The popular model annelid Enchytraeus albidus is only one species in a complex of seashore white worms (Clitellata, Enchytraeidae)

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Cryptic Clitellata: Molecular Species Delimitation of Clitellate Worms (Annelida): An Overview

Methods for species delimitation using molecular data have developed greatly and have become a staple in systematic studies of clitellate worms. Here we give a historical overview of the data and methods used to delimit clitellates from the mid-1970s to today. We also discuss the taxonomical treatment of the cryptic species, including the recommendation that cryptic species, as far as possible, should be described and named. Finally, we discuss the prospects and further development of the field

Cognettia 16S nexus file for MrBayes analysis

Cognettia 16S nexus file for MrBayes analysi

Katatopygia gen. n., a monophyletic branch segregated from Boletina (Diptera, Mycetophilidae)

The genus Katatopygia gen. n. is proposed for the Boletina erythropyga/punctus-group that was first introduced by Garrett (1924, 1925) and currently comprises eight described species. Molecular studies have strongly indicated that this group forms a monophyletic sister-group to a clade consisting of all other Boletina, Coelosia and Gnoriste, and its monophyly is supported by morphological data as well. The new genus includes the following species: Katatopygia antoma (Garrett, 1924), comb. n., Katatopygia antica (Garrett, 1924), comb. n., Katatopygia erythropyga (Holmgren, 1883), comb. n., Katatopygia hissarica (Zaitzev & Polevoi, 2002), comb. n., Katatopygia magna (Garrett, 1925), comb. n., Katatopygia laticauda (Saigusa, 1968), comb. n., Katatopygia neoerythropyga (Zaitzev & Polevoi, 2002), comb. n. and Katatopygia sahlbergi (Lundstrom, 1906), comb. n., all transferred from Boletina. K sahlbergi is found to be a senior synonym of Boletina punctus Garrett, 1925, syn. n. A phylogeny based on morphological data and using parsimony analysis yielded four most parsimonious trees where the new genus is retrieved as monophyletic with high support. Katatopygia neoerythropyga is found to be the sister-taxon to all other species that form two clades, one with K sahlbergi-like species and one with K. erythropyga-like species. A key to males of Katatopygia is provided

Data from: Katatopygia gen. n., a monophyletic branch segregated from Boletina (Diptera, Mycetophilidae)

The genus Katatopygia gen. n. is proposed for the Boletina erythropyga/punctus-group that was first introduced by Garrett (1924, 1925) and currently comprises eight described species. Molecular studies have strongly indicated that this group forms a monophyletic sister-group to a clade consisting of all other Boletina, Coelosia and Gnoriste, and its monophyly is supported by morphological data as well. The new genus includes the following species: Katatopygia antoma (Garrett, 1924), comb. n., Katatopygia antica (Garrett, 1924), comb. n., Katatopygia erythropyga (Holmgren, 1883), comb. n., Katatopygia hissarica (Zaitzev & Polevoi, 2002), comb. n., Katatopygia magna (Garrett, 1925), comb. n., Katatopygia laticauda (Saigusa, 1968), comb. n., Katatopygia neoerythropyga (Zaitzev & Polevoi, 2002), comb. n. andKatatopygia sahlbergi (Lundström, 1906), comb. n., all transferred from Boletina. Katatopygia sahlbergi is found to be a senior synonym of Boletina punctus Garrett, 1925, syn. n. A phylogeny based on morphological data and using parsimony analysis yielded four most parsimonious trees where the new genus is retrieved as monophyletic with high support. Katatopygia neoerythropyga is found to be the sister-taxon to all other species that form two clades, one with Katatopygia sahlbergi-like species and one with Katatopygia erythropyga-like species. A key to males of Katatopygia is provided

Data from: Cryptic diversity in the well-studied terrestrial worm Cognettia sphagnetorum (Clitellata: Enchytraeidae)

The terrestrial worm Cognettia sphagnetorum has been used as a model in several studies focusing on research areas such as climate change as well as forest and soil ecology; it has also been shown to play a key role in the decomposition of organic matter and nutrient cycling. Cognettia is an enchytraeid genus commonly found in acidic terrestrial habitats, such as coniferous forests and bogs. In this study, the diversity of the genus, with particular focus on the morphospecies C. sphagnetorum in northern Europe, is assessed using four molecular markers, the mitochondrial COI (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I) and16S (16S ribosomal RNA), and the nuclear H3 (Histone 3) and ITS (Internal Transcribed Spacer). The datasets were first delimited into Molecular Operational Units (MOTUs) and the existence of global barcoding-gaps was tested. Single gene-trees were then estimated for all genes using Bayesian Inference, and a species tree was estimated with all markers combined using the multi-species coalescence. The results show that in northern Europe the genus consists of at least eight MOTUs supported by all genes except H3. Four of these MOTUs were within the morphotaxon C. sphagnetorum and two within Cognettia glandulosa. C. sphagnetorum s.l. was found to be non-monophyletic in all gene-trees, as well as in the species tree. As the MOTUs were well separated and non-monophyly was observed within C. sphagnetorum s.l., we conclude that the MOTUs are best treated as separate species. Given that cryptic diversity was found in this genus, we recommend that material of Cognettia used in future studies should be identified using molecular barcodes