O discurso da sustentabilidade em sites de grifes brasileiras sob o olhar do design contemporâneo

The fashion sector has been alive since the Industrial Revolution thanks to its creative and glamorous features. Fashion brands can seize determined speeches to propagate their creations. The purpose of this article is to understand how two Brazilian fashion brands appropriate and spread the message of sustainability. In the work, a qualitative approach was used through a case study in which two companies in the Brazilian fashion sector were selected and two collections were chosen for analysis. When providing information, which is defined as a difference between the concepts, it is visible that the studies of Design for Sustainability communicate institutionally and that as companies of knowledge and application of the concepts there are certain levels, but as disclosed they show incomplete. It is understood that for the occurrence of contemporary fashion it is necessary that the discourses maintain aligned to the practice.El sector de la moda tal y como lo conocemos existe desde la Revolución Industrial y sigue vivo gracias a su carácter creativo y glamuroso. Las marcas de moda pueden aprovechar ciertos discursos para propagar sus creaciones. El objetivo de este artículo es comprender cómo dos marcas de moda brasileñas se apropian y difunden el mensaje de la sostenibilidad. En el trabajo, se utilizó un enfoque cualitativo a través de un estudio de caso en el que se seleccionaron dos empresas del sector de la moda brasileña y se eligieron dos colecciones para el análisis. Al final se notó que hay una diferencia entre lo que señalan los estudios de Diseño para la Sostenibilidad y lo que las empresas comunican institucionalmente, se ve que hay conocimiento y aplicación de conceptos en ciertos niveles, pero la información que se brinda es incompleta. Se entiende que para la moda contemporánea es necesario que los discursos estén alineados con las prácticas.O setor da moda, como se conhece, está presente desde a Revolução Industrial e se mantém vivo graças ao seu caráter criativo e glamouroso. As marcas de moda podem apoderar-se de determinados discursos para propagar suas criações. O objetivo deste artigo é compreender como duas marcas de moda brasileira se apropriam da mensagem da sustentabilidade, bem como a difundem. No trabalho utilizou-se uma abordagem qualitativa por meio de estudo de caso, em que foram selecionadas duas empresas do setor da moda brasileira e escolhidas duas coleções para análise. Ao final, percebeu-se que há uma diferença entre o que os estudos do Design para Sustentabilidade apontam e o que as empresas comunicam institucionalmente, sendo visível que há conhecimento e aplicação dos conceitos em certos níveis, mas as informações disponibilizadas mostram- se incompletas. Entende-se que, para a moda contemporânea, faz-se necessário que os discursos estejam alinhados às práticas

Design Estratégico na dimensão social para a Sustentabilidade: discussão sobre planejamento nos processos coletivos de produção artesanal

One of the problems of creating processes for local communities is how to organize collective actions for artisanal production, commonly carried out to generate income in these contexts. To resolve this issue, tools are sought to improve systems. For this, this article has the question “how can Design ac on the organization of local productions, to achieve Sustainability?”. Thus, it brings the identification of contributions of Strategic Design to the stimulation of communities acting in collectives to generate income, related to sustainable development. The selected method was the narrative bibliographic review, combined with databases used by graduate programs in Design. As a result, recommendations were found for collective practices, to achieve the Social Dimension of Sustainability, discussing planning, which unites the vernacular knowledge of artisanal production with the systemic organization of Design

Knowledge, attitude and practice of condom use by women of an impoverished urban area

OBJETIVO Avaliar a adequabilidade do conhecimento, da atitude e prática de mulheres acerca de preservativos masculino e feminino enquanto medida preventiva às IST/HIV. MÉTODO Inquérito domiciliar, avaliativo do tipo conhecimento, atitude e prática (PAC), de abordagem quantitativa, envolvendo 300 mulheres. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre junho e agosto de 2013, em um aglomerado subnormal do município de João Pessoa. RESULTADOS Para o preservativo masculino, a maioria das mulheres apresentou conhecimento e prática inadequados e atitude adequada. Em relação ao preservativo feminino, as variáveis conhecimento, atitude e prática foram insatisfatórias. Houve associações significativas entre conhecimento/orientação religiosa e atitude/escolaridade para o preservativo masculino. CONCLUSÃO A equipe multiprofissional deve estar compromissada com o desenvolvimento de práticas educativas como ferramentas de promoção do cuidado, no sentido de favorecer a adesão ao uso de preservativos.OBJETIVO Evaluar la adecuabilidad del conocimiento, la actitud y la práctica de mujeres acerca de los preservativos masculino y femenino en cuanto medida preventiva a las IST/VIH. MÉTODO Encuesta domiciliaria, evaluadora del tipo conocimiento, actitud y práctica (PAC), de abordaje cuantitativo, incluyendo a 300 mujeres. La recolección de datos ocurrió entre junio y agosto de 2013, en un asentamiento irregular (barrio de chozas) del municipio de João Pessoa. RESULTADOS Para el preservativo masculino, la mayoría de las mujeres demostró conocimiento y práctica inadecuados y actitud adecuada. Con respecto al preservativo femenino, las variables conocimiento, actitud y práctica fueron insatisfactorias. Hubo asociaciones significativas entre conocimiento/orientación religiosa y actitud/escolaridad para el preservativo masculino. CONCLUSIÓN El equipo multiprofesional debe tener compromiso con el desarrollo de prácticas educativas como herramientas de promoción del cuidado, a fin de favorecer la adhesión al uso de los preservativos.OBJECTIVE Assessing the adequacy of knowledge, attitude and practice of women regarding male and female condoms as STI/HIV preventive measures. METHOD An evaluative Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) household survey with a quantitative approach, involving 300 women. Data collection took place between June and August 2013, in an informal urban settlement within the municipality of João Pessoa, Paraiba, Northeast Brazil. RESULTS Regarding the male condom, most women showed inadequate knowledge and practice, and an adequate attitude. Regarding the female condom, knowledge, attitude and practice variables were unsatisfactory. Significant associations between knowledge/religious orientation and attitude/education regarding the male condom were observed. CONCLUSION A multidisciplinary team should be committed to the development of educational practices as care promotion tools in order to improve adherence of condom use

Knowledge, attitude and practice of condom use by women of an impoverished urban area

OBJECTIVE Assessing the adequacy of knowledge, attitude and practice of women regarding male and female condoms as STI/HIV preventive measures. METHOD An evaluative Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) household survey with a quantitative approach, involving 300 women. Data collection took place between June and August 2013, in an informal urban settlement within the municipality of João Pessoa, Paraiba, Northeast Brazil. RESULTS Regarding the male condom, most women showed inadequate knowledge and practice, and an adequate attitude. Regarding the female condom, knowledge, attitude and practice variables were unsatisfactory. Significant associations between knowledge/religious orientation and attitude/education regarding the male condom were observed. CONCLUSION A multidisciplinary team should be committed to the development of educational practices as care promotion tools in order to improve adherence of condom use

Rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART): Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is associated with high in-hospital mortality. Alveolar recruitment followed by ventilation at optimal titrated PEEP may reduce ventilator-induced lung injury and improve oxygenation in patients with ARDS, but the effects on mortality and other clinical outcomes remain unknown. This article reports the rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART). Methods/Design: ART is a pragmatic, multicenter, randomized (concealed), controlled trial, which aims to determine if maximum stepwise alveolar recruitment associated with PEEP titration is able to increase 28-day survival in patients with ARDS compared to conventional treatment (ARDSNet strategy). We will enroll adult patients with ARDS of less than 72 h duration. The intervention group will receive an alveolar recruitment maneuver, with stepwise increases of PEEP achieving 45 cmH(2)O and peak pressure of 60 cmH2O, followed by ventilation with optimal PEEP titrated according to the static compliance of the respiratory system. In the control group, mechanical ventilation will follow a conventional protocol (ARDSNet). In both groups, we will use controlled volume mode with low tidal volumes (4 to 6 mL/kg of predicted body weight) and targeting plateau pressure <= 30 cmH2O. The primary outcome is 28-day survival, and the secondary outcomes are: length of ICU stay; length of hospital stay; pneumothorax requiring chest tube during first 7 days; barotrauma during first 7 days; mechanical ventilation-free days from days 1 to 28; ICU, in-hospital, and 6-month survival. ART is an event-guided trial planned to last until 520 events (deaths within 28 days) are observed. These events allow detection of a hazard ratio of 0.75, with 90% power and two-tailed type I error of 5%. All analysis will follow the intention-to-treat principle. Discussion: If the ART strategy with maximum recruitment and PEEP titration improves 28-day survival, this will represent a notable advance to the care of ARDS patients. Conversely, if the ART strategy is similar or inferior to the current evidence-based strategy (ARDSNet), this should also change current practice as many institutions routinely employ recruitment maneuvers and set PEEP levels according to some titration method.Hospital do Coracao (HCor) as part of the Program 'Hospitais de Excelencia a Servico do SUS (PROADI-SUS)'Brazilian Ministry of Healt

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030