Desarrollo y aplicación de sistemas rápidos para la detección, indentificación y caracterización de levaduras alterantes de alimentos.

RESUMEN La importancia de las levaduras se conoce desde hace mucho tiempo y con el desarrollo de la industria, se utilizan no sólo para la elaboración de un gran número de productos fermentados (cerveza, vino, quesos y embutidos), sino también para la producción de antibióticos, vitaminas, enzimas, etc. Sin embargo, las levaduras tienen también un aspecto negativo, debido a su potencial como alterantes de alimentos, lo que implica pérdidas económicas importantes para las industrias. En el presente trabajo se abordan aspectos relacionados con la identificación y caracterización molecular de algunas de las especies típicamente alterantes, pertenecientes a los géneros Debaryomyces, Zygosaccharomyces, Dekkera, Pichia y Saccharomyces. El objetivo es proporcionar a las industrias sistemas nuevos de identificación rápida de levaduras así como mostrar, con ejemplos concretos, la utilidad de la aplicación de las técnicas moleculares para resolver problemas a nivel industrial. Así, se ha determinado que la comparación de secuencias de la región ribosómica 5,8S-ITS y del gen de la actina resulta el método más óptimo para identificar de forma rápida y precisa las especies del género Debaryomyces, que están implicadas en la alteración de alimentos procesados. Además, el presente trabajo muestra cómo la aplicación de técnicas moleculares es de gran utilidad para determinar las levaduras alterantes a lo largo de la cadena de producción alimentaria. En el presente trabajo, se muestran dos ejemplos de contaminación en la industria, en concreto en la producción de turrón de frutas confitadas y en la elaboración de vino. Mediante las técnicas de RFLPs del mtDNA y RAPD-PCR se identificó la especie Zygosaccharomyces bailii como la levadura responsable de la alteración de dichos turrones, siendo los jarabes usados para macerar las frutas el origen de contaminación en la cadena de producción. Además, la caracterización fisiológica de dichas cepas, permitió evidenciar el potencial alterante de estas levaduras, ya que presentan una elevada resistencia a conservantes alimentarios, adaptación a bajo pH y baja aw. Por otro lado, la utilización de medios selectivos, como el DBDM, así como la técnica de análisis de restricción de la región 5,8S-ITS, permitieron identificar las especies Dekkera bruxellensis y Pichia guilliermondii como las levaduras alterantes más peligrosas en el vino, por su gran capacidad para producir elevados niveles de 4-etilfenol, responsables de olores desagradables en el vino. Mediante las técnicas de RFLPs mtDNA con HinfI y RAPD-PCR se determinó que el origen de contaminación de D. bruxellensis se produce antes del envejecimiento en barrica, y que las levaduras de la especie P. guilliermondii están presentes en las uvas y raspones, por lo que proceden del exterior de la bodega. Finalmente, y dado que la determinación del número de levaduras resulta esencial para los programas de conservación de alimentos, se consideró de gran interés desarrollar una técnica que permitiera la identificación y simultánea cuantificación de levaduras directamente en el alimento. En el presente trabajo, se ha desarrollado un protocolo de PCR a tiempo real específico para S. cerevisiae utilizando SYBR-Green como agente fluorescente. Dicha técnica resultó ser muy sensible, permitiendo la detección de 3-5 UFC/mL en vino. El sistema de PCR a tiempo real desarrollado es también útil para cuantificar de forma precisa el número de células de S. cerevisiae presentes en el vino, permitiendo de esta manera estimar el riesgo de alteración del vino durante su almacenamiento y distribución. Además, el sistema se puede extender a otros alimentos y bebidas donde S. cerevisiae puede causar alteración. __________________________________________________________________________________________________Yeasts have been shown to be involved in the spoilage of an extensive range of foods, causing enormous economic losses. Consequently, a rapid and accurate identification of common spoilage yeasts is essential to detect and prevent food spoilage. In the present study, we assessed the identification of the Debaryomyces species. We found that these species can be identified both quickly and correctly by direct sequence comparison of the ribosomal 5.8S-ITS region and Actin gene. Moreover, the present work have shown two examples of the usefulness of the molecular monitoring of spoilage yeasts to solve contamination problems in the industry, specifically in the production of candied fruit nougats and in winemaking. Using RFLPs of mtDNA and RAPD-PCR for strain characterization, we determine that a strain of Zygosaccharomyces bailii was the responsible of the nougats alteration. Furthermore, physiological characterization showed that this isolate displayed a particular resistance to weak-acid preservatives, extreme osmotolerance, ability to adapt to high glucose concentrations, ability to vigorously ferment glucose and growth at low pH. Therefore, this strain can be considerate as significant spoiler of sugary products. By other hand, we studied those yeasts wich are responsible of spoilage in wine. We conclude that D. bruxellensis and P. guilliermondii are capable to produce high amounts of 4- ethylphenol and, consequently, off flavors in wine. Using RFLPs of mtDNA with HinfI and RAPD-PCR we could determine that D. bruxellensis strains are present in the wine before the aging in the barriques, so the contamination is not originating from the barrique wood. Moreover, the origin of P.guilliermondii is the vineyard, and the insects are vectors for its propagation within the winery. Finally, in order to provide winemakers with a rapid method to detect and prevent wine spoilage caused by Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we have developed a real-time PCR protocol. The method is very sensitive, and it is useful to estimate between 3.8 and 5 CFU/ml of S. cerevisiae directly in sweet and red wines respectively. Real-time PCR designed is useful to accurately quantify S. cerevisiae cells present in wine, and it could be adapted to other kinds of food where S. cerevisiae could cause spoilage

El uso de medios sociales en entornos académicos: estudio de caso de la Facultad de Comunicación de la Universitat Internacional de Catalunya

El uso de los medios sociales en el entorno académico universitario como herramienta para acceder a la información y al conocimiento por parte de los estudiantes resulta cada vez más habitual. El dominio de estas herramientas por parte de la denominada "generación Z" permite que se hayan implementado con fuerza tanto en su vida cotidiana como en sus rutinas de aprendizaje. Este trabajo pretende descubrir qué herramientas y medios sociales –incluyendo los espacios virtuales de aprendizaje ofrecidos por la propia universidad– usan los estudiantes universitarios, objetivo que se concreta describiendo las tareas más habituales destinadas a cumplir esta función: encontrar apuntes, buscar información para hacer trabajos, resolver dudas del temario con profesores, resolver dudas con otros estudiantes, pedir apuntes, comparar trabajos con los de otros compañeros, obtener información sobre notas, horarios, calendario de exámenes o preguntar cuándo hay que entregar un trabajo. Para ello, se realizó una encuesta administrada a una muestra representativa de 231 estudiantes universitarios de la Facultad de Comunicación de la Universidad Internacional de Catalunya, junto con dos entrevistas en profundidad de carácter exploratorio que contribuyeron a definir el diseño del cuestionario. Los resultados obtenidos reflejan una preponderancia clara de dos herramientas: Whatsapp y el correo electrónico, tanto si se trata de tareas orientadas a acceder a la información y al conocimiento, como a actividades vinculadas al funcionamiento y a la dinámica de las clases

Molecular typing of the yeast species Dekkera bruxellensis and Pichia guilliermondii recovered from wine related sources

A total of 63 strains of Dekkera bruxellensis and 32 strains of Pichia guilliermondii isolated from wine related environments were identified by restriction analysis of the 5.8S-ITS region of the rDNA. These strains were subjected to intraspecific discrimination using mtDNA restriction and RAPD-PCR analysis. The isolates identified as D. bruxellensis yielded 3 different molecular patterns of mtDNA restriction using the endonuclease HinfI. The pattern A was the most frequent (58 strains) among strains from different sources, regions and countries. Pattern B (4 strains) and C (one strain) were determined in isolates from Portuguese wines. The discrimination among the pattern A strains was achieved by a RAPD-PCR assay with 3 primers (OPA-2, OPA-3 and OPA-9). A total of 12 haplotypes were obtained with the combination of the patterns provided by the 3 OPAs. The pattern 2 was the most frequent and extensively distributed being found in strains from different countries and from different sources like wine, barrique wood and insects. The strains of P. guilliermondii were characterized with restriction of mtDNA using the endonuclease HinfI yielding 7 different restriction patterns. These patterns were associated with different efficiencies of 4-ethylphenol production. Patterns A to D corresponded to 19 strains producing low levels of 4-ethylphenol (50 mg/l), when grown in synthetic media supplemented with 100 mg/l of p-coumaric acid. The high degree of polymorphism observed shows that intraspecific typing is essential for accurate yeast dissemination studies in wine related environments.www.elsevier.com/locate/ijfoodmicro DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2005.05.01

Preservation of critical quality attributes of mesenchymal stromal cells in 3D bioprinted structures by using natural hydrogel scaffolds

Three dimensional (3D) bioprinting is an emerging technology that enables complex spatial modeling of cell-based tissue engineering products, whose therapeutic potential in regenerative medicine is enormous. However, its success largely depends on the definition of a bioprintable zone, which is specific for each combination of cell-loaded hydrogels (or bioinks) and scaffolds, matching the mechanical and biological characteristics of the target tissue to be repaired. Therefore proper adjustment of the bioink formulation requires a compromise between: (i) the maintenance of cellular critical quality attributes (CQA) within a defined range of specifications to cell component, and (ii) the mechanical characteristics of the printed tissue to biofabricate. Herein, we investigated the advantages of using natural hydrogel-based bioinks to preserve the most relevant CQA in bone tissue regeneration applications, particularly focusing on cell viability and osteogenic potential of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) displaying tripotency in vitro, and a phenotypic profile of 99.9% CD105(+)/CD45,(-) 10.3% HLA-DR,(+) 100.0% CD90,(+) and 99.2% CD73(+)/CD31(-) expression. Remarkably, hyaluronic acid, fibrin, and gelatin allowed for optimal recovery of viable cells, while preserving MSC's proliferation capacity and osteogenic potency in vitro. This was achieved by providing a 3D structure with a compression module below 8.8 +/- 0.5 kPa, given that higher values resulted in cell loss by mechanical stress. Beyond the biocompatibility of naturally occurring polymers, our results highlight the enhanced protection on CQA exerted by bioinks of natural origin (preferably HA, gelatin, and fibrin) on MSC, bone marrow during the 3D bioprinting process, reducing shear stress and offering structural support for proliferation and osteogenic differentiation

Coffee silverskin extract protects against accelerated aging caused by oxidative agents

Nowadays, coffee beans are almost exclusively used for the preparation of the beverage. The sustainability of coffee production can be achieved introducing new applications for the valorization of coffee by-products. Coffee silverskin is the by-product generated during roasting, and because of its powerful antioxidant capacity, coffee silverskin aqueous extract (CSE) may be used for other applications, such as antiaging cosmetics and dermaceutics. This study aims to contribute to the coffee sector’s sustainability through the application of CSE to preserve skin health. Preclinical data regarding the antiaging properties of CSE employing human keratinocytes and Caenorhabditis elegans are collected during the present study. Accelerated aging was induced by tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BOOH) in HaCaT cells and by ultraviolet radiation C (UVC) in C. elegans. Results suggest that the tested concentrations of coffee extracts were not cytotoxic, and CSE 1 mg/mL gave resistance to skin cells when oxidative damage was induced by t-BOOH. On the other hand, nematodes treated with CSE (1 mg/mL) showed a significant increased longevity compared to those cultured on a standard diet. In conclusion, our results support the antiaging properties of the CSE and its great potential for improving skin health due to its antioxidant character associated with phenols among other bioactive compounds present in the botanical materialThe authors are grateful for the financial support from the SUSCOFFEE Project (AGL2014-57239-R) and the NATURAGE Project (AGL2010-17779). This work was partially funded by a Santander Small and Medium Enterprises Work Placement Grant in Beacon Biomedicine. Amaia Iriondo is a fellow of the FPI predoctoral program of the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (BES-2015-072191). Konstantinos Stamatakis is a recipient of an Asociación Española Contra el Cancer fellowship.We acknowledge support by the CSIC Open Access Publication Initiative through its Unit of Information Resources for Research (URICI)

Improving lifespan automation for Caenorhabditis elegans by using image processing and a post-processing adaptive data filter

[EN] Automated lifespan determination for C. elegans cultured in standard Petri dishes is challenging. Problems include occlusions of Petri dish edges, aggregation of worms, and accumulation of dirt (dust spots on lids) during assays, etc. This work presents a protocol for a lifespan assay, with two image-processing pipelines applied to different plate zones, and a new data post-processing method to solve the aforementioned problems. Specifically, certain steps in the culture protocol were taken to alleviate aggregation, occlusions, contamination, and condensation problems. This method is based on an active illumination system and facilitates automated image sequence analysis, does not need human threshold adjustments, and simplifies the techniques required to extract lifespan curves. In addition, two image-processing pipelines, applied to different plate zones, were employed for automated lifespan determination. The first image-processing pipeline was applied to a wall zone and used only pixel level information because worm size or shape features were unavailable in this zone. However, the second image-processing pipeline, applied to the plate centre, fused information at worm and pixel levels. Simple death event detection was used to automatically obtain lifespan curves from the image sequences that were captured once daily throughout the assay. Finally, a new post-processing method was applied to the extracted lifespan curves to filter errors. The experimental results showed that the errors in automated counting of live worms followed the Gaussian distribution with a mean of 2.91% and a standard deviation of +/- 12.73% per Petri plate. Post-processing reduced this error to 0.54 +/- 8.18% per plate. The automated survival curve incurred an error of 4.62 +/- 2.01%, while the post-process method reduced the lifespan curve error to approximately 2.24 +/- 0.55%.This study was also supported by the CDTI agency of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness with CIEN project SMARTFOODS, Universitat PolitAcnica de Valencia with Project 20170020-UPV, Plan Nacional de I + D with Project RTI2018-094312-B-I00 and by European FEDER funds. ADM Nutrition, Biopolis SL and Archer Daniels Midland provided support in the form of salaries for authors P. M. Guerola and S. G. Martinez.Puchalt-Rodríguez, JC.; Sánchez Salmerón, AJ.; Ivorra Martínez, E.; Genovés Martínez, S.; Martínez, R.; Martorell Guerola, P. (2020). Improving lifespan automation for Caenorhabditis elegans by using image processing and a post-processing adaptive data filter. Scientific Reports. 10(1):1-14. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-65619-4114101Brenner, S. The Genetics Of Caenorhabditis Elegans. Genetics 77, 71–94 (1974).Tissenbaum, H. A. & Using, C. Elegans for aging research. Invertebr. Reproduction & Dev. 59, 59–63, https://doi.org/10.1080/07924259.2014.940470 (2015).Amrit, F. R. G., Ratnappan, R., Keith, S. A. & Ghazi, A. The C. elegans lifespan assay toolkit. Methods 68, 465–475, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymeth.2014.04.002 (2014).Guarente, L. & Kenyon, C. Genetic pathways that regulate ageing in model organisms. Nature 408, 255 (2000).Hosono, R. Age dependent changes in the behavior of Caenorhabditis elegans on attraction to Escherichia coli. Exp. Gerontol. 13, 31–36, https://doi.org/10.1016/0531-5565(78)90027-X (1978).Hosono, R. Sterilization and growth inhibition of Caenorhabditis elegans by 5-fluorodeoxyuridine. Exp. Gerontol. 13, 369–373, https://doi.org/10.1016/0531-5565(78)90047-5 (1978).Kenyon, C. J. The genetics of ageing. Nature 464, 504 (2010).Klass, M. R. Aging in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans: Major biological and environmental factors influencing life span. Mech. Ageing Dev. 6, 413–429, https://doi.org/10.1016/0047-6374(77)90043-4 (1977).Walker, D. W., McColl, G., Jenkins, N. L., Harris, J. & Lithgow, G. J. Evolution of lifespan in C. elegans. Nature 405, 296–297, https://doi.org/10.1038/35012693 (2000).Hertweck, M. & Baumeister, R. Automated assays to study longevity in C. elegans. In Mechanisms of Ageing and Development 126, 139–145, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mad.2004.09.010 (2005).Puckering, T. et al. Automated Wormscan. F1000Research 6, 192, https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.10767.2 (2017).Stroustrup, N. et al. The Caenorhabditis elegans Lifespan Machine. Nat. methods 10, 665–70, https://doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.2475 NIHMS150003 (2013).Swierczek, N. A., Giles, A. C., Rankin, C. H. & Kerr, R. A. High-throughput behavioral analysis in C. elegans. Nat. Methods 8, 592–U112, https://doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.1625 (2011).Puchalt, J. C., Sánchez-Salmerón, A.-J., Martorell Guerola, P. & Genovés Martínez, S. Active backlight for automating visual monitoring: An analysis of a lighting control technique for Caenorhabditis elegans cultured on standard Petri plates. Plos One 14, e0215548 (2019).Chen, W. et al. Segmenting Microscopy Images of Multi-Well Plates Based on Image Contrast. Microsc. Microanal. 23, 932–937, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927617012375 (2017).Cronin, C. J. et al. An automated system for measuring parameters of nematode sinusoidal movement. BMC GENETICS 6, https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2156-6-5 (2005).Fontaine, E., Burdick, J. & Barr, A. Automated Tracking of Multiple C. Elegans. In 2006 International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 3716–3719, https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.2006.260657 (2006).Geng, W., Cosman, P., Baek, J.-H., Berry, C. C. & Schafer, W. R. Quantitative Classification and Natural Clustering of Caenorhabditis elegans Behavioral Phenotypes. Genetics 165, 1117 LP–1126 (2003).Geng, W., Cosman, P., Berry, C. C., Feng, Z. & Schafer, W. R. Automatic tracking, feature extraction and classification of C. elegans phenotypes. IEEE Transactions on Biomed. Eng. 51, 1811–1820, https://doi.org/10.1109/TBME.2004.831532 (2004).Jung, S. K., Aleman-Meza, B., Riepe, C. & Zhong,W. QuantWorm: A comprehensive software package for Caenorhabditis elegans phenotypic assays. Plos One 9, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0084830 (2014).Kainmueller, D., Jug, F., Rother, C. & Myers, G. Active Graph Matching for Automatic Joint Segmentation and Annotation of C. elegans BT - Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention – MICCAI 2014. 81–88 (Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2014).Mathew, M. D., Mathew, N. D. & Ebert, P. R. WormScan: A Technique for High-Throughput Phenotypic Analysis of Caenorhabditis elegans. Plos One 7, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0033483 (2012).Raviv, T. R. et al. Morphology-Guided Graph Search for Untangling Objects: C. elegans Analysis BT - Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention – MICCAI 2010. 634–641 (Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2010).Restif, C. et al. CeleST: Computer Vision Software for Quantitative Analysis of C. elegans Swim Behavior Reveals Novel Features of Locomotion. Plos Comput. Biol. 10, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1003702 (2014).Roussel, N., Morton, C. A., Finger, F. P. & Roysam, B. A Computational Model for C. elegans Locomotory Behavior: Application to Multiworm Tracking. IEEE Transactions on Biomed. Eng. 54, 1786–1797, https://doi.org/10.1109/TBME.2007. 894981 (2007).Tsechpenakis, G., Bianchi, L., Metaxas, D. N. & Driscoll, M. A novel computational approach for simultaneous tracking and feature extraction of C. elegans populations in fluid environments. IEEE Transactions on Biomed. Eng. 55, 1539–1549, https://doi.org/10.1109/TBME.2008.918582 (2008).Wählby, C. et al. An image analysis toolbox for high-throughput C. elegans assays. Nat. methods 9, 714–6, https://doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.1984 (2012).Churgin, M. A. et al. Longitudinal imaging of Caenorhabditis elegans in a microfabricated device reveals variation in behavioral decline during aging. eLife 6, https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.26652 (2017).Aitlhadj, L. & Stürzenbaum, S. R. The use of FUdR can cause prolonged longevity in mutant nematodes. Mech. Ageing Dev. 131, 364–365, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mad.2010.03.002 (2010).Stiernagle, T. Maintenance of C. elegans, https://doi.org/10.1895/wormbook.1.101.1 (2006).McGrath, P. T. et al. Quantitative Mapping of a Digenic Behavioral Trait Implicates Globin Variation in C. elegans Sensory Behaviors. Neuron 61, 692–699, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2009.02.012 (2009).Sterken, M. G., Snoek, L. B., Kammenga, J. E. & Andersen, E. C. The laboratory domestication of Caenorhabditis elegans. Trends genetics: TIG 31, 224–231, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tig.2015.02.009 (2015).Kenyon, C., Chang, J., Gensch, E., Rudner, A. & Tabtiang, R. A C. elegans mutant that lives twice as long as wild type. Nature 366, 461–464, https://doi.org/10.1038/366461a0 (1993).Dorman, J. B., Albinder, B., Shroyer, T. & Kenyon, C. The age-1 and daf-2 genes function in a common pathway to control the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans. Genetics 141, 1399–1406 (1995)

A novel micronutrient blend mimics calorie restriction transcriptomics in multiple tissues of mice and increases lifespan and mobility in C. elegans.

We previously described a novel micronutrient blend that behaves like a putative calorie restriction mimetic. The aim of this paper was to analyze the beneficial effects of our micronutrient blend in mice and C. elegans, and compare them with calorie restriction. Methods: Whole transcriptomic analysis was performed in the brain cortex, skeletal muscle and heart in three groups of mice: old controls (30 months), old + calorie restriction and old + novel micronutrient blend. Longevity and vitality were tested in C. elegans. Results: The micronutrient blend elicited transcriptomic changes in a manner similar to those in the calorie-restricted group and different from those in the control group. Subgroup analysis revealed that nuclear hormone receptor, proteasome complex and angiotensinogen genes, all of which are known to be directly related to aging, were the most affected. Furthermore, a functional analysis in C. elegans was used. We found that feeding C. elegans the micronutrient blend increased longevity as well as vitality. Conclusions: We describe a micronutrient supplement that causes similar changes (transcriptomic and promoting longevity and vitality) as a calorie restriction in mice and C. elegans, respectively, but further studies are required to confirm these effects in human

Optimización informada en el riesgo de la vigilancia y mantenimiento aplicado al sistema de disparo del reactor

Los equipos pertenecientes a Centrales Nucleares deben cumplir objetivos de fiabilidad y seguridad de funcionamiento; más aún si se trata de equipos pertenecientes a sistemas de seguridad. Las actividades de vigilancia y el plan de mantenimiento que se les asigna tienen un papel decisivo en la consecución, e incluso maximización, de dichos objetivos. En este contexto, el objetivo de la ponencia se centra en presentar el desarrollo de un método, y su aplicación, que permite la optimización integral de la vigilancia y el mantenimiento en base a criterios RAM+C (Reliability, Availability, Maintainability, Cost). El método para obtener el plan de mantenimiento óptimo se plantea como dos problema de optimización mono-objetivo, donde los parámetros asociados al plan actúan como variables de decisión mientras que los parámetros RAM+C intervienen como criterios de decisión, bien como funciones objetivo o como funciones restricción al rango de posible soluciones alternativas. Por ser un problema suficientemente complejo, que no puede ser resuelto con un método analítico, las técnicas heurísticas surgen como una alternativa viable para su resolución. Entre estas, los algoritmos genéticos tienen características que los hacen ideales para este tipo de problemas. La principal es el paralelismo implícito; es decir, la capacidad de realizar la búsqueda en más de un punto a la vez. Por ello, se propone un Algoritmo Genético mono-objetivo como técnica de optimización. Finalmente, se presenta un caso de aplicación centrado en la optimización de pruebas y mantenimientos del Sistema de Disparo del Reactor.Martorell Alsina, SS.; Villamizar León, MP.; Villanueva López, JF. (2011). Optimización informada en el riesgo de la vigilancia y mantenimiento aplicado al sistema de disparo del reactor. Sociedad Nuclear Española. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/71499

Tratamiento de las incertidumbres epistémicas en el área nuclear: Comparación de métodos alternativos en el análisis de incertidumbres y sensibilidad

El objetivo del trabajo es presentar/aplicar algunas de las distintas metodologías/técnicas que se utilizan actualmente en el análisis de incertidumbres y sensibilidad para la evaluación de las incertidumbres epistémicas, diferenciando respecto al tipo de estudio: 1) Determinista: Análisis de las incertidumbres a partir de códigos termo-hidráulicos del tipo Best - Estimate de simulación de los transitorios de planta y 2) Probabilista: Análisis de las incertidumbres a partir del Análisis Probabilista de Seguridad APS.Villamizar León, MP.; Martorell Alsina, SS.; Villanueva López, JF.; Carlos Alberola, S.; Sánchez Galdón, AI. (2012). Tratamiento de las incertidumbres epistémicas en el área nuclear: Comparación de métodos alternativos en el análisis de incertidumbres y sensibilidad. Sociedad Nuclear Española. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/71525

Antiaging effect of coffee silver-skin extract

Resumen del póster presentado al 11th International Symposium on the Maillard Reaction celebrado en Nancy (Francia) del 16 al 20 de septiembre de 2012.Peer Reviewe