Photovoltaic Electric Scooter Charger Dock for the Development of Sustainable Mobility in Urban Environments

[EN] Means and modes of transport in urban environments are changing. The emergence of new means of personal transport, such as e-scooters or e-bikes, combined with new concepts such as `vehicle sharing' are changing urban transport. A greater social awareness of the harmful effects of polluting gases is leading to the adoption of new e-mobility solutions. A sustainable e-scooter recharging dock has been designed, built, and put into operation in a small town north of the city of Valencia (Spain). In the proposed novel solution, a stand-alone PV system is built for the free recharge of e-scooters using an original system that supports new sustainable means of transport. The design of the PV system considers the size limitations of the equipment, where a single PV module must generate the energy needed to recharge the e-scooters. A battery is used to store the energy and adjust power generation and consumption profiles. A commercial electronic converter adjusts the various electrical characteristics of generation, storage, and consumption. As a result of the system analysis, the surplus autonomy provided for the e-scooter recharging dock is calculated. Potential stakeholders in the use of the proposed system and their reasons for adopting this sustainable solution are identified. Experimental results of the first months of operation are included and these demonstrate the correct operation of the proposed system.Martinez-Navarro, A.; Cloquell Ballester, VA.; Segui-Chilet, S. (2020). Photovoltaic Electric Scooter Charger Dock for the Development of Sustainable Mobility in Urban Environments. IEEE Access. 8:169486-169495. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3023881S169486169495

Geodiversidad, ordenamiento territorial y áreas naturales protegidas

El término geodiversidad se acuña alrededor de 1993 como equivalente al de biodiversidad para referirse a la variedad de la naturaleza no viva, recientemente ha ganado aceptación en el Reino Unido, España, Portugal, Italia, Suiza, Finlandia y Japón entre otros, como un nuevo paradigma geológico (Gray 2008).La evaluación de los instrumentos legales para la planeación y el manejo de recursos naturales así como los destinados a su conservación o protección a la luz de nuevos enfoques y conocimientos es una labor por demás necesaria para mantener la vigencia de dichos instrumentos. Se presentan los resultados de evaluar los Ordenamientos Ecológicos Territoriales (OET) y los decretos de Área Natural Protegida (ANP) en Quintana Roo, México desde el punto de vista de la congruencia espacial de los mismos para proteger la Geodiversidad y la Biodiversidad en el Estado. Se reportan los valores semicuantitativos de la geodiversidad para Quintana Roo y se comparan los instrumentos legales en función de la superficie con mayores valores de geodiversidad que se encuentra en zonas establecidas para protección o conservación en los instrumentos. Se aportan elementos con base en los resultados para apoyar la complementariedad de los instrumentos en el manejo del territorio y sus recursos. La metodología seguida permite detectar algunas incongruencias en las zonificaciones de los OET.Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México- CONACY

Simulation of retrospective morphological channel adjustments using high-resolution differential digital elevation models versus predicted sediment delivery and stream power variations

[EN] This work proposes a methodological approach applied to ephemeral gravel-bed streams to verify the change in the magnitude and frequency of hydrological events affecting the morphological dynamics and sediment budget in this type of channel. For the case study, the Azohia Rambla, located in southeastern Spain, was chosen, emphasizing the research on two reference riverbed sections (RCRs): an upper one, with a predominance of erosion, and a middle one, where processes of incision, transport, and deposition were involved. First, this approach focuses on relationships between peak discharges and sediment budgets during the period 2018-2022. For this purpose, water level measurements from pressure sensors, a One-Dimensional Hydrodynamic model, and findings from comparative analyses of high-resolution differential digital elevation models (HRDEM of Difference-HRDoD) based on SfM-MVS and LiDAR datasets were used. In a second phase, the GeoWEPP model was applied to the period 1996-2022 in order to simulate runoff and sediment yield at the event scale for the watersheds draining into both RCRs. During the calibration phase, a sensitivity analysis was carried out to detect the most influential parameters in the model and confirm its capacity to simulate peak flow and sediment delivery in the area described above. Values of NS (Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency) and PBIAS (percent bias) equal to 0.86 and 7.81%, respectively, were found in the calibration period, while these indices were 0.81 and -4.1% in the validation period. Finally, different event class patterns (ECPs) were established for the monitoring period (2018-2022), according to flow stage and morphological channel adjustments (overtopping, bankfull and sub-bankfull, and half-sub-bankfull), and then retrospectively extrapolated to stages of the prior simulated period (1996-2018) from their typical sequences (PECPs). The results revealed a significant increase in the number of events and PECPs leading to lower bed incision rates and higher vertical accretion, which denotes a progressive increase in bed armoring and bank erosion processes.This research was funded by ERDF/Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities-State Research Agency (AEI)/Project CGL2017-84625-C2-1-R. State Program for Research, Develop-ment and Innovation focused on the Challenges of SocietyConesa-García, C.; Martínez-Salvador, A.; Puig-Mengual, C.; Martinez-Capel, F.; Pérez-Cutillas, P. (2023). Simulation of retrospective morphological channel adjustments using high-resolution differential digital elevation models versus predicted sediment delivery and stream power variations. Water. 15(15):1-35. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15152697135151

The location of the tibial accelerometer does influence impact acceleration parameters during running

Tibial accelerations have been associated with a number of running injuries. However, studies attaching the tibial accelerometer on the proximal section are as numerous as those attaching the accelerometer on the distal section. This study aimed to investigate whether accelerometer location influences acceleration parameters commonly reported in running literature. To fulfil this purpose, 30 athletes ran at 2.22, 2.78 and 3.33 m · s–1 with three accelerometers attached with double-sided tape and tightened to the participants’ tolerance on the forehead, the proximal section of the tibia and the distal section of the tibia. Time-domain (peak acceleration, shock attenuation) and frequency-domain parameters (peak frequency, peak power, signal magnitude and shock attenuation in both the low and high frequency ranges) were calculated for each of the tibial locations. The distal accelerometer registered greater tibial acceleration peak and shock attenuation compared to the proximal accelerometer. With respect to the frequency-domain analysis, the distal accelerometer provided greater values of all the low-frequency parameters, whereas no difference was observed for the high-frequency parameters. These findings suggest that the location of the tibial accelerometer does influence the acceleration signal parameters, and thus, researchers should carefully consider the location they choose to place the accelerometer so that equivalent comparisons across studies can be made. © 2016 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis GroupThis study was supported by the Spanish Government [Ministerio de Educacion, Cultura y Deporte, Grant FPU12/00574; and Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad, Subdireccion General de Proyectos de Investigacion, Convocatoria Proyectos I+D "Excelencia", Subprograma de Generacion de Conocimiento, 2013, Grant DEP2013-48420-P].Lucas Cuevas, ÁG.; Encarnacion Martinez, A.; Camacho García, A.; Llana Belloch, S.; Pérez Soriano, P. (2016). The location of the tibial accelerometer does influence impact acceleration parameters during running. Journal of Sports Sciences. 35(17):1734-1738. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2016.123579217341738351

Application of high Power ultrasounds during red wine vinification

[EN] Wine colour is one of the main organoleptic characteristics influencing its quality. It is of special interest in red vinifications due to the economic resources that wineries have to invest for the extraction of the phenolic compounds responsible for wine colour, compounds that are mainly located inside the skin cell vacuoles, where the volatile compounds are also found. The transfer of phenolic compounds from grapes to must during vinification is closely related to the type of grapes and the winemaking technique. During traditional winemaking, grapes are crushed and skin macerated for several days, with pumps overs to facilitate the colour extraction. To increase this extraction, some chemical (maceration enzymes) or physical technologies (thermovinification, cryomaceration, flash-expansion) can be applied. In this work, a new methodology has been tested. This methodology consists in the application of high-power ultrasounds to crushed grapes to increase the extraction of phenolic compounds. Crushed grapes were treated with this non-thermal technology and vinified, with 3, 6 and 8days of skin maceration time, and the results were compared with a control vinification, where crushed grapes were not subjected to any treatment and were skin macerated during 8days. The wine chromatic characteristics (determined spectrophotometrically) and the individual phenolic compounds (anthocyanins and tannins, determined by HPLC) were followed during the maceration period, at the end of alcoholic fermentation and after two months in bottle. Also, the wine volatile compounds were determined by GC-MS. The wines made with ultrasound-treated grapes showed differences with the control wine, especially regarding total phenol content and tannin content. The wines elaborated with sonicated grapes and with only three days of skin maceration time presented similar concentration of anthocyanins and twice the concentration of tannins than control wines elaborated with 8days of skin maceration.This work was funded by the SME Instrument of the Horizon 2020 program from the European Commission.Baustista-Ortin A.B.; Jimenez-Martinez M.D; Jurado, R.; Iniesta, JA.; Terrades-Rocafull, LS.; Andrés Grau, AM.; Gomez-Plaza, E. (2017). Application of high Power ultrasounds during red wine vinification. International Journal of Food Science & Technology. 52(6):1314-1323. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijfs.13411S13141323526De Andrade Neves, N., de Araújo Pantoja, L., & dos Santos, A. S. (2013). Thermovinification of grapes from the Cabernet Sauvignon and Pinot Noir varieties using immobilized yeasts. European Food Research and Technology, 238(1), 79-84. doi:10.1007/s00217-013-2062-2Bautista-Ortín, A. B., Cano-Lechuga, M., Ruiz-García, Y., & Gómez-Plaza, E. (2014). Interactions between grape skin cell wall material and commercial enological tannins. Practical implications. Food Chemistry, 152, 558-565. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.12.009Bautista-Ortín, A. B., Martínez-Hernández, A., Ruiz-García, Y., Gil-Muñoz, R., & Gómez-Plaza, E. (2016). Anthocyanins influence tannin–cell wall interactions. Food Chemistry, 206, 239-248. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.03.045Bautista-Ortín, A. B., Fernández-Fernández, J. I., López-Roca, J. M., & Gómez-Plaza, E. (2004). Wine-making of High Coloured Wines: Extended Pomace Contact and Run-off of Juice Prior to Fermentation. Food Science and Technology International, 10(5), 287-295. doi:10.1177/1082013204047565Bautista-Ortin, A. B., Martinez-Cutillas, A., Ros-Garcia, J. M., Lopez-Roca, J. M., & Gomez-Plaza, E. (2005). Improving colour extraction and stability in red wines: the use of maceration enzymes and enological tannins. International Journal of Food Science and Technology, 40(8), 867-878. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2621.2005.01014.xBindon, K. A., Smith, P. A., Holt, H., & Kennedy, J. A. (2010). Interaction between Grape-Derived Proanthocyanidins and Cell Wall Material. 2. Implications for Vinification. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 58(19), 10736-10746. doi:10.1021/jf1022274Busse-Valverde, N., Gómez-Plaza, E., López-Roca, J. M., Gil-Muñoz, R., Fernández-Fernández, J. I., & Bautista-Ortín, A. B. (2010). Effect of Different Enological Practices on Skin and Seed Proanthocyanidins in Three Varietal Wines. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 58(21), 11333-11339. doi:10.1021/jf102265cBusse-Valverde, N., Gómez-Plaza, E., López-Roca, J. M., Gil-Muñoz, R., & Bautista-Ortín, A. B. (2011). The Extraction of Anthocyanins and Proanthocyanidins from Grapes to Wine during Fermentative Maceration Is Affected by the Enological Technique. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 59(10), 5450-5455. doi:10.1021/jf2002188Cano-López, M., Pardo-Mínguez, F., Schmauch, G., Saucier, C., Teissedre, P.-L., López-Roca, J. M., & Gómez-Plaza, E. (2008). Effect of Micro-oxygenation on Color and Anthocyanin-Related Compounds of Wines with Different Phenolic Contents. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 56(14), 5932-5941. doi:10.1021/jf8006147Carrera, C., Ruiz-Rodríguez, A., Palma, M., & Barroso, C. G. (2012). Ultrasound assisted extraction of phenolic compounds from grapes. Analytica Chimica Acta, 732, 100-104. doi:10.1016/j.aca.2011.11.032Castro-López, L. del R., Gómez-Plaza, E., Ortega-Regules, A., Lozada, D., & Bautista-Ortín, A. B. (2016). Role of cell wall deconstructing enzymes in the proanthocyanidin–cell wall adsorption–desorption phenomena. Food Chemistry, 196, 526-532. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.09.080Da Porto, C., Porretto, E., & Decorti, D. (2013). Comparison of ultrasound-assisted extraction with conventional extraction methods of oil and polyphenols from grape (Vitis vinifera L.) seeds. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 20(4), 1076-1080. doi:10.1016/j.ultsonch.2012.12.002Demirdöven, A., & Baysal, T. (2008). The Use of Ultrasound and Combined Technologies in Food Preservation. Food Reviews International, 25(1), 1-11. doi:10.1080/87559120802306157El Darra, N., Grimi, N., Maroun, R. G., Louka, N., & Vorobiev, E. (2012). Pulsed electric field, ultrasound, and thermal pretreatments for better phenolic extraction during red fermentation. European Food Research and Technology, 236(1), 47-56. doi:10.1007/s00217-012-1858-9Gagné, S., Saucier, C., & Gény, L. (2006). Composition and Cellular Localization of Tannins in Cabernet Sauvignon Skins during Growth. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 54(25), 9465-9471. doi:10.1021/jf061946gGeffroy, O., Lopez, R., Serrano, E., Dufourcq, T., Gracia-Moreno, E., Cacho, J., & Ferreira, V. (2015). Changes in analytical and volatile compositions of red wines induced by pre-fermentation heat treatment of grapes. Food Chemistry, 187, 243-253. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.04.105Ghafoor, K. (2009). Optimization of Ultrasound Assisted Extraction of Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidants from Grape Peel through Response Surface Methodology. Journal of the Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistry, 52(3), 295-300. doi:10.3839/jksabc.2009.052Gómez-Plaza, E., Mestre-Ortuño, L., Ruiz-García, Y., Fernández-Fernández, J. I., & López-Roca, J. M. (2012). Effect of Benzothiadiazole and Methyl Jasmonate on the Volatile Compound Composition of Vitis vinifera L. Monastrell Grapes and Wines. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, 63(3), 394-401. doi:10.5344/ajev.2012.12011Knorr, D., Zenker, M., Heinz, V., & Lee, D.-U. (2004). Applications and potential of ultrasonics in food processing. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 15(5), 261-266. doi:10.1016/j.tifs.2003.12.001Labarbe, B., Cheynier, V., Brossaud, F., Souquet, J.-M., & Moutounet, M. (1999). Quantitative Fractionation of Grape Proanthocyanidins According to Their Degree of Polymerization. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 47(7), 2719-2723. doi:10.1021/jf990029qMorel-Salmi, C., Souquet, J.-M., Bes, M., & Cheynier, V. (2006). Effect of Flash Release Treatment on Phenolic Extraction and Wine Composition. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 54(12), 4270-4276. doi:10.1021/jf053153kPetropulos, V. I., Bogeva, E., Stafilov, T., Stefova, M., Siegmund, B., Pabi, N., & Lankmayr, E. (2014). Study of the influence of maceration time and oenological practices on the aroma profile of Vranec wines. Food Chemistry, 165, 506-514. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.05.144Rapp, A. (1988). Wine Aroma Substances from Gas Chromatographic Analysis. Modern Methods of Plant Analysis, 29-66. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-83340-3_3Romero-Cascales, I., Fernández-Fernández, J. I., López-Roca, J. M., & Gómez-Plaza, E. (2005). The maceration process during winemaking extraction of anthocyanins from grape skins into wine. European Food Research and Technology, 221(1-2), 163-167. doi:10.1007/s00217-005-1144-1Romero-Cascales, I., Fernández-Fernández, J. I., Ros-García, J. M., López-Roca, J. M., & Gómez-Plaza, E. (2008). Characterisation of the main enzymatic activities present in six commercial macerating enzymes and their effects on extracting colour during winemaking of Monastrell grapes. International Journal of Food Science & Technology, 43(7), 1295-1305. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2621.2007.01608.xRomero-Cascales, I., Ros-García, J. M., López-Roca, J. M., & Gómez-Plaza, E. (2012). The effect of a commercial pectolytic enzyme on grape skin cell wall degradation and colour evolution during the maceration process. Food Chemistry, 130(3), 626-631. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.07.091Souquet, J.-M., Cheynier, V., Brossaud, F., & Moutounet, M. (1996). Polymeric proanthocyanidins from grape skins. Phytochemistry, 43(2), 509-512. doi:10.1016/0031-9422(96)00301-9Tao, Y., Zhang, Z., & Sun, D.-W. (2014). Kinetic modeling of ultrasound-assisted extraction of phenolic compounds from grape marc: Influence of acoustic energy density and temperature. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 21(4), 1461-1469. doi:10.1016/j.ultsonch.2014.01.029Tiwari, B. K., Patras, A., Brunton, N., Cullen, P. J., & O’Donnell, C. P. (2010). Effect of ultrasound processing on anthocyanins and color of red grape juice. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 17(3), 598-604. doi:10.1016/j.ultsonch.2009.10.009Zhang, Q.-A., Shen, Y., Fan, X., Martín, J. F. G., Wang, X., & Song, Y. (2015). Free radical generation induced by ultrasound in red wine and model wine: An EPR spin-trapping study. 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Beneficial role of noise in Hf-based memristors

© 2022 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes,creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.The beneficial role of noise in the performance of Hf-based memristors has been experimentally studied. The addition of an external gaussian noise to the bias circuitry positively impacts the memristors characteristics by increasing the OFF/ON resistances ratio. The known stochastic resonance effect has been observed, when changing the standard deviation of the noise. The influence of the additive noise on the memristor current-voltage characteristic and on the set and reset related parameters are also presented.This research was funded by Spanish MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, Project PID2019- 103869RB and TEC2017-90969-EXP.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Breast Cancer Detection by Means of Artificial Neural Networks

Breast cancer is a fatal disease causing high mortality in women. Constant efforts are being made for creating more efficient techniques for early and accurate diagnosis. Classical methods require oncologists to examine the breast lesions for detection and classification of various stages of cancer. Such manual attempts are time consuming and inefficient in many cases. Hence, there is a need for efficient methods that diagnoses the cancerous cells without human involvement with high accuracies. In this research, image processing techniques were used to develop imaging biomarkers through mammography analysis and based on artificial intelligence technology aiming to detect breast cancer in early stages to support diagnosis and prioritization of high-risk patients. For automatic classification of breast cancer on mammograms, a generalized regression artificial neural network was trained and tested to separate malignant and benign tumors reaching an accuracy of 95.83%. With the biomarker and trained neural net, a computer-aided diagnosis system is being designed. The results obtained show that generalized regression artificial neural network is a promising and robust system for breast cancer detection. The Laboratorio de Innovacion y Desarrollo Tecnologico en Inteligencia Artificial is seeking collaboration with research groups interested in validating the technology being developed

A DIGE study on the effects of salbutamol on the rat muscle proteome - an exemplar of best practice for data sharing in proteomics

BACKGROUND: Proteomic techniques allow researchers to perform detailed analyses of cellular states and many studies are published each year, which highlight large numbers of proteins quantified in different samples. However, currently few data sets make it into public databases with sufficient metadata to allow other groups to verify findings, perform data mining or integrate different data sets. The Proteomics Standards Initiative has released a series of "Minimum Information About a Proteomics Experiment" guideline documents (MIAPE modules) and accompanying data exchange formats. This article focuses on proteomic studies based on gel electrophoresis and demonstrates how the corresponding MIAPE modules can be fulfilled and data deposited in public databases, using a new experimental data set as an example. FINDINGS: We have performed a study of the effects of an anabolic agent (salbutamol) at two different time points on the protein complement of rat skeletal muscle cells, quantified by difference gel electrophoresis. In the DIGE study, a total of 31 non-redundant proteins were identified as being potentially modulated at 24 h post treatment and 110 non redundant proteins at 96 h post-treatment. Several categories of function have been highlighted as strongly enriched, providing candidate proteins for further study. We also use the study as an example of best practice for data deposition. CONCLUSIONS: We have deposited all data sets from this study in public databases for further analysis by the community. We also describe more generally how gel-based protein identification data sets can now be deposited in the PRoteomics IDEntifications database (PRIDE), using a new software tool, the PRIDESpotMapper, which we developed to work in conjunction with the PRIDE Converter application. We also demonstrate how the ProteoRed MIAPE generator tool can be used to create and share a complete and compliant set of MIAPE reports for this experiment and others

Clinical applications of the respiratory equation of motion to guide decision-making in the patient under invasive mechanical ventilation

Introduction: Mechanical ventilation is a common practice in intensive care units and anesthesiology with both therapeutic and potentially harmful implications for the respiratory system and distant organs, that is why it is of utmost importance to continually monitor ventilation parameters. Objective: To describe the equation of motion of the respiratory system and its clinical applications in the patient under invasive mechanical ventilation. Main: The equation of motion of the respiratory system integrates the dynamic forces generated by the ventilator with the intrinsic properties of the lung and chest wall. It expresses the pressure in the respiratory system in relation to volume, elastance, resistance, air flow and pressures generated by the ventilator and the patient. Elevated pressures in the respiratory system during mechanical ventilation are associated with greater mortality, that is why the identification of the components responsible for elevation of pressures through the equation of motion of the respiratory system allows to modify ventilator programmed parameters to maintain a protective ventilation. Conclusion: Decision-making based on the equation of motion of the respiratory system allows to modify ventilatory parameters according to the characteristics and diseases of the patient under mechanical ventilation