Resonance capture and dynamics of three-planet systems

We present a series of dynamical maps for fictitious three-planet systems in initially circular coplanar orbits. These maps have unveiled a rich resonant structure involving two or three planets, as well as indicating possible migration routes from secular to double resonances or pure three-planet commensurabilities. These structures are then compared to the present-day orbital architecture of observed resonant chains. In a second part of the paper, we describe N-body simulations of type-I migration. Depending on the orbital decay time-scale, we show that three-planet systems may be trapped in different combinations of independent commensurabilities: (i) double resonances, (ii) intersection between a two-planet and a first-order three-planet resonances, and (iii) simultaneous libration in two first-order three-planet resonances. These latter outcomes are found for slow migrations, while double resonances are almost always the final outcome in high-density discs. Finally, we discuss an application to the TRAPPIST-1 system. We find that, for low migration rates and planetary masses of the order of the estimated values, most three-planet sub-systems are able to reach the observed double resonances after following evolutionary routes defined by pure three-planet resonances. The final orbital configuration shows resonance offsets comparable with present-day values without the need of tidal dissipation. For the 8/5 resonance proposed to dominate the dynamics of the two inner planets, we find little evidence of its dynamical significance; instead, we propose that this relation between mean motions could be a consequence of the interaction between a pure three-planet resonance and a two-planet commensurability between planets c and d.Fil: Charalambous, Carolina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Astronomía Teórica y Experimental. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Observatorio Astronómico de Córdoba. Instituto de Astronomía Teórica y Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Marti, Javier Guillermo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Astrofísica La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas. Instituto de Astrofísica La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Beauge, Cristian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Astronomía Teórica y Experimental. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Observatorio Astronómico de Córdoba. Instituto de Astronomía Teórica y Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Ramos, Ximena Soledad. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Astronomía Teórica y Experimental. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Observatorio Astronómico de Córdoba. Instituto de Astronomía Teórica y Experimental; Argentin

Tefrocronología y frecuencia eruptiva en el holoceno superior del volcán Irazú, Costa Rica

El volcán Irazú, es un escudo andesítico, localizado en Costa Rica (América Central), cubre un área de aproximadamente 700 km2, con un volumen total de 359 km3. Presenta un amplio complejo central de cumbres con varios cráteres, siendo el cráter principal el que actualmente está ocupado por un pequeño lago y tiene además varios conos satélites alrededor de sus laderas principales, y varias cicatrices de derrumbes (Alvarado, 2021). Se formó como resultado de la subducción de la placa de Cocos bajo la microplaca de Panamá (Fig. 1). La profundidad de la placa de Cocos subductada bajo la microplaca de Panamá, a la altura del Irazú, parece ser de unos 110 km por debajo del volcán (Lücke y Arroyo, 2015). El Moho ha sido delimitado sísmicamente entre una profundidad de 35 y 45 km. (Dzierma et al., 2010; Lücke, 2012; Hayes et al., 2013)

Pleurodema tucumanum: Predation

Herein we report predation of a juvenile Pleurodema tucumanum by the water bug Belostoma discretum. This observation took place during the night of 9 April 2009 in the vicinity of the Rio Claro (32.613°S, 66.139°W), near San Francisco, Ayacucho, San Luis 5570, Argentina, in a large pool enclosed by rocks at the river’s edge. A juvenile P. tucumanum (19.6 mm SVL) was observed floating on the surface of the pool (no deeper than 0.2 m), with a B. discretum (24.8 mm long) attached to its abdomen. The water bug was holding the frog with its forelegs while piercing the frog’s left hindlimb with its proboscis. At regular intervals the water bug swam with apparent difficulty carrying the frog to the bottom of the pool, where it rested for an instant before emerging for air and repeating these actions.Facultad de Ciencias Exacta

Pleurodema tucumanum: Predation

Herein we report predation of a juvenile Pleurodema tucumanum by the water bug Belostoma discretum. This observation took place during the night of 9 April 2009 in the vicinity of the Rio Claro (32.613°S, 66.139°W), near San Francisco, Ayacucho, San Luis 5570, Argentina, in a large pool enclosed by rocks at the river’s edge. A juvenile P. tucumanum (19.6 mm SVL) was observed floating on the surface of the pool (no deeper than 0.2 m), with a B. discretum (24.8 mm long) attached to its abdomen. The water bug was holding the frog with its forelegs while piercing the frog’s left hindlimb with its proboscis. At regular intervals the water bug swam with apparent difficulty carrying the frog to the bottom of the pool, where it rested for an instant before emerging for air and repeating these actions.Facultad de Ciencias Exacta

Diet of the black-chinned siskin (<i>Carduelis barbata</i>) during autumn

Se analizó el contenido estomacal de 28 individuos de Cabecitanegra Austral (<i>Carduelis barbata</i>) colectados durante el otoño en el norte de la Patagonia. Todos los estómagos contuvieron alimento, cuyo peso promedio fue de 0.209 g. Se identificaron 11 ítems (7 de origen vegetal y 4 de origen animal). Las plantas predominaron en la dieta (85.8% en peso) y pertenecieron a las familias Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, Chenopodiaceae y Solanaceae. Las semillas más abundantes fueron de Camelina microcarpa y Sisymbrium sp. La fracción animal estuvo representada solo por insectos (14.2%) de los órdenes Diptera (larvas) y Homoptera (familias Psyllidae y Aphididae). Los Aphididae estuvieron representados en gran cantidad de muestras por <i>Pterocomma populeum</i>. Los gastrolitos aparecieron en todas las muestras, con un peso promedio de 0.093 g. Es destacable el alto porcentaje de insectos que el Cabecitanegra Austral incluye en su dieta, teniendo en cuenta que pertenece a una familia típicamente granívora.The contents of 28 stomachs of the Black-chinned Siskin (<i>Carduelis barbata</i>) were analyzed from an autumn collection from the north of Patagonia. All stomachs contained food. The mean mass was 0.209 g. Eleven items (seven vegetal and four animal) were identified in the samples. The plant fraction was predominant (85.8% in weight) and corresponded to the families Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, Chenopodiaceae and Solanaceae. <i>Camelina microcarpa</i> and <i>Sisymbrium sp</i>. were the more abundant seeds. The animal fraction was represented only by insects (14.2%) in the orders Diptera (larvae) and Homoptera (families Psyllidae and Aphididae). Aphididae was represented by <i>Pterocomma populeum</i> in many samples. Gastroliths were present in all samples, with a mean mass of 0.093 g. The high proportion of insects in the diet of the Black-chinned Siskin is striking considering that it belongs to a family of seed-eater

Dietary total antioxidant capacity is associated with leukocyte telomere length in a children and adolescent population

Background & Aims: Oxidative stress and inflammation seem to be potential underlying mechanisms for telomere attrition. A lack of specific antioxidants is believed to increase free radical damage and a greater risk for telomere shortening. Our aim was to evaluate the relationship between diet and leukocyte telomere length in a cross-sectional study of children and adolescents. We hypothesized that dietary total antioxidant capacity would be positively associated with telomere length. Methods: Telomere length was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in 287 participants (55% males, 6–18 years), who were randomly selected from the GENOI study. Results: A positive correlation between dietary total antioxidant capacity and telomere length (r=0.157, p=0.007) was found after adjustment for age and energy intake. However, higher white bread consumption was associated with shorter telomeres (β=-0.204, p=0.002) in fully-adjusted models. Interestingly, those individuals who had simultaneously higher dietary total antioxidant capacity and lower white bread consumption significantly presented the longest telomeres. Moreover, the multivariable-adjusted odds ratio for very short telomeres was 0.30 for dietary total antioxidant capacity (p=0.023) and 1.37 for white bread (p=0.025). Conclusion: It was concluded that longer telomeres were associated with higher dietary total antioxidant capacity and lower white bread consumption in S2panish children and adolescents. These findings might open a new line of investigation about the potential role of an antioxidant diet in maintaining telomere length

Valor clínico de la tomografía de emisión de positrones con F-18-FDG en el seguimiento de pacientes con cáncer de ovario

Background. Positron emission tomography with fluor- 18-deoxyglucose (PET-FDG) is an efficient technique for the detection of tumoural tissue. The aim of the paper is to evaluate the PET-FDG in the diagnosis of residual disease or relapse in patients with cancer of the ovary. Methods. A total of 24 patients, diagnosed and treated for cancer of the ovary with surgery and subsequent chemotherapy, were included. With 12 patients the study was carried out prior to second-look surgery, and with the other 12 after objectivising an increase of the tumoural marker in the follow up. Abdominal-pelvic CAT, determination of the seric levels of CA-125 and PET-FDG of thorax, abdomen and pelvis were carried out on all patients. The PET-FDG was evaluated in a qualitative way through the visual study of the images, and quantitatively through the SUV or standard uptake value. The definitive diagnosis was confirmed through an anatomopathological study in 13 cases and through clinical follow up in the rest with an average of 11.2±5.4 months (range 6-24). Results. A CA-125 value higher than 35 UI/ml was considered positive, obtaining a sensitivity of 77% and a specificity of 100%. The sensitivity of the CAT was 23% and the specificity 91%. With the FDG-PET sensitivity was 92% and the specificity 90%. A SUV value ≥ 3 was considered pathological, obtaining the same results as with the visual evaluation. The FDG-PET was positive in 5 patients with non-conclusive CAT, 4 with negative CAT and 2 with negative CA-125. Conclusion. These preliminary results suggest that the FDG-PET could be useful in the follow up of patients treated for cancer of the ovary. The FDG-PET could be efficient in the differentiation between residual disease or recurrence, as opposed to sequels to the treatment, when the CAT is not conclusive due to anatomical distortion. The FDG-PET could be more sensitive than an increased marker value, and facing an increase of the latter it permits a non-invasive localisation of the disease

Herramienta metaheurística de asistencia a la toma de decisiones de inversión en renovación de cables MT, con datos disponibles de la Smart Grid

[ES] Para atenuar el impacto de las averías en red subterránea MT sobre la continuidad del suministro eléctrico, desde su planificación de renovación, operación y mantenimiento, se desarrolla una herramienta de apoyo a la toma de decisiones. La herramienta se aplica en cables MT de papel impregnado en aceite (PILC) a renovar y así planificar la adecuada priorización. Se proporciona como resultado un Índice de Priorización que se atribuye a cada tramo PILC a renovar en la Región Este de España de i-DE. Es un índice actualizado con el registro sistemático de incidencias y el avance en la ejecución de la renovación planificada. Centra la atención en cables cercanos al final de vida útil, permitiendo anticipar el fallo en base a su condición y estado.El desarrollo de esta herramienta ha sido posible gracias al apoyo, iniciativa y los datos de la Smart Grid de i-DE, en estrecha colaboración con el ITE, centro tecnológico líder de la red de excelencia Cervera HySGrid+ (EXP - 00122779 / CER-20191019) apoyada por MICINN a través de CDTI.Barricarte-Navas, B.; Allende Aranguiz, G.; Jiménez-Chillarón, L.; Rodríguez Gutiérrez, Ó.; Bonfil Marti, LC.; Gómez Arciniega, D.; Picard López, JL.... (2020). Herramienta metaheurística de asistencia a la toma de decisiones de inversión en renovación de cables MT, con datos disponibles de la Smart Grid. Grupo Tecma Red. 11-16. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/178602S111

The Pro12Ala polymorphism of the PPARγ2 gene interacts with a Mediterranean Diet to prevent telomere shortening in the PREDIMED-NAVARRA randomized trial

Background: The gene variant Pro/Ala (rs1801282) in the PPARγ2 has been associated with lower cardiovascular risk and greater benefit from lifestyle interventions. This polymorphism also seems to be associated with longer lifespan, but no information on telomere length (TL) is available. Our aim was to study the association between the Ala allele and changes in TL in high cardiovascular risk subjects, and the potential interaction with a Mediterranean Diet (MeDiet) pattern. Methods and Results: A total of 521 subjects (55-80 years) participating in the Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea (PREDIMED) randomized trial were genotyped. Changes in TL, measured by quantitative real-time PCR, were assessed over 5 years of a nutritional intervention which promoted adherence to the MeDiet. Interestingly, Ala carriers showed lower telomere shortening after 5 years, compared with the Pro/Pro genotype (P=0.031). This association was modulated by MeDiet since those Ala carriers who reported better conformity to the MeDiet exhibited increased TL (P<0.001). Moreover, a reduction in carbohydrate intake (≤9.5 g/d) resulted in increased TL among Ala carriers. Notably, an apparent gene-diet interaction was found through the observed changes in the MUFA+PUFA/Carbohydrates ratio: as this ratio increased, TL lengthening was detected to a greater extent in the Ala carriers compared with the Pro/Pro subjects (P for interaction <0.001). Conclusions: The Pro12Ala polymorphism is associated with TL homeostasis after 5 years follow-up in subjects at high cardiovascular risk. In addition, a higher adherence to the MeDie