Image analysis of characteristics of fluctuations of thermal mannequin's surface temperature distributions using time series infrared images

The final goal of this study was to propose a visualization method of heat transfer distributions over the human body in the indoor environment under cross ventilation conditions. Distributions of thermal mannequin's surface temperature fluctuations were visualized by image processing on infrared animations recorded at 30Hz sampling rate, and their characteristics were analyzed, as the first step of this study. At first, the influence of air velocity fluctuations on surface temperature fluctuations of thermal mannequin was visualized in the experimental room under cross ventilated cases and under air conditioned cases. An image processing method to transfer the infrared animations to power spectrum images was proposed in order to clarify the frequency of surface temperature fluctuations. And the distributions of sensible heat on thermal mannequin's surfaces were also visualized by classifying the pixels of power spectrum images by the cluster analysis and calculating the correction coefficient that was defined on each cluster for multiplying to roughly estimated value of sensible heat using the mean heat transfer coefficient

Middle Power Measurement in Semi-tethered Swimming using Ergometer Attachment

The purposes of this study weie to measure middle power, energy which had been supplied mainly from the lactic acid system, during swimming using an ergometer attachment and to evaluate swimming performance by this middle power To perform these purposes, a middle power measurement test in semi-tethered swimming (STS33) using an ergometer attachment was developed In STS33, the load of the ergometer attachment was set to 7.0kg and the power measurement interval was set at 5.0 seconds The subject was instructed to swim at full strength for 33.0 seconds Power measurements using the ergometer attachment were taken 3 times during the 33.0 seconds at the end of 10s, 20s and 30s respectively The first measurement (1st measured phase) was taken between 5 and 10 seconds from the start of the swim The second measurement (2nd measured phase) was taken between 15 and 20 seconds of the swim, and the third measuiement (3rd measured phase) was taken between 25 and 30 seconds from the start of the swim by the present investigators As in preliminary experiments, the exercise intensity of the STS33 was measured as the average blood lactate concentration produced by the work rate After each STS33, a blood sample was taken by a licensed nurse under supervision of a medical doctor Subjects were 5 junior elite swimmers designated to tram by the N prefecture Swim Association The group mean post exercise blood lactate concentration was 10 5mM/l These concentration of blood lactate was greater than the OBLA measurement of 4mM for lactate accumulation developing in the middle phase of a swim trial This result led to the conclusion that the STS33 test could be used to evaluate the middle power In a main experiment, 21 male elite junior swimmers were measured Middle power in swimming in each subject was measured by the above-mentioned STS33 and the relationship between the group mean middle power and group mean total swim time was analyzed The relationship between the average power (P watt) of the 3 measured phases in STS33 and swimming velocity (V m/sec) in 50m event was P =-134.53 + 87.02 V (r = 0.880, p≦0.001) The relationship between the average power (P) of the 3 phases in STS33 and swimming velocity (V) in 100m event was given by P = - 191.95 + 128.92 V ( r=0 940, p≦O.001) From these results, the middle power in STS33 is appropriate for evaluating swimming performances in 50m and 100m event

The cytotoxicity of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. coreanensis A2316 strain against the human leukemic T cell

Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. coreanensis A2316 is a newly isolated strain from Yonakunijima Island in Japan. It produces the proteinaceous inclusion body (crystal) which has no insecticidal and hemolytic activities. When the crystal proteins were digested by proteinase K, they exhibited the strong cytotoxicity against human leukemic T cell, MOLT-4. The proteinase K-digested A2316 crystal proteins have little damage upon the cell membrane of MOLT-4, suggesting that the cell death of MOLT-4 was induced through a mechanism other than the colloid-osmotic swelling and cell lysis as caused by hitherto known B. thuringiensis crystal proteins. The 29-kDa polypeptide proved to be an active component of the proteinase K-digested A2316 crystal proteins. EC(50) of the purified 29-kDa polypeptide was 0.0579 μg/ml. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of the 29-kDa polypeptide was identical with that of p29 produced by B. thuringiensis A1519 strain and shared no significant homology with all the known proteins, suggesting that this polypeptide belong to a new family of B. thuringiensis crystal proteins

Development of a minimal photosystem for hydrogen production in inorganic chemical cells

Inorganic chemical cells (iCHELLs) are compartment structures consisting of polyoxometalates (POMs) and cations, offering structured and confined reaction spaces bounded by membranes. We have constructed a system capable of efficient anisotropic and hierarchical photo‐induced electron transfer across the iCHELL membrane. Mimicking photosynthesis, our system uses proton gradients between the compartment and the bulk to drive efficient conversion of light into chemical energy, producing hydrogen upon irradiation. This illustrates the power of the iCHELL approach for catalysis, where the structure, compartmentalisation and variation in possible components could be utilised to approach a wide range of reactions

AKS inom vård av äldre ur Nordiska sjuksköterskors perspektiv : Utveckling av en ny arbetsmodell för AKS inom äldrevård

Den framtida hälso- och sjukvården i Norden kommer att ställas inför en rad nya utmaningar. Medellivslängden ökar och den åldrande befolkningen får mer krävande och komplexa behov. En högre kompetens inom främst vården av äldre är starkt efterfrågad. Ett led i att försöka bemöta det ökade behovet av komptens är införandet av avancerade kliniska sjuksköterskor (AKS) inom hälso-och sjukvården. AKS är specialistutbildade sjuksköterskor med masterexamen. En högre kompetens inom farmakologi, patofysiologi och klinisk undersökningsmetodik i samverkan med exempelvis geriatrik ger AKS en bättre utgångspunkt i arbetet med de åldrande patienterna och deras hälsa. Syftet med denna studie var att utifrån sjuksköterskors synvinkel studera hur problematiken ser ut inom dagens äldrevård i de nordiska länderna (Sverige, Danmark, Norge och Färöarna) samt på vilket sätt en AKS skulle kunna vara en resurs inom äldrevården och vilka arbetsuppgifter denne skulle kunna ha. Metoden som användes var kvalitativ semistrukturerad intervjustudie och det insamlade materialet bestod av 5 intervjuer med vidareutbildade sjuksköterskor ifrån respektive land. Innehållet analyserades sedan genom tematisk innehållsanalys. Resultatet mynnade ut i 3 huvudkatergorier: Dagens äldrevård, AKS arbetsuppgifter och det nya. Det visade sig att sjuksköterskorna upplevde många brister med dagens vård. Patienterna upplevdes vara tvungna att åka fram och tillbaka för bedömningar och behandlingar som många gånger kunnat utföras på plats om kompetens fanns tillgänglig. Behovet bland kollegor och övrig personal var även stort när det gäller konsultation, rådgivning och undervisning. AKS rollen upplevdes som något mycket positivt men känslan genomsyrades ändå av en stor ambivalens inför denna nya funktion. Utifrån resultatet och teoretiska studier utvecklades en arbetsmodell för AKS inom primär och hemsjukvård. Språk: Svenska Nyckelord: Advanced practice nurse and primary health-care, roles, development and experiences.The health organizations in the Nordic countries are going to experience big challenges in future. This is mainly concerning the abilities of providing care for elderly people. The Nordic countries and Europe is facing a growing amount of population over 65 years and older. They are demanding more efficient care and are often suffering from multiple variation of diseases in the same time the number of physicians and nurses with special education is decreasing. This has led to the need of educate nurses with more clinically demanding skills, the APN. The aim of this study was to explore the problems with elderly care of today and determine how the new role as APN can assist in improving the care. And also what kind of duties the APN would be responsible of. The method that was used was a qualitative semi structured interview study with 5 nurses as participants from the Nordic countries (Sweden, Norway, Denmark and the Faroe Irelands). The material was analyzed with a thematic content analysis. Findings in the study show that elderly people has a complex situation, they often have to move from one institution to another for examination and treatment when they instead would have been able to be taken care of in their home if the competence would have been high enough. Colleague nurses and other employees would appreciate the APN as a consult and adviser. The participants of the study had a very positive impression of this APN but still you could recognize some kind of ambivalence or hesitation among them for this new role. Together with the results of the study and scientific research a working model has been created for the APN in primary health care and homecare. Language: Swedish Keywords Advanced practice nurse and primary health-care, roles , development and experiences

Structural, Magnetic, and Electrochemical Characterization of Iron(III) and Cobalt Complexes with Penta-N3O2-dentate Ligands

Six new mononuclear [FeIII(LBr,Cl)X]-complexes (LBr,Cl is the dianionic penta-N3O2-dentate Schiff base ligand N,N′-bis(2’-hydroxy-3-bromo-5-chlorobenzylidene)-1,6-diamino-3-azahexane; X: Cl−, N3−, NCO−, NCS−, NCSe−, CN−) were synthesized and their structures, magnetic and electrochemical properties studied. Structure analysis and magnetic measurements showed that [FeIII(LBr,Cl)CN] is in the low spin state and the other five complexes are in high spin states. Furthermore, the trinuclear mixed valent cobalt complex {[CoIII(LH,H)CN]2[CoII(1-methylimidazole)3(H2O)]} was prepared and its magnetic behavior studied. © 2021 The Authors. European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry published by Wiley-VCH Gmb

A Case of Holocord Leptomeningeal Dissemination from Cerebellar Hemangioblastoma without von Hippel-Lindau Disease

Hemangioblastoma disseminated along leptomeninges from the solitary cranial lesion without von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease is a quite rare instance with 23 cases reported in 40 years. We add a new case and discuss these rare instances. A 55-year-old female underwent surgery for total removal of cerebellar hemangioblastoma. Twenty months later, magnetic resonance (MR) images of the spinal cord revealed a tumor compressing the thoracic cord at T3-4 level which was removed en bloc by emergent spinal surgery. However, paraplegia and bowel bladder dysfunction recurred 5 months after the spinal surgery. Spine MR images showed diffuse enhancement of subarachnoid space. Exploratory surgery disclosed that the enhanced lesion was disseminated hemangioblastoma. After whole spinal irradiation, she was transferred to a palliative care hospital. Even after complete removal, possibility of leptomeningeal dissemination demands continuous follow-up. The mechanism of seeding of hemangioblastoma remains unclear, but attention must be paid to avoid spreading tumor cells during surgery because all the disseminated cases had precedent cranial surgery

Comprehensive Prospective Analysis of the Factors Contributing to Aspiration Pneumonia Following Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection in Patients with Early Gastric Neoplasms

Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has become the first-line treatment for early gastric neoplasms; however, a subset of patients treated by this method develop aspiration pneumonia. We conducted a comprehensive prospective analysis of the factors contributing to post-ESD aspiration pneumonia in early gastric neoplasms in this study, with special focus on whether pre-treatment oral care can prevent aspiration pneumonia. Sixty-one patients who underwent ESD for gastric neoplasms were randomly assigned to the oral care or control groups. ESD was performed under deep sedation. Of 60 patients whose data were available for analysis, 5 (8.3%) experienced pneumonia confirmed either by chest radiography or computed tomography. Although no difference in the rate of pneumonia was found between the control and oral care groups, the post-oral care bacteria count was significantly higher in the saliva of patients who developed pneumonia compared to those without pneumonia. In addition, the presence of vascular brain diseases and the dose of meperidine were also significantly associated with the occurrence of pneumonia. These results suggest that the number of oral bacteria as well as pre-existing vascular brain diseases and high-dose narcotics can affect the incidence of post-ESD pneumonia

テイソウ タテモノ シュウヘン ノ カゼカンキョウ チョウサ

The ground level wind speeds around a low-rise building in the college campus were observed by using 3-cup anemometers for one year. Mean wind speed ratios and gust factors at ground level are obtained. The probability distributions of mean gradient wind in this area are approximated on the basis of the Weibull distribution. The probabilities of exceeding daily maximum gust speed are calculated from these observed wind data. Then, the evaluation of the acceptability of ground level wind environment are discussed using a proposed pedestrian comfort criteria