Seasonal decline in breeding performance of the Kelp Gull Larus dominicanus

The effects of timing of breeding on reproductive parameters of Kelp Gulls Larus dominicanus were studied in Patagonia, Argentina, during 1998 and 1999. Yearly and spatial variation in the study were assessed by sampling nests during two field seasons and in different areas within the colony, and accounted for variation with respect to breeding synchrony and breeding density. In both years and in three study areas, individuals laying earlier had higher hatching success, a larger number of chicks fledged, heavier chicks at one month and higher breeding success. Significant variation between study areas within the colony and between years was observed only for breeding success and number of chicks fledged. No effects of breeding synchrony on breeding parameters were detected. Timing of breeding, independent of study year and area, had no effect on either clutch size or egg size. Our results document for the first time the seasonal decline in breeding performance in the Kelp Gull, a species widely distributed in the southern hemisphere.Fil: Garcia Borboroglu, Jorge Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Nacional Patagónico; ArgentinaFil: Yorio, Pablo Martin. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Nacional Patagónico; ArgentinaFil: Moreno, Juan. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas; EspañaFil: Potti Sánchez, Jaime. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas; Españ

Variation in the size of eggs of Kelp Gulls (Larus dominicanus) at two colonies in Patagonia, Argentina

Although several studies have reported basic information about the size of Kelp Gull (Larus dominicarius) eggs, no attention has been paid to the comparison of patterns of intra-clutch variation at different breeding sites. Here, the variation in egg size of Kelp Gulls at two colonies from Patagonia, Argentina, was analyzed. The objectives were to characterize egg size variation in Kelp Gulls breeding at a recently established colony in Punta Loma that primarily relies on natural prey; and to evaluate if patterns of intra-clutch variation in that colony differ from those at Vernaci Sudoeste Island, a larger and well-established colony with access to supplementary food in the form of fishery waste. In two-egg clutches, first-eggs were larger than second-eggs. Neither average egg size nor intra-clutch patterns differed between study sites. Also, in two-egg clutches, egg size decreased as date of laying increased, probably due to younger birds laying smaller eggs later in the season. The pattern of intra-clutch variation in three-egg clutches differed between sites. Three-egg clutches at Vernaci Sudoeste Island presented similar sizes for first- and second-eggs and these were larger than third-eggs. This pattern contrasted with the steady decrease in relation to laying order that was observed at Punta Loma. Also, second-and third-eggs from Vernaci Sudoeste Island were larger than corresponding eggs from Punta Loma. Our data suggest that differences in egg size between colonies could be the consequence of enhanced food availability at Vernaci Sudoeste Island in the form of discards generated by trawl fisheries. Future studies to evaluate age of birds and inter-annual environmental stochasticity are needed to elucidate the effect of these factors on egg size variationFil: Svagelj, Walter Sergio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencia Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; ArgentinaFil: Lisnizer, Nora. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Nacional Patagónico; ArgentinaFil: Garcia Borboroglu, Jorge Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos; ArgentinaFil: Yorio, Pablo Martin. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos; Argentin

Life Dissatisfaction and Anxiety in COVID-19 pandemic

The rising numbers of COVID-19 cases and deaths, prolonged lockdowns, substantial restrictions on public life and an economic downturn negatively affect personal well-being. In this paper, we explore COVID-19-related determinants of life dissatisfaction and feelings of anxiety using data collected from March 23 to April 30 2020 in 25 advanced and developing countries from four continents. We find that persons with better general health, with a paid job, living with a partner, daily exercising and those avoiding loneliness report less dissatisfaction and less anxiety. The presence of children and a pet in the household has no effect. Women report anxiety feelings more often than men. Older people report lower dissatisfaction and anxiety, remarkable given that the older population is among the most vulnerable in the current pandemic. Job-related changes due to COVID-19 such as income reduction and increase or decrease of workload are associated with more dissatisfaction and more anxiety. In reaction to the pandemic governments have adopted a range of measures. We show that restrictions on mobility and requirements to wear protective gear in public increase dissatisfaction and that the state-imposed emergency increase feelings of anxiety. We find that a growing number of confirmed COVID-19 cases increases dissatisfaction and anxiety but that this effect levels off with a higher number of cases. Our findings support targeted government policies to preserve economic security, and increase stability of employment.JRC.I.1-Monitoring, Indicators & Impact Evaluatio

Simulation of Electric Vehicles Combining Structural and Functional Approaches

In this paper the construction of a model that represents the behavior of an Electric Vehicle is described. Both the mechanical and the electric traction systems are represented using Multi-Bond Graph structural approach suited to model large scale physical systems. Then the model of the controllers, represented with a functional approach, is included giving rise to an integrated model which exploits the advantages of both approaches. Simulation and experimental results are aimed to illustrate the electromechanical interaction and to validate the proposal.Fil: Silva, Luis Ignacio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Ingeniería. Grupo de Electronica Aplicada; ArgentinaFil: Magallán, Guillermo Andrés. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Ingeniería. Grupo de Electronica Aplicada; ArgentinaFil: de la Barrera, Pablo Martin. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Ingeniería. Grupo de Electronica Aplicada; ArgentinaFil: de Angelo, Cristian Hernan. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Ingeniería. Grupo de Electronica Aplicada; ArgentinaFil: Garcia, Guillermo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Ingeniería. Grupo de Electronica Aplicada; Argentin

Reversible Nuclear-Lipid-Droplet Morphology Induced by Oleic Acid: A Link to Cellular-Lipid Metabolism

Neutral lipidsÐinvolved in many cellular processesÐare stored as lipid droplets (LD), thosemainly cytosolic (cLD) along with a small nuclear population (nLD). nLD could be involved innuclear-lipid homeostasis serving as an endonuclear buffering system that would provide orincorporate lipids and proteins involved in signalling pathways as transcription factors andas enzymes of lipid metabolism and nuclear processes. Our aim was to determine if nLDconstituted a dynamic domain. Oleic-acid (OA) added to rat hepatocytes or HepG2 cells inculture produced cellular-phenotypic LD modifications: increases in TAG, CE, C, and PLcontent and in cLD and nLD numbers and sizes. LD increments were reversed on exclusionof OA and were prevented by inhibition of acyl-CoA synthetase (with Triacsin C) and thuslipid biosynthesis. Under all conditions, nLD corresponded to a small population (2±10%) oftotal cellular LD. The anabolism triggered by OA, involving morphologic and size changeswithin the cLD and nLD populations, was reversed by a net balance of catabolism, uponeliminating OA. These catabolic processes included lipolysis and the mobilization of hydrolyzedFA from the LD to cytosolic-oxidation sites. These results would imply that nLD areactively involved in nuclear processes that include lipids. In conclusion, nLD are a dynamicnuclear domain since they are modified by OA through a reversible mechanism in combinationwith cLD; this process involves acyl-CoA-synthetase activity; ongoing TAG, CE, and PLbiosynthesis. Thus, liver nLD and cLD are both dynamic cellular organelles.Fil: Lagrutta, Lucía Carolina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata "Prof. Dr. Rodolfo R. Brenner". Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata ; ArgentinaFil: Montero Villegas, Sandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata "Prof. Dr. Rodolfo R. Brenner". Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata ; ArgentinaFil: Layerenza, Juan Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata "Prof. Dr. Rodolfo R. Brenner". Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata ; ArgentinaFil: Sisti, Martin Sebastian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata "Prof. Dr. Rodolfo R. Brenner". Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata ; ArgentinaFil: Garcia, Margarita Maria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata "Prof. Dr. Rodolfo R. Brenner". Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata ; ArgentinaFil: Ves Losada, Ana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata "Prof. Dr. Rodolfo R. Brenner". Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata ; Argentin

The Fetal Growth Restriction at Term Managed by Angiogenic Factors Versus Feto-Maternal Doppler (GRAFD) Trial to Avoid Adverse Perinatal Outcomes: Protocol for a Multicenter, Open-Label, Randomized Controlled Trial

Angiogenic factors; Fetal growth restriction; Small for gestational ageFactores angiogénicos; Restricción del crecimiento fetal; Pequeño para la edad gestacionalFactors angiogènics; Restricció del creixement fetal; Petit per a l'edat gestacionalBackground: Fetal smallness affects 10% of pregnancies. Small fetuses are at a higher risk of adverse outcomes. Their management using estimated fetal weight and feto-maternal Doppler has a high sensitivity for adverse outcomes; however, more than 60% of fetuses are electively delivered at 37 to 38 weeks. On the other hand, classification using angiogenic factors seems to have a lower false-positive rate. Here, we present a protocol for the Fetal Growth Restriction at Term Managed by Angiogenic Factors Versus Feto-Maternal Doppler (GRAFD) trial, which compares the use of angiogenic factors and Doppler to manage small fetuses at term. Objective: The primary objective is to demonstrate that classification based on angiogenic factors is not inferior to estimated fetal weight and Doppler at detecting fetuses at risk of adverse perinatal outcomes. Methods: This is a multicenter, open-label, randomized controlled trial conducted in 20 hospitals across Spain. A total of 1030 singleton pregnancies with an estimated fetal weight ≤10th percentile at 36+0 to 37+6 weeks+days will be recruited and randomly allocated to either the control or the intervention group. In the control group, standard Doppler-based management will be used. In the intervention group, cases with a soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase to placental growth factor ratio ≥38 will be classified as having fetal growth restriction; otherwise, they will be classified as being small for gestational age. In both arms, the fetal growth restriction group will be delivered at ≥37 weeks and the small for gestational age group at ≥40 weeks. We will assess differences between the groups by calculating the relative risk, the absolute difference between incidences, and their 95% CIs. Results: Recruitment for this study started on September 28, 2020. The study results are expected to be published in peer-reviewed journals and disseminated at international conferences in early 2023. Conclusions: The angiogenic factor-based protocol may reduce the number of pregnancies classified as having fetal growth restriction without worsening perinatal outcomes. Moreover, reducing the number of unnecessary labor inductions would reduce costs and the risks derived from possible iatrogenic complications. Additionally, fewer inductions would lower the rate of early-term neonates, thus improving neonatal outcomes and potentially reducing long-term infant morbidities

Contribution of bacterial respiration to plankton respiration from 50˚N to 44˚S in the Atlantic Ocean

Marine bacteria play an important role in the global cycling of carbon and therefore in climate regulation. However, the paucity of direct measurements means that our understanding of the magnitude and variability of bacterial respiration in the ocean is poor. Estimations of respiration in the 0.2-0.8 µm size-fraction (considered as bacterial respiration), total plankton community respiration, and the contribution of bacterial respiration to total plankton community respiration were made along two latitudinal transects in the Atlantic Ocean (ca. 50 ºN – 44 ºS) during 2010 and 2011. Two different methodologies were used: determination of changes in dissolved O2 concentration after standard 24 h dark bottle incubations, and measurements of in vivo reduction of 2-(ρ-iodophenyl)-3- (ρ-nitrophenyl)-5phenyl tetrazolium salt (INT). There was an overall significant correlation (r = 0.44, p <0.0001, n = 90) between the rates of community respiration estimated by both methods. Depth-integrated community respiration varied as much as three-fold between regions. Maximum rates occurred in waters of the western European shelf and Patagonian shelf, and minimum rates in the North and South oligotrophic gyres. Depth-integrated bacterial respiration followed the same pattern as community respiration. There was a significantly higher cell-specific bacterial respiration in the northern subtropical gyre than in the southern subtropical gyre which suggests that bacterial carbon turnover is faster in the northern gyre. The relationships between plankton respiration and physicochemical and biological variables were different in different years. In general, INTT was correlated to both chlorophyll-a and bacterial abundance, while INT0.2-0.8 was only correlated with bacterial abundance. However, in 2010 INTT and INT0.2-0.8 were also correlated with temperature and primary production while in 2011 they were correlated with nitrate + nitrite concentration. The bacterial contribution to depth integrated community respiration was highly variable within provinces (4 - 77 %). Results from this study suggest that the proportion of total community respiration attributable to bacteria is similar between the 6 oceanographic regions studied

Therapeutical Management for Ocular Rosacea

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to describe a case of ocular rosacea with a very complex evolution. Rosacea is a chronic dermatological disease that may affect the ocular structures up to 6-72% of all cases. This form is often misdiagnosed, which may lead to long inflammatory processes with important visual consequences for affected patients. Therefore, an early diagnosis and an adequate treatment are important. Methods: We report the case of a 43-year-old patient who had several relapses of what seemed an episode of acute bacterial conjunctivitis. Two weeks later, he developed a corneal ulcer with a torpid evolution including abundant intrastromal infiltrators and calcium deposits. He was diagnosed with ocular rosacea and treated with systemic doxycycline and topical protopic. Results: A coating with amniotic membrane was placed in order to heal the ulcer, but a deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty to restore the patient''s vision because of the corneal transparency loss was necessary. Conclusions: Ocular rosacea includes multiple ophthalmic manifestations ranging from inflammation of the eyelid margin and blepharitis to serious corneal affectations. A delayed diagnosis can result in chronic inflammatory conditions including keratinization and loss of corneal transparency, which lead to important visual sequelae for affected patients. (C) 2016 The Author(s) Published by S. Karger AG, Base

Variación intraespecífica e individual de los pelos de mamíferos del Estado de México: implicaciones en la identificación interespecífica

Se determinó la variación del pelo de guardia dorsal entre individuos de la misma especie y se comparó la variación de un individuo en diferentes regiones. Se midió la longitud total y diámetro de la médula, además se determinó el patrón de tonalidad y tipo de médula. En la comparación intraespecífica se caracterizaron 530 pelos de guardia dorsales de 53 organismos. A pesar de las variaciones en la longitud y diámetro de la médula, puede realizarse una identificación exitosa de los organismos en un plano específico utilizando la guía de identificación de mamíferos terrestres a partir del pelo de guardia, excepto para Canis latrans y Liomys irroratus. En la comparación individual se describieron 560 pelos de guardia de 14 especies. Se encontraron diferencias en la longitud total del pelo, en el diámetro de la médula y en la coloración; el único carácter que permaneció constante fue la médula.Se determinó la variación del pelo de guardia dorsal entre individuos de la misma especie y se comparó la variación de un individuo en diferentes regiones. Se midió la longitud total y diámetro de la médula, además se determinó el patrón de tonalidad y tipo de médula. En la comparación intraespecífica se caracterizaron 530 pelos de guardia dorsales de 53 organismos. A pesar de las variaciones en la longitud y diámetro de la médula, puede realizarse una identificación exitosa de los organismos en un plano específico utilizando la guía de identificación de mamíferos terrestres a partir del pelo de guardia, excepto para Canis latrans y Liomys irroratus. En la comparación individual se describieron 560 pelos de guardia de 14 especies. Se encontraron diferencias en la longitud total del pelo, en el diámetro de la médula y en la coloración; el único carácter que permaneció constante fue la médula

Role of color doppler imaging in early diagnosis and prediction of progression in glaucoma

This longitudinal and prospective study analyzes the ability of orbital blood flow measured by color Doppler imaging (CDI) to predict glaucoma progression in patients with glaucoma risk factors. Patients with normal perimetry but having glaucoma risk factors and patients in the initial phase of glaucoma were prospectively included in the study and divided, after a five-year follow-up, into two groups: “Progression” and “No Progression” based on the changes in the Moorfields regression analysis (MRA) classification of Heidelberg retina tomograph (HRT). An orbital CDI was performed in all patients and the parameters obtained were correlated with changes in HRT. A logistic discrimination function (LDF) was calculated for ophthalmic artery (OA) and central retinal artery (CRA) parameters. Receiver operating characteristics curves (ROC) were used to assess the usefulness of LDFs to predict glaucomatous progression. A total of 71 eyes were included. End-diastolic velocity, time-averaged velocity, and resistive index in the OA and CRA were significantly different ( ) between the Progression and No Progression groups. The area under the ROC curves calculated for both LDFs was of 0.695 (OA) and 0.624 (CRA). More studies are needed to evaluate the ability of CDI to perform early diagnosis and to predict progression in glaucoma in eyes