hydrophobicity and the difficulties in analyzing them by MS. A targeted high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) method (Fraser, 2000) has been used in several metabolomic approaches but data analysis of relatively large sample numbers traditionally involves the manual integration of hundreds of peaks at different wavelengths. Some degree of automation is allowed by data analysis software provided with chromatographic instruments, but in practice several problems are encountered and the process is cumbersome and error prone. Here a multivariate curve resolution (MCR) approach is proposed as a method to analyse large numbers of HPLC-DAD data sets. A case study in which the stability of carotenoids in grape extracts processed in the presence or absence of triethylamine (TEA) is studied is used to prove the capacities of the metho

High-throughput carotenoid profiling using multivariate curve resolution

We present automated data analysis of high-throughput HPLC-DAD data using Multivariate Curve Resolution. This technique provides spectra and elution profiles of all UV-Vis active compounds present in the mixture. The specifics of using this method in non-interactive fashion are discussed. A case study on the stability of isoprenoids in grape extracts under two different experimental regimes serves to illustrate the potential of the method: quantitative results clearly show that the addition of triethylamine is beneficial in that carotenoid, chlorophyll and tocopherol compounds are much more stable and in this way can be kept up to at least thirty days without any sign of degradation