Two Waves of Globalisation: Superficial Similarities, Fundamental Differences

This paper looks at the two waves of globalisation (roughly 1820-1914 and 1960-present) focusing on key economic facts (trade investment, migration, and capital flows, Industrialisation/de-industrialisation convergence/divergence) beliefs and policymaking environments. The two waves are superficial similarities but are fundamentally different. Chief similarities include aggregate trade and capital flow ratios, and the importance of reductions in barriers to international transactions. The fundamental difference lies in the impact that these reductions had on trade in goods versus trade in ideas. Initial conditions constitute another important difference. Before the first wave, all the world was poor and agrarian. When the second wave began, it was sharply divided between rich and poor nations.

Mechanical end joint system for connecting structural column elements

A mechanical end joint system is presented that eliminates the possibility of free movements between the joint halves during loading or vibration. Both node joint body (NJB) and column end joint body (CEJB) have cylindrical engaging ends. Each of these ends has an integral semicircular tongue and groove. The two joint halves are engaged transversely - the tongue of the NJB mating with the groove of the CEJB and vice versa. The joint system employs a spring loaded internal latch mechanism housed in the CEJB. During mating, this mechanism is pushed away from the NJB and enters the NJB when mating is completed. In order to lock the joint and add a preload across the tongue and groove faces, an operating ring collar is rotated through 45 deg causing an internal mechanism to compress a Belleville washer preload mechanism. This causes an equal and opposite force to be exerted on the latch bolt and the latch plunger. This force presses the two joint halves tightly together. In order to prevent inadvertent disassembly, a secondary lock is also engaged when the joint is closed. Plungers are carried in the operating ring collar. When the joint is closed, the plungers fall into tracks on the CEJB, which allows the joint to be opened only when the operating ring collar and plungers are pushed directly away from the joining end. One application of this invention is the rapid assembly and disassembly of diverse skeletal framework structures which is extremely important in many projects involving the exploration of space

Bring The Jubilee: The Civil War and the Healing Power of its Music

The Civil War was the defining event in American history in many ways, and it was just as traumatic to the individuals who lived through it as it was to the nation. One way in which soldiers and civilians were able to process their emotions and understand their wartime experiences was through music. Civilians and soldiers alike wrote, published, performed, and listened to popular songs as a means of healing. This paper explores the variety of ways in which Americans of the North and South were able to do that. It examines the lyrics and music written during the war. Utilizing primary documents such as memoirs, reminiscences, newspaper accounts, sheet music, and song lyrics, as well as a variety of secondary and scholarly sources, dissertations, books, and websites, this paper shows that music served a variety of functions. Music was used for patriotic and political purposes, religious services, entertainment, and nostalgia; however its most overlooked use was as a form of trauma relief. The prevalence and enduring popularity of music in this form demonstrates that nineteenth-century Americans were able to comfort, understand, and express their emotions through popular songs and performances

A Struggle for Collective Memory: Sacrifice, Healing, and the Legacy of D-Day in Bedford, VA

The town of Bedford, Virginia suffered more casualties proportionately than any other American community during the World War II D-Day invasion of June 6th, 1944, in Normandy, France. Nineteen of thirty-five Bedford residents who served in Company A, 116th Infantry Regiment, 29th Division, of the Army National Guard were killed in battle. In the immediate aftermath, the townspeople were devastated, and had to mourn and continue their lives as best they could. As the years and decades passed, the ways in which the survivors dealt with their losses changed. Many of the townspeople never got over their loss. Methods of commemoration changed over the years, when it was done at all, until 2001 with the establishment of the National D-Day Memorial in Bedford. In the years since its establishment, the Memorial has proven to be the most effective tool for the community to utilize to come together in order to heal

Mobile remote manipulator vehicle system

A mobile remote manipulator system is disclosed for assembly, repair and logistics transport on, around and about a space station square bay truss structure. The vehicle is supported by a square track arrangement supported by guide pins integral with the space station truss structure and located at each truss node. Propulsion is provided by a central push-pull drive mechanism that extends out from the vehicle one full structural bay over the truss and locks drive rods into the guide pins. The draw bar is now retracted and the mobile remote manipulator system is pulled onto the next adjacent structural bay. Thus, translation of the vehicle is inchworm style. The drive bar can be locked onto two guide pins while the extendable draw bar is within the vehicle and then push the vehicle away one bay providing bidirectional push-pull drive. The track switches allow the vehicle to travel in two orthogonal directions over the truss structure which coupled with the bidirectional drive, allow movement in four directions on one plane. The top layer of this trilayered vehicle is a logistics platform. This platform is capable of 369 degees of rotation and will have two astronaut foot restraint platforms and a space crane integral