Hadrons Without Strings

Descriptions of hadrons and glueballs can be constructed using strings to preserve gauge invariance. We show how this string dependence may be removed to all orders in perturbation theory.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figures, LaTe

Sideband Mixing in Intense Laser Backgrounds

The electron propagator in a laser background has been shown to be made up of a series of sideband poles. In this paper we study this decomposition by analysing the impact of the residual gauge freedom in the Volkov solution on the sidebands. We show that the gauge transformations do not alter the location of the poles. The identification of the propagator from the two-point function is maintained but we show that the sideband structures mix under residual gauge transformations.Comment: 9 page

The Colour of Quarks

It is shown that colour can only be defined on gauge invariant states. Since the ability to associate colour with constituent quarks is an integral part of the constituent quark model, this means that, if we want to extract constituent quarks from QCD, we need to dress Lagrangian quarks with gluons so that the result is gauge invariant. We further prove that gauge fixings can be used to construct such dressings. Gauge invariant dressed quark states are presented and a direct approach to the interquark potential is discussed. Some further aspects of dressing quarks are briefly discussed.Comment: Extended version, to appear in Phys. Lett B., 7 pages, Te

Fresh water and the Great Lakes economic future - a conference summary

On November 10, 2008, the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago’s Detroit Branch hosted a conference to examine fresh water’s role in the economic future of the Great Lakes region. Participants discussed policy, development, and restoration issues involving the region’s abundant freshwater resources.Water-supply

Automotive industry outlook: understanding work force programs

The Chicago Fed, along with the Cleveland Fed, Brookings Institution Metropolitan Policy Program, and the W. E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research, held a conference on October 8–9, 2009, to explore the ongoing adjustments of the automotive work force and its communities. This article summarizes panels evaluating work force programs.Automobile industry and trade

Automotive industry outlook: understanding the impact on workers and communities

On October 8–9, 2009, the Chicago Fed, along with the Cleveland Fed, Brookings Institution Metropolitan Policy Program, and the W. E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research, held a conference to address the ongoing adjustments of the automotive work force and its communities. This article summarizes one of the key conference panels.Automobile industry and trade

Sum rules and non-perturbative parameters in QCD

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