Does an Undervalued Currency Promote Growth? Evidence from China

Whether currency devaluation promotes growth is an empirically open question. Coexistence of an undervalued currency and the world�s largest trade surplus alongside a booming economy makes China a unique case study. Using the bounds-testing approach to cointegration and error correction modeling proposed by Pesaran et al. (2001), we estimate a reduced form model for China. The findings suggest that devaluation of the Yuan is contractionary in the short run but expansionary in the long run.devaluation, output, growth, China, cointegration

The perceptions of male and female Western Australian adolescents in relation to body image and smoking

Although the numbers of adult smokers has declined, numbers of adolescent smokers have not, with females outnumbering males. Research has indicated that adolescent females have higher levels of body image dissatisfaction than males. This dissatisfaction is mostly with regard to weight, which suggests a possible association between female adolescents smoking and weight control. A study of American adolescents (Camp, Klesges & Relyea, 1993) found that adolescent females were more likely to perceive that smoking is a method of weight control and to use smoking to control their weight than adolescent males. This present study investigated the perceptions of625 Western Australian adolescents (321 males and 304 females) in the age range 13-17 years with regards to smoking and weight control. The study was a partial replication of Camp et al. (1993 ). Data were collected by way of a self-completed questionnaire based on the format used by Camp et al. Findings were not wholly consistent with Camp et al. There was a belief amongst the participants that smoking was a method of weight control, but this was not gender specific. Experimental smokers were significantly more likely than never or regular smokers to endorse the belief. The belief in smoking as a method of weight control reliably predicted regular smoking. Regular smokers of either gender that were classed as restricted eaters were more likely to smoke for weight control, than those who were not restricted eaters. In summary, there was a higher likelihood of being a regular smoker as opposed to a nonsmoker if the individual was an older female, believed that smoking controlled weight, had friends and or family members that smoked, positively evaluated the image of smokers, and was characterised as a risktaker or rebel. There was a higher likelihood of being a regular smoker as opposed to an experimental smoker if the individual was female, had friends and or family members that smoked, positively evaluated the image of smokers and was characterised as a risktaker or rebel. Implications for health educators may include the need to address the perception of smoking as a weight control method, especially amongst experimental smokers

Gender, shame, and the pantsuit

Shame is widely regarded as an awful feeling. It is usually characterized as an involuntary, negative, other‐mediated emotion about oneself, and differentiated from other uncomfortable self‐conscious emotions such as embarrassment by virtue of the fact that it involves a “negative global assessment” of oneself (Manion 2003, 2). I may feel embarrassment if, for example, I discover that I have been walking around a public space with a trail of toilet‐paper attached to my shoe; I will feel silly, self‐conscious, and possibly a corresponding desire to hide from the view of others, but this experience is not shameful because it does not prompt me to reassess my overall self‐worth. Shame emerges from an appreciation of why another would perceive one as inferior or lowly, not merely ridiculous. It has a moral dimension, distinct from that associated with guilt, because it is concerned with the status of the self. The subject of guilt is conscious of how she may have harmed others, whereas the subject of shame is aware that her personal failings may be visible. Hence, the student caught cheating on an exam may undergo the shameful realization that others have now seen her bad traits (laziness, willingness to cheat, and so on)

The farmer's small fruit plantation

Citation: Edwards, Mary Josephine. The farmer's small fruit plantation. Senior thesis, Kansas State Agricultural College, 1905.Morse Department of Special CollectionsIntroduction: In treating this subject, it is the object to speak not of commercial plantings, but of the plantings now made on hundreds of American farms, and which should be made on hundreds more, which are primarily for the owners private use and enjoyment. For this reason it will be unnecessary, in fact would be inappropriate, to treat, in detail of the history or botany of the plants to be considered. The average man who grows a strawberry on a farm today cares much more for the flavor and size of that berry and the conditions of soil and culture which will produce perfection in these lines than he does for the study of the exact leaf characteristics that will determine the botanical relation of one species to another. He is interested not in the past, in the history of the development, but in the present and the future development of the plant. For this reason we will begin with the soil and climatic conditions required for small fruit culture on a Kansas farm today. It may be well to state the general classes of plants of which we intend to speak. Besides the so-called bush fruits, which are composed of the Brambles - including Red and Black Raspberries, Blackberries and Dewberries, and the Groselles - including gooseberries and Currents -, it is the intention to treat also of the strawberry and Grape. This classification will then include all principal fruits with exception of tree fruits. These will be treated in logical order but will nearly simulate the succession of fruit throughout the season

Group placements of children with rheumatic infections: a study of group placements made by the Children's Mission to Children in the summer of 1938

This item was digitized by the Internet Archive. Thesis (M.S.)--Boston Universit

Alien Registration- Edwards, Mary (Lewiston, Androscoggin County)

https://digitalmaine.com/alien_docs/29743/thumbnail.jp