Assessing the ploughzone : The impact of cultivation on artefact survival and the cost/benefits of topsoil stripping prior to excavation

Fieldwork at Rhynie has been funded by the University of Aberdeen Development Trust, British Academy, Historic Environment Scotland, the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, and Aberdeenshire Council Archaeology Service. The writing of this article was also supported by a Leverhulme Trust Research Leadership Award (RL-2016-069). Staff from Historic Environment Scotland and Dr Karen Milek, University of Durham read and commented on drafts of the text and we extend our thanks to them. Thanks also to two anonymous reviewers for their comments on the text. As always any remaining errors are our own.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Digitally Recording Excavations on a Budget : A (Low-Cost) DIY Approach from Scotland

funding: The Leverhulme Trust Open access via Taylor and Francis Agreement Edouard Masson-MacLean and James O’Driscoll contributed equally to this paper. We wish to thank three anonymous reviewers for their positive comments and constructive suggestions, which improved the original version of the paper. EMM also wishes to thank personally Dr. Joshua Wright (University of Aberdeen) for the informal but valuable and stimulating discussions which helped shape some of the original ideas for this paper. The Comparative Kingship project is funded by the Leverhulme Trust as part of a Research Leadership Award under Grant RL-2016-069. The original impetus for the digital recording was a Historic Environment Scotland grant RG14686 for work at Dunnicaer promontory fort developed by Cathy MacIver—this set the foundations for the workflow outlined above.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Dating and Digging Stratified Archaeology in Circumpolar North America : A View from Nunalleq, Southwestern Alaska

The results presented in this paper were funded by a NERC Radiocarbon Facility grant (NRCF 1917.0415), while the wider project is funded by the Arts and Humanities Research Council (AH/K006029/1). The authors wish to thank all the members of the excavation crew from the 2014 field season for their hard work in the challenging weather conditions of southwest Alaska – without their attention to detail this study would not have been possible. Additional thanks are also due to Qanirtuuq Incorporated for logistical support and warm hospitality in Quinhagak. We also wish to thank Kevin Edwards and Kate Britton, who read an earlier draft of this paper, and three anonymous reviewers for highly constructive criticism that helped us to improve the final manuscript.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Pre-contact adaptations to the Little Ice Age in Southwest Alaska : New evidence from the Nunalleq site

This work was funded by an AHRC-LabEx award (AH/N504543/1) to KB, RK, KD and IS and an Arts and Humanities Research Council (AH/K006029/1) grant awarded to RK, KB and Charlotta Hillerdal (Aberdeen). The onsite collection of samples was carried out by staff and students from the University of Aberdeen, volunteer excavators and the residents of Quinhagak. We had logistical and planning support for fieldwork by the Qanirtuuq Incorporated, Quinhagak, Alaska, and the people of Quinhagak, who we also thank for sampling permissions. Special thanks to Warren Jones, John Smith and Qanirtuuq Incorporated (especially Michael Smith and Lynn Church), and to all project team members, in Aberdeen and at other institutions. Thank you to Véronique Forbes and Paul Ledger for their valuable comments on the final draft of the paper. Finally, thank you to Peter Jordan (University of Groningen) for inviting us to contribute to this special issue and for his patience. Research Data will be made available on requestPeer reviewedPublisher PD

Three Generations Under One Roof? Bayesian Modeling of Radiocarbon Data from Nunalleq, Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska

Acknowledgments. This research was funded through an Arts and Humanities Research Council grant (AH/K006029/1) awarded to Drs. Rick Knecht, Charlotta Hillerdal, and Kate Britton, and two NERC Radiocarbon Facility grants (NF/2015/1/6 and NF/2015/2/3) awarded to Drs. Rick Knecht and Paul Ledger. Véronique Forbes received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement number 703322. Excavations at Nunalleq have also benefited from the support of the local community who have made us all feel at home in Quinhagak. In particular, we wish to thank Qanirtuuq Incorporated and Warren Jones for logistical support and their consistently warm hospitality. Thanks also to Philip Ashlock who took the aerial image presented in Figure 3. We also wish to acknowledge the contribution of all of the students and researchers who have excavated at Nunalleq between 2009 and 2015. Without their hard work and dedication, in sometimes challenging conditions, this article would not have been possible. Finally, we wish to thank three anonymous reviewers and Robert Kelly for constructive criticism that has helped improved this manuscript. Permission for excavations at Nunalleq was granted by Qanirtuuq Incorporated.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Kinneddar : A Major Ecclesiastical Centre of the Picts

The work at Kinneddar was conducted with kind permission from Pitgaveny Estates, organized by Duncan Dunbar-Nasmith. The fieldwork was made possible by funding from the Leverhulme Trust as part of the Comparative Kingship project (RL-2016-069), and Northern Picts funding through the University of Aberdeen Development Trust. Many thanks to Bruce Mann of Aberdeenshire Council Archaeology Service for advice and support.Peer reviewedPostprin

New zooarchaeological evidence from Pictish sites in Scotland : implications for early medieval economies and animal-human relationships

Funding This research was part of the Northern Picts Project (2009–2015), The Comparative Kingship Project (since 2017) funded by the Leverhulme Trust as part of a Research Leadership Award under Grant RL-2016-069, and Historic Environment Scotland Citadel project—code is RG15531-10. KB was supported by the Leverhulme Trust (PLP-2019–284). Acknowledgments We wish to thank the two reviewers for their constructive comments that have improved the original version of this paper. We thank the University of Aberdeen students and volunteer excavators who participated in the excavations and the onsite collection of samples as well as helping clean and sort the faunal material. We also wish to thank Zena Timmons and Jerry Herman (National Museum of Scotland) for access to NMS collections and for their time. Thanks to funding from Don and Elizabeth Cruickshank that allowed many of the excavations referenced here to take place and enabled publication of results.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Dunnicaer, Aberdeenshire, Scotland : a Roman Iron Age promontory fort beyond the frontier

Acknowledgements Thanks to Dunecht Estate for granting permission to access and investigate Dunnicaer. Duncan Paterson of North-east Mountaineering very ably got the team up on top and ensured our safety at all times. Many thanks to the brave diggers Michael Stratigos, Claire Christie, Vanessa Rees, Rob Lenfert, Oskar Sveinbjarnarson, Grace Woolmer, Anni Tolppanen, John Graham, Victoria Wilson, Katie South, Juudit Gross, Scott White, Gemma Cruickshanks, John Harrison, Sarah Elliot, Jeff Oliver and Juliette Mitchell (and Duncan). Bruce Mann and Caroline Palmer kindly provided scans of aerial photographs of Dunnicaer from the Aberdeenshire SMR records. The project was funded by Don and Elizabeth Cruickshank through the University of Aberdeen Development Trust, by Aberdeenshire Council and through grant funding from the Strathmartine Trust.Peer reviewedPostprin

Palaeoproteomic analyses of dog palaeofaeces reveal a preserved dietary and host digestive proteome.

The domestic dog has inhabited the anthropogenic niche for at least 15 000 years, but despite their impact on human strategies, the lives of dogs and their interactions with humans have only recently become a subject of interest to archaeologists. In the Arctic, dogs rely exclusively on humans for food during the winter, and while stable isotope analyses have revealed dietary similarities at some sites, deciphering the details of provisioning strategies have been challenging. In this study, we apply zooarchaeology by mass spectrometry (ZooMS) and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry to dog palaeofaeces to investigate protein preservation in this highly degradable material and obtain information about the diet of domestic dogs at the Nunalleq site, Alaska. We identify a suite of digestive and metabolic proteins from the host species, demonstrating the utility of this material as a novel and viable substrate for the recovery of gastrointestinal proteomes. The recovered proteins revealed that the Nunalleq dogs consumed a range of Pacific salmon species (coho, chum, chinook and sockeye) and that the consumed tissues derived from muscle and bone tissues as well as roe and guts. Overall, the study demonstrated the viability of permafrost-preserved palaeofaeces as a unique source of host and dietary proteomes.DNRF, E

The archaeological potential of Wogan Cavern (Pembroke, UK):Results of the first fieldwork season

Funding Information: Acknowledgements Many thanks are due to numerous people for their help with our work on Wogan Cavern, including (but not limited to) Jon Williams and the staff at Pembroke Castle, Sian Williams, several colleagues at Dyfed Archaeological Trust, Mark Lewis and Eloise Chapman at Tenby Museum, and Louise Mees at Cadw. We are also grateful to the reviewers for a careful reading of this article and for providing some insightful comments, and to David Lowe, whose comments and advice benefitted the final version of the Paper. The work described here and that planned for the future is funded by the Natural History Museum’s Human Origins Research Fund, the BCRA’s CSTRF scheme, and the Prehistoric Society. ELJ acknowledges the Belspo-ICHIE project for funding her contribution to this research.Peer reviewedPublisher PD