Studies on beta-galactosidase production in transient operation cultures

Beta-galactosidase production in transient operation culture was studied considering cycles of 90 and 180 min. The results obtained after 14 cycles periods proved that significant increases in the especific enzyme activity are attained in transient operation namely 3.83 to 4.81 umg ⁻¹ compared with those obtained in steady state continuous culture which ranged between 1.71 to 2.2 Umg ⁻¹Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Fermentaciones Industriale

Analysis of the circadian transcriptome of the Antarctic krill Euphausia superba

Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) is a high latitude pelagic organism which plays a central role in the Southern Ocean ecosystem. E. superba shows daily and seasonal rhythms in physiology and behaviour, which are synchronized with the environmental cycles of its habitat. Recently, the main components of the krill circadian machinery have been identified and characterized. However, the exact mechanisms through which the endogenous timing system operates the control and regulation of the overt rhythms remains only partially understood. Here we investigate the involvement of the circadian clock in the temporal orchestration of gene expression by using a newly developed version of a krill microarray platform. The analysis of transcriptome data from krill exposed to both light-dark cycles (LD 18:6) and constant darkness (DD), has led to the identification of 1,564 putative clock-controlled genes. A remarkably large proportion of such genes, including several clock components (clock, period, cry2, vrille, and slimb), show oscillatory expression patterns in DD, with a periodicity shorter than 24\u2009hours. Energy-storage pathways appear to be regulated by the endogenous clock in accordance with their ecological relevance in daily energy managing and overwintering. Our results provide the first representation of the krill circadian transcriptome under laboratory, free-running conditions

Metallurgical and Technological Investigation on Augustean Auxiliary Coins from Thraco-Moesia

The impressive amount of Augustean coins coming from the Thraco-Moesia area (classified in numismatic terms as “Limesfalsa”), raises some juridical and technical questions as to who were the issuing authorities and to the production techniques involved. In the present investigation a representative sampling of such coins, based on metallographic and chemical analysis, was compared on the basis of metallographic and chemical analysis to some regular coins coming from the mint of Rome. The main results can be summarized as follows:L’impressionnante quantité de monnaies augustéennes provenant de la région Thraco-Mésienne (appelées «Limesfalsa» en numismatique pose des questions juridiques et techniques comme : quelles étaient les autorités d’émission et quelles étaient les techniques de production employées

Phantom epistasis in genomic selection: on the predictive ability of epistatic models

Genomic selection uses whole-genome marker models to predict phenotypes or genetic values for complex traits. Some of these models fit interaction terms between markers, and are therefore called epistatic. The biological interpretation of the corresponding fitted effects is not straightforward and there is the threat of overinterpreting their functional meaning. Here we show that the predictive ability of epistatic models relative to additive models can change with the density of the marker panel. In more detail, we show that for publicly available Arabidopsis and rice datasets, an initial superiority of epistatic models over additive models, which can be observed at a lower marker density, vanishes when the number of markers increases. We relate these observations to earlier results reported in the context of association studies which showed that detecting statistical epistatic effects may not only be related to interactions in the underlying genetic architecture, but also to incomplete linkage disequilibrium at low marker density (“Phantom Epistasis”). Finally, we illustrate in a simulation study that due to phantom epistasis, epistatic models may also predict the genetic value of an underlying purely additive genetic architecture better than additive models, when the marker density is low. Our observations can encourage the use of genomic epistatic models with low density panels, and discourage their biological over-interpretation.Fil: Schrauf, Matías Florián. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Producción Animal. Cátedra de Mejoramiento Genético Animal; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Martini, Johannes W.R.. Centro Internacional de Mejoramiento de Maíz y Trigo; MéxicoFil: Simianer, Henner. Universität Göttingen; AlemaniaFil: de los Campos, Gustavo. Michigan State University; Estados UnidosFil: Cantet, Rodolfo Juan Carlos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Unidad Ejecutora de Investigaciones en Producción Animal. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Unidad Ejecutora de Investigaciones en Producción Animal; ArgentinaFil: Freudenthal, Jan. Universität Würzburg; AlemaniaFil: Korte, Arthur. Universität Würzburg; AlemaniaFil: Munilla Leguizamon, Sebastian. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Producción Animal. Cátedra de Mejoramiento Genético Animal; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

A importância do controle da salmonella na cadeia produtiva de frangos de corte

Os produtos de origem animal destinados ao consumo humano representam um papel importante na epidemiologia das salmoneloses humanas. Mesmo com tantos avanços tecnológicos e a modernização das indústrias, a carne de frango é passível a contaminação bacteriana, especialmente por microorganismos do gênero Salmonella, que podem estar alojados no trato intestinal das aves. A prevalência da salmonelose é diferenciada nas diversas regiões do país e sua epidemiologia e controle são bastante complexas. A decorrência disso é a condição de criação dos animais, padrões de higiene e biossegurança, nível de contaminação do alimento, fatores sócio-ambientais e fatores ambientais. Assim o seu controle torna-se um grande desafio para o setor avícola, pois há uma diversidade e emergência de novos sorovares e também por sua relação com a saúde pública

A novel allele specific polymerase chain reaction (As-pcr) assay to detect the v1016g knockdown resistance mutation confirms its widespread presence in aedes albopictus populations from Italy

Funding Information: Funding: The study received support from the project ”Sapienza 2017” and JP received support from FCT-Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, I.P., through national funds in the framework of the project PTDC/BIA-OUT/29477/2017. Funding Information: The study received support from the project ?Sapienza 2017? and JP received support from FCT-Funda??o para a Ci?ncia e a Tecnologia, I.P., through national funds in the framework of the project PTDC/BIA-OUT/29477/2017. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based genotyping of mutations in the voltage-sensitive sodium channel (vssc) associated with resistance to pyrethroid insecticides is widely used and represents a potential early warning and monitoring system for insecticide resistance arising in mosquito populations, which are vectors of different human pathogens. In the secondary vector Aedes albopictus—an Asian species that has invaded and colonized the whole world, including temperate regions—sequencing of domain II of the vssc gene is still needed to detect the V1016G mutation associated with pyrethroid resistance. In this study we developed and tested a novel allele-specific PCR (AS-PCR) assay to genotype the V1016G mutation in this species and applied it to the analysis of wild populations from Italy. The results confirm the high accuracy of the novel AS-PCR and highlight frequencies of the V1016G allele as >5% in most sampling sites, with peaks of 20–45% in coastal touristic sites where pyrethroid treatments are extensively implemented, mostly for mosquito nuisance reduction. The high frequency of this mutation observed in Italian Ae. albopictus populations should serve as a warning bell, advocating for increased monitoring and management of a phenomenon which risks neutralizing the only weapon today available to counteract (risks of) arbovirus outbreaks.publishersversionpublishe

Uso de técnicas de gamificación en la Educación Científica : informe de una intervención en apoyo de las Estadísticas

Uma das situações-problema comuns no cotidiano escolar é a pouca motivação, envolvimento ou interesse por parte de estudantes. O contexto da didática escolar não é mais o de fornecer informações – visto que estudantes da atualidade dispõem de diversas formas de obtenção de informações – mas o de buscar envolver os estudantes em seu próprio processo de ensino-aprendizagem. O presente trabalho relata a aplicação de técnicas de gamificação em uma turma de estudantes do curso de Relações Internacionais, por meio de um estudo de caso, no apoio à educação científica no componente curricular de Estatística. Embora tipicamente o foco de cursos dessa área não seja cientifico, a instituição compreende o valor da Educação Científica. Como resultado, pode-se perceber que o conjunto de aplicação de tais técnicas na atividade possibilita o envolvimento do estudante.One of the most common problems in school life has been a lack of motivation, involvement or interest by students. The school context is no longer that of information gathering - since nowadays students have several ways of obtaining information - but to involve students in their teaching-learning process. The present work reports the application of gamification techniques in a class of students of International Relations, by a case study, to support scientific education in the curricular component of Applied Statistics. Although typically the focus of courses in this area is not Science, the course at this institution understands the significance of Scientific Education. There is a perception that the application of these techniques in the activity encourages student involvement