120,061 research outputs found
Two kinds of procedural semantics for privative modification
In this paper we present two kinds of procedural semantics for privative modification. We do this for three reasons. The first reason is to launch a tough test case to gauge the degree of substantial agreement between a constructivist and a realist interpretation of procedural semantics; the second is to extend Martin-L ̈f’s Constructive Type Theory to privative modification, which is characteristic of natural language; the third reason is to sketch a positive characterization of privation
Dynamical error bounds for continuum discretisation via Gauss quadrature rules, -- a Lieb-Robinson bound approach
Instances of discrete quantum systems coupled to a continuum of oscillators
are ubiquitous in physics. Often the continua are approximated by a discrete
set of modes. We derive analytical error bounds on expectation values of system
observables that have been time evolved under such discretised Hamiltonians.
These bounds take on the form of a function of time and the number of discrete
modes, where the discrete modes are chosen according to Gauss quadrature rules.
The derivation makes use of tools from the field of Lieb-Robinson bounds and
the theory of orthonormal polynominals.Comment: 12 pages + 14 pages of proofs and appendices, Journal of Mathematical
Physics, Vol.57, Issue 2 (2016)
http://scitation.aip.org/content/aip/journal/jmp/57/2/10.1063/1.494043
Quirks in supersymmetry with gauge coupling unification
I investigate the phenomenology of supersymmetric models with extra
vector-like supermultiplets that couple to the Standard Model gauge fields and
transform as the fundamental representation of a new confining non-Abelian
gauge interaction. If perturbative gauge coupling unification is to be
maintained, the new group can be SU(2), SU(3), or SO(3). The impact on the
sparticle mass spectrum is explored, with particular attention to the gaugino
mass dominated limit in which the supersymmetric flavor problem is naturally
solved. The new confinement length scale is astronomical for SO(3), so the new
particles are essentially free. For the SU(2) and SU(3) cases, the new
vector-like fermions are quirks; pair production at colliders yields
quirk-antiquirk states bound by stable flux tubes that are microscopic but long
compared to the new confinement scale. I study the reach of the Tevatron and
LHC for the optimistic case that in a significant fraction of events the
quirk-antiquirk bound state will lose most of its energy before annihilating as
quirkonium.Comment: 28 page
The interannual variability of polar cap recessions as a measure of Martian climate and weather: Using Earth-based data to augment the time line for the Mars observer mapping mission
The recessions of the polar ice caps are the most visible and most studied indication of seasonal change on Mars. Circumstantial evidence links these recessions to the seasonal cycles of CO2, water, and dust. The possible advent of a planet encircling storm during the Mars Observer (MO) mission will provide a detailed correlation with a cap recession for that one Martian year. That cap recession will then be compared with other storm and nonstorm years. MO data will also provide a stronger link between cap recessions and the water and CO2 cycles. Cap recession variability might also be used to determine the variability of these cycles. After nearly a century of valiant attempts at measuring polar cap recessions, including Mariner 9 and Viking data, MO will provide the first comprehensive dataset. In contrast to MO, the older data are much less detailed and precise and could be forgotten, except that it will still be the only information on interannual variability. By obtaining simultaneous Earth-based observations (including those from Hubble) during the MO mission, direct comparisons can be made between the datasets
The great dust storm of 1986
It is reported that on the global scale, no major dust storm activity was seen during telescopic observations of Mars during the several months or so preceeding this conference. However, the corresponding season on Mars was early fall, which is at the beginning of the dust storm season. It was too early to tell, therefore, if a great dust storm was going to occur that year. Current observations and what they show about present atmospheric conditions and the recession of the South Polar Cap is discussed
Exact valence bond entanglement entropy and probability distribution in the XXX spin chain and the Potts model
By relating the ground state of Temperley-Lieb hamiltonians to partition
functions of 2D statistical mechanics systems on a half plane, and using a
boundary Coulomb gas formalism, we obtain in closed form the valence bond
entanglement entropy as well as the valence bond probability distribution in
these ground states. We find in particular that for the XXX spin chain, the
number N_c of valence bonds connecting a subsystem of size L to the outside
goes, in the thermodynamic limit, as = (4/pi^2) ln L, disproving a recent
conjecture that this should be related with the von Neumann entropy, and thus
equal to 1/(3 ln 2) ln L. Our results generalize to the Q-state Potts model.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure
Deep Inelastic Lepton-Nucleon Scattering at HERA
Data from the HERA collider experiments, H1 and ZEUS, have been fundamental
to the rapid recent development of our understanding of the partonic
composition of the proton and of QCD. This report focuses on inclusive
measurements of neutral and charged current cross sections at HERA, using the
full available data taken to date. The present precision on the proton parton
densities and the further requirements for future measurements at the Tevatron
and LHC are explored. Emphasis is also placed on the region of very low
Bjorken-x and Q^2. In this region, the `confinement' transition takes place
from partons to hadrons as the relevant degrees of freedom and novel or exotic
QCD effects associated with large parton densities are most likely to be
observed. Finally, prospects for the second phase of HERA running are
discussed.Comment: 13 pages, 15 figures, to appear in Proceedings of the XXI
International Symposium on lepton and Photon Interactions at High Energies,
Fermilab, August 200
Towards Collaborative Conceptual Exploration
In domains with high knowledge distribution a natural objective is to create
principle foundations for collaborative interactive learning environments. We
present a first mathematical characterization of a collaborative learning
group, a consortium, based on closure systems of attribute sets and the
well-known attribute exploration algorithm from formal concept analysis. To
this end, we introduce (weak) local experts for subdomains of a given knowledge
domain. These entities are able to refute and potentially accept a given
(implicational) query for some closure system that is a restriction of the
whole domain. On this we build up a consortial expert and show first insights
about the ability of such an expert to answer queries. Furthermore, we depict
techniques on how to cope with falsely accepted implications and on combining
counterexamples. Using notions from combinatorial design theory we further
expand those insights as far as providing first results on the decidability
problem if a given consortium is able to explore some target domain.
Applications in conceptual knowledge acquisition as well as in collaborative
interactive ontology learning are at hand.Comment: 15 pages, 2 figure
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