The central subgroup of the nonabelian tensor square of Bieberbach group with point group C2 C2

A Bieberbach group with point group  C2 xC2  is a free torsion crystallographic group. A central subgroup of a nonabelian tensor square of a group G, denoted by ∇(G) is a normal subgroup generated by generator g⊗g for all g∈G and essentially depends on the abelianization of the group. In this paper, the formula of the central subgroup of the nonabelian tensor square of one Bieberbach group with point group   C2 xC2 , of lowest dimension 3, denoted by S3 (3) is generalized up to n dimension. The consistent polycyclic presentation, the derived subgroup and the abelianization of group this group of n dimension are first determined. By using these presentations, the central subgroup of the nonabelian tensor square of this group of n dimension is constructed. The findings of this research can be further applied to compute the homological functors of this group.Keywords: Bieberbach group; central subgroup; nonabelian tensor square

The nonabelian tensor square of a Bieberbach group with symmetric point group of order six

Bieberbach groups are torsion free crystallographic groups. In this paper, our focus is given on the Bieberbach groups with symmetric point group of order six. The nonabelian tensor square of a group is a well known homological functor which can reveal the properties of a group. With the method developed for polycyclic groups, the nonabelian tensor square of one of the Bieberbach groups of dimension four with symmetric point group of order six is computed. The nonabelian tensor square of this group is found to be not abelian and its presentation is constructed

CLINICAL EXAMPLE OF THE USE OF LIPOFILLING WITH DELAYED RECONSTRUCTION

Malignant breast tumors are one of the causes of disability due to lack of breast or having operational defects. In most cases, the quality of the operation depends on the further social and active patient behavior.This article presents a clinical case of the use of lipofilling with reconstructive plastic surgery in breast cancer patients after complex treatment. In the particular example we show the positive effects after one session of conducted lipofiling in front of the chest wall to the right with Body-Jet hardware techniques. The purpose of this procedure was to improve the quality of cover fabrics in postoperative scar on the anterior chest wall right after comprehensive treatment, including also a cover for the such aggressive tissue treatment, as radiotherapy.It is proved that mesenchymal stromal cells, or cell-messengers that are present in all the fatty tissues, contribute to its regeneration by forming new blood vessels, or act directly on the damaged or exposed to aging structure — restore and rejuvenate the field of lipofilling. Therefore, adipose tissue is laid down by the nature of the human body a source of regeneration. In this clinical example, after successfully conducted one session of lipofilling marked improvement in skin quality in postoperative scar made after mastectomy and radiotherapy. Good autofat graft survival rate is also fixed, which was enough to implement further stages of breast reconstruction

Software-Defect Localisation by Mining Dataflow-Enabled Call Graphs

Defect localisation is essential in software engineering and is an important task in domain-specific data mining. Existing techniques building on call-graph mining can localise different kinds of defects. However, these techniques focus on defects that affect the controlflow and are agnostic regarding the dataflow. In this paper, we introduce dataflow-enabled call graphs that incorporate abstractions of the dataflow. Building on these graphs, we present an approach for defect localisation. The creation of the graphs and the defect localisation are essentially data mining problems, making use of discretisation, frequent subgraph mining and feature selection. We demonstrate the defect-localisation qualities of our approach with a study on defects introduced into Weka. As a result, defect localisation now works much better, and a developer has to investigate on average only 1.5 out of 30 methods to fix a defect

Tracing the Evolution of Temperature in Near Fermi Energy Heavy Ion Collisions

The kinetic energy variation of emitted light clusters has been employed as a clock to explore the time evolution of the temperature for thermalizing composite systems produced in the reactions of 26A, 35A and 47A MeV $^{64}$Zn with $^{58}$Ni, $^{92}$Mo and $^{197}$Au. For each system investigated, the double isotope ratio temperature curve exhibits a high maximum apparent temperature, in the range of 10-25 MeV, at high ejectile velocity. These maximum values increase with increasing projectile energy and decrease with increasing target mass. The time at which the maximum in the temperature curve is reached ranges from 80 to 130 fm/c after contact. For each different target, the subsequent cooling curves for all three projectile energies are quite similar. Temperatures comparable to those of limiting temperature systematics are reached 30 to 40 fm/c after the times corresponding to the maxima, at a time when AMD-V transport model calculations predict entry into the final evaporative or fragmentation stage of de-excitation of the hot composite systems. Evidence for the establishment of thermal and chemical equilibrium is discussed.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figure

The Physics of the Colloidal Glass Transition

As one increases the concentration of a colloidal suspension, the system exhibits a dramatic increase in viscosity. Structurally, the system resembles a liquid, yet motions within the suspension are slow enough that it can be considered essentially frozen. This kinetic arrest is the colloidal glass transition. For several decades, colloids have served as a valuable model system for understanding the glass transition in molecular systems. The spatial and temporal scales involved allow these systems to be studied by a wide variety of experimental techniques. The focus of this review is the current state of understanding of the colloidal glass transition. A brief introduction is given to important experimental techniques used to study the glass transition in colloids. We describe features of colloidal systems near and in glassy states, including tremendous increases in viscosity and relaxation times, dynamical heterogeneity, and ageing, among others. We also compare and contrast the glass transition in colloids to that in molecular liquids. Other glassy systems are briefly discussed, as well as recently developed synthesis techniques that will keep these systems rich with interesting physics for years to come.Comment: 56 pages, 18 figures, Revie

Identification of chemokine receptors as potential modulators of endocrine resistance in oestrogen receptor–positive breast cancers

Introduction Endocrine therapies target oestrogenic stimulation of breast cancer (BC) growth, but resistance remains problematic. Our aims in this study were (1) to identify genes most strongly associated with resistance to endocrine therapy by intersecting global gene transcription data from patients treated presurgically with the aromatase inhibitor anastrazole with those from MCF7 cells adapted to long-term oestrogen deprivation (LTED) (2) to assess the clinical value of selected genes in public clinical data sets and (3) to determine the impact of targeting these genes with novel agents. Methods Gene expression and Ki67 data were available from 69 postmenopausal women with oestrogen receptor–positive (ER+) early BC, at baseline and 2 weeks after anastrazole treatment, and from cell lines adapted to LTED. The functional consequences of target genes on proliferation, ER-mediated transcription and downstream cell signalling were assessed. Results By intersecting genes predictive of a poor change in Ki67 with those upregulated in LTED cells, we identified 32 genes strongly correlated with poor antiproliferative response that were associated with inflammation and/or immunity. In a panel of LTED cell lines, C-X-C chemokine receptor type 7 (CXCR7) and CXCR4 were upregulated compared to their wild types (wt), and CXCR7, but not CXCR4, was associated with reduced relapse-free survival in patients with ER+ BC. The CXCR4 small interfering RNA variant (siCXCR4) had no specific effect on the proliferation of wt-SUM44, wt-MCF7 and their LTED derivatives. In contrast, siCXCR7, as well as CCX733, a CXCR7 antagonist, specifically suppressed the proliferation of MCF7-LTED cells. siCXCR7 suppressed proteins associated with G1/S transition and inhibited ER transactivation in MCF7-LTED, but not wt-MCF7, by impeding association between ER and proline-, glutamic acid– and leucine-rich protein 1, an ER coactivator. Conclusions These data highlight CXCR7 as a potential therapeutic target warranting clinical investigation in endocrine-resistant BC

The role of temporary accommodation buildings for post-disaster housing reconstruction

The number of houses damaged or destroyed after disasters is frequently large, and re-housing of homeless people is one of the most important tasks of reconstruction programmes. Reconstruction works often last long and during that time, it is essential to provide victims with the minimum conditions to live with dignity, privacy, and protection. This research intends to demonstrate the crucial role of temporary accommodation buildings to provide spaces where people can live and gradually resume their life until they have a permanent house. The study also aims to identify the main problems of temporary accommodation strategies and to discuss some principles and guidelines in order to reach better design solutions. It is found that temporary accommodation is an issue that goes beyond the simple provision of buildings, since the whole space for temporary settlement is important. Likewise, temporary accommodation is a process that should start before a disaster occurs, as a preventive pre-planning. In spite of being temporary constructions, these housing buildings are one of the most important elements to provide in emergency scenarios, contributing for better recovery and reconstruction actions.The first author gratefully acknowledges the financial support of Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, FCT, through grant SFRH/BD/73853/2010

Refurbishment of public housing villas in the United Arab Emirates (UAE): energy and economic impact

© 2016, Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht. This study aims at assessing the technical and economic benefits of refurbishing existing public housing villas in the UAE. Four representative federal public housing villas built between 1980s and 2010s were modeled and analyzed. The Integrated Environmental Solutions-Virtual Environment (IES-VE) energy modeling software was used to estimate the energy consumption and savings due to different refurbishment configurations applied to the villas. The refurbishment technical configurations were based on the UAE’s Estidama green buildings sustainability assessment system. The refurbishment configurations include upgrading three elements: the wall and roof insulation as well as replacing the glazing. The annual electricity savings results indicated that the most cost-efficient refurbishment strategy is upgrading of wall insulation (savings up to 20.8 %) followed by upgrading the roof’s insulation (savings up to 11.6 %) and lastly replacing the glazing (savings up to 3.2 %). When all three elements were refurbished simultaneously, savings up to 36.7 % were achieved (villa model 670). The savings translated to CO2 emission reduction of 22.6 t/year. The simple and discounted payback periods for the different configurations tested ranged between 8 and 28 and 10 and 50 years, respectively