Emotional contagion of anxiety carer ‐ Child in pediatric dentistry

Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma Licença Creative Commons Atribuição-Não Comercial-Sem Derivações 4.0 Internacional. Para ver uma cópia desta licença, visite http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/. A licença permite compartilhar — copiar e redistribuir o material em qualquer suporte ou formato, desde que seja atribuído o crédito aos autores, fornecido um link para a licença e indicado se foram efectuadas alterações ao original. Não é permitido o uso do material para fins comerciais. Não é permitida a distribuição de material resultante da transformação do original. (Este resumo não dispensa a consulta da licença).Versão depositada: "in Press, corrected proof "."Objetivo Avaliar a existência de contágio emocional de ansiedade no par relacional encarregado de educação/criança. Métodos Foram inquiridas 41 crianças (3‐6 anos) e respetivos encarregados de educação, que compareceram a uma consulta de odontopediatria da Clínica Dentária Universitária Egas Moniz, com o recurso à aplicação de um questionário demográfico e de 2 instrumentos de medição de ansiedade, específicos de contextos de consultas médico‐dentárias; o Venham Picture Test modificado (crianças) e a versão portuguesa da Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (encarregados de educação). Os dados obtidos foram submetidos a análise estatística na versão 21 do Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, nomeadamente recorrendo aos testes de Spearman's Roh, Shapiro‐Wilk e Mann‐Whitney, considerando‐se um nível de significância de 0,05. Resultados Constatamos que não existe uma correlação significativa entre a ansiedade vivenciada pelos EE e a ansiedade manifestada pelas crianças, sendo a maioria das crianças consideradas como livres de ansiedade (56,1%) e a maioria dos encarregados de educação considerada como moderadamente ansiosa (56,1%). No mesmo registo, assinalamos o facto das crianças, em ambos os grupos, se manifestarem ligeiramente mais ansiosas nas consultas de controlo. Conclusão Apesar de não se verificar a existência de contágio emocional para a amostra estudada, é inegável a existência da problemática da ansiedade, nomeadamente quando equacionada no âmbito de consultas de medicina dentária.

A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study

Information about factors underlying peripartum complications is needed to inform health programs in Mozambique. This retrospective study covered the period from January 2013 to December 2018 and was performed at three rural-district hospitals in southern Mozambique, aiming at assessing factors associated with caesarean and peripartum complications. Data were extracted by clinical criteria-based audits on randomly select clients’ files. Logistical regression was used to identify factors associated with peripartum complications. Amongst 5068 audited files, women mean age was 25 years (Standard Deviation (SD) = 7), gestational age was 38 weeks (SD = 2), 25% had “high obstetric-risk” and 19% delivered by caesarean. Factors significantly associated with caesarean included being transferred [Adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) =1.8; 95% Confidence Interval (95%CI) = 1.3–2.6], preeclampsia [aOR (95%CI) = 2.0 (1.2–3.3)], age [aOR (95%CI) = 0.96 (0.93– 0.99)] and “high obstetric-risk” [aOR (95%CI) = 0.54 (0.37–0.78)]. Factors significantly associated with neonatal complication included mother being transferred [aOR (95%CI) = 2.1 (1.8–2.6)], “high obstetric-risk” [aOR (95%CI) = 1.6 (1.3–1.96)], preeclampsia [aOR (95%CI) = 1.5 (1.2–1.8), mother’s age [aOR (95%CI) = −2% (−3%, −0.1%)] and gestational age [aOR (95%CI) = −8% (−13%, −6%)] increment. This study identified amendable factors associated with peripartum complications in rural referral health settings. Strengthening hospitals’ performance assurance is critical to address the identified factors and improve peripartum outcomes for mothers-neonate dyads.publishersversionpublishe

Analysis of the 2015 National Health Survey

Funding Information: Funding: This research received no external funding. S.C. was a doctoral scholar partially funded by Canada Aid through the International Development Research Center grant number 102278-001 to the Mozambique’s Instituto Nacional de Saúde. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Maternity health care services utilization determines maternal and neonate outcomes. Evidence about factors associated with composite non-utilization of four or more antenatal con-sultations and intrapartum health care services is needed in Mozambique. This study uses data from the 2015 nationwide Mozambique’s Malaria, Immunization and HIV Indicators Survey. At selected representative households, women (n = 2629) with child aged up to 3 years answered a standardized structured questionnaire. Adjusted binary logistic regression assessed associations between women-child pairs characteristics and non-utilization of maternity health care. Seventy five percent (95% confidence interval (CI) = 71.8–77.7%) of women missed a health care cascade step during their last pregnancy. Higher education (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 0.65; 95% CI = 0.46–0.91), lowest wealth (AOR = 2.1; 95% CI = 1.2–3.7), rural residency (AOR = 1.5; 95% CI = 1.1–2.2), living distant from health facility (AOR = 1.5; 95% CI = 1.1–1.9) and unknown HIV status (AOR = 1.9; 95% CI = 1.4–2.7) were factors associated with non-utilization of the maternity health care cascade. The study highlights that, by 2015, recommended maternity health care cascade utilization did not cover 7 out of 10 pregnant women in Mozambique. Unfavorable sociodemographic and economic factors increase the relative odds for women not being covered by the maternity health care cascade.publishersversionpublishe

Changes in Functional Fitness, Mood States and Salivary IgA Levels after Exercise Training for 19 Weeks in Elderly Subjects

This study analysed the influence of a 19 week exercise program in the functional fitness, salivary IgA and mood states of an elderly population. Thirty three subjects with ambulatory capacity and without any medical contraindications to exercise aged between 68 and 95 years old participated and were distributed into 2 groups: 15 subjects performed aerobic exercise that included low-impact rhythmic work sequences with music, three times a week, and 18 remained sedentary. The exercising group attained improvements in all components of functional fitness with significant differences registered for aerobic endurance, lower and upper body strength. The exercising group also showed improvements in the mood states, with statistically significant less depression, less tension, less fatigue, more vigour and less anger. On the other hand, the sedentary control group showed an increase in confusion and a loss of vigour. For the exercising group salivary IgA levels were higher after the 19 week exercise program with no changes for the control group. This study shows a positive effect of exercise on physical, psychological and mucosal immune parameters in elderly populations which may improve quality of lif

Ensino e aprendizagem sobre a natureza da ciência e da tecnologia: contributo para o estudo das ideias dos alunos sobre a interdependência entre a ciência e a tecnologia

Este estudo refere-se ao problema educativo do ensino e aprendizagem da Natureza da Ciência e da Tecnologia, considerada uma componente central da literacia científica, e como tal, integrada nos programas e orientações curriculares. O principal objetivo foi avaliar o efeito da implementação de uma unidade didática na compreensão da interdependência entre a Ciência e a Tecnologia, recorrendo a instrumentos de intervenção educativa do domínio da História das Ciências. O estudo, de natureza qualitativa e quantitativa, foi efetuado com um grupo experimental e um grupo de controlo. Os dados foram obtidos através da aplicação de um pré-teste e de um pós-teste e a partir da análise das respostas dos alunos às questões colocadas. Os resultados obtidos permitiram verificar uma melhoria global das atitudes dos alunos, face à compreensão da interdependência entre a Ciência e a Tecnologia, mostrando que este tipo de intervenção constitui um recurso didático adequado; ABSTRACT: This study refers to the educational problem of teaching and learning the Nature of Science and Technology, considered a central component of Scientific Literacy, and as such integrated on science education guidelines. The main goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of the implementation of a didactic unit to understand the interdependence between science and technology, using tools of education intervention on the domain of the History of Science. The study, quantitative and qualitative, was performed with an experimental group and with a control group. The results were obtained applying a pre-test and a post-test and from an analysis of student’s answers to several questions. The results obtained showed a global improvement of student’s attitudes related to the understanding of the interdependence between science and technology, showing that this type of intervention is an appropriate teaching resource

Conceptualizing sexual and gender-based violence in European asylum reception centers

Background: Sexual and gender based violence (SGBV) is a major public health problem and a violation of human rights. Refugees, asylum seekers and migrants are exposed to a constant risk for both victimization and perpetration. Yet, in the context of European asylum reception centers (EARF) professionals are also considered to be at risk. Our study explores the conceptualization of SGBV that residents and professionals have in this specific context. Further, we intent to identify key socio-demographic characteristics that are associated with SGBV conceptualization for both groups. Methods: We developed a cross-sectional study using the Senperforto project database. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with residents (n=398) and professionals (n=202) at EARF. A principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted to variables related with knowledge on SGBV. Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were applied to understand if significant statistical association exists with socio-demographic characteristics (significant level 0.5%). Results: The majority of residents were male (64.6%), aged from 19 to 29years (41.4%) and single (66.8%); for professionals the majority were women (56.2%), aged from 30 to 39years (42.3%) and married (56.8%). PCA for residents resulted in 14 dimensions of SGBV representing 83.56% of the total variance of the data, while for professionals it resulted in 17 dimensions that represent 86.92% of the total variance of the data. For both groups differences in SGBV conceptualization were found according to host country, sex, age and marital status. Specific for residents we found differences according to the time of arrival to Europe/host country and type of accommodation, while for professionals differences were found according to legal status and education skills. Conclusion: Residents and professionals described different conceptualization of SGBV, with specific types of SGBV not being recognized as a violent act. Primary preventive strategies in EARF should focus on reducing SGBV conceptualization discrepancies, taking into account socio-demographic characteristics

Evaluación funcional en la vejez

Este trabajo presenta los resultados de un estudio realizados con personas mayores usuarios del Centro de Saúde da Covilhã en el que se utilizó una muestra de conveniencia con el propósito de establecer el nivel de funcionalidad de personas mayores de 65 años. Se tomó como variable dependiente la capacidad de desempeño de las actividades de la vida diaria y de las actividades instrumentales y como variable independiente diversos aspectos sociodemográficos como edad, sexo, personas con las que conviven, hábitos, etc. A través de la aplicación del Índice de Katz y de la Escala de Lawton, obtuvimos resultados que nos permiten afirmar que las personas ancianas que no residen en una residencia de ancianos mantiene un alto nivel de independencia funcional. Este nivel de funcionalidad está relacionado con factores sociodemográficos o condiciones de vida, pero sin llegar a los niveles significativos esperados. El análisis detallado de cada una de los aspectos evaluados nos permite establecer un perfil más preciso de los factores influyentes, tal como puede verse en la discusión de este trabajo.This paper presents the results of an investigative study conducted with older people users of the Health Center of Covilhã, where a convenience sample was used with the aim to establish the functionality level of people over 65 years old. The dependent variable was the ability to perform the independent variable included sociodemographic aspects, such as age, gender, habits, etc. Through the application of the Katz Index and the Lawton Scales, allowed to state that those individuals living outside old people’s homes keep a high level of functional independence. This level of functionality is related to socio-demographic factors and quality of life. However, the significance levels expected were not found. A detailed analysis of each subscale allows to establish a more accurate profile of the influential factors, as it can be seen in the discussion provided in this study

Literature review of information technology adoption models at firm level

Today, information technology (IT) is universally regarded as an essential tool in enhancing the competitiveness of the economy of a country. There is consensus that IT has significant effects on the productivity of firms. These effects will only be realized if, and when, IT are widely spread and used. It is essential to understand the determinants of IT adoption. Consequently it is necessary to know the theoretical models. There are few reviews in the literature about the comparison of IT adoption models at the individual level, and to the best of our knowledge there are even fewer at the firm level. This review will fill this gap. In this study, we review theories for adoption models at the firm level used in information systems literature and discuss two prominent models: diffusion on innovation (DOI) theory, and the technology, organization, and environment (TOE) framework. The DOI found that individual characteristics, internal characteristics of organizational structure, and external characteristics of the organization are important antecedents to organizational innovativeness. The TOE framework identifies three aspects of an enterprise's context that influence the process by which it adopts and implements a technological innovation: technological context, organizational context, and environmental context. We made a thorough analysis of the TOE framework, analysing the studies that used only this theory and the studies that combine the TOE framework with other theories such as: DOI, institutional theory, and the Iacovou, Benbasat, and Dexter model. The institutional theory helps us to understand the factors that influence the adoption of interorganizational systems (IOSs); it postulates that mimetic, coercive, and normative institutional pressures existing in an institutionalized environment may influence the organization’s predisposition toward an IT-based interorganizational system. The Iacovou, Benbasat, and Dexter model, analyses IOSs characteristics that influence firms to adopt IT innovations. It is based on three contexts: perceived benefits, organizational readiness, and external pressure. The analysis of these models takes into account the empirical literature, and the difference between independent and dependent variables. The paper also makes recommendations for future research. (17) (PDF) Literature Review of Information Technology Adoption Models at Firm Level. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/258821009_Literature_Review_of_Information_Technology_Adoption_Models_at_Firm_Level [accessed Aug 26 2020].publishersversionpublishe

Fruit and vegeteble Consumption among Immigrants in Portugal: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract: This study aims to compare adequate fruit and vegetable (F&V) intake between immigrants and natives in Portugal, and to analyse factors associated with consumption of F&V among immigrants. Data from a population based cross-sectional study (2014) was used. The final sample comprised 17,410 participants ( 20 years old), of whom 7.4% were immigrants. Chi-squared tests and logistic regression models were conducted to investigate the association between adequate F&V intake, sociodemographic, anthropometric, and lifestyle characteristics. Adequate F&V intake was more prevalent among immigrants (21.1% (95% CI: 19.0–23.4)) than natives (18.5% (95% CI: 17.9–19.1)), (p = 0.000). Association between migrant status and adequate F&V intake was only evident for men: immigrants were less likely to achieve an adequate F&V intake (OR = 0.67, 95% CI = 0.66–0.68) when compared to Portuguese. Among immigrants, being female, older, with a higher education, and living in a low urbanisation area increased the odds of having F&V consumption closer to the recommendations. Adjusting for other factors, length of residence appears as a risk factor (15 or more years vs. 0–9 years: OR = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.50–0.53), (p = 0.000) for adequate F&V intake. Policies aiming to promote adequate F&V consumption should consider both populations groups, and gender-based strategies should address proper sociodemographic, anthropometric, and lifestyle determinants.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio