The crew timetabling problem: an extension of the crew scheduling problem

In some urban transportation companies driving periods are short when compared with the total duty time, leading to long non-driving periods that can be used as cover time. This paper presents the Crew Timetabling Problem, an extension of the Crew Scheduling Problem in which crew timetables are obtained by levelling the cover crew resources. An objective function for this problem is proposed in order to balance the number of driving and cover crews. A Lisbon Underground case study is used to illustrate The Crew Timetabling Problem. The problem is represented in a multigraph and solved by a tabu search-based heuristic

Functional disabilities and suburban environment: proposal of a typology for a difficult relationship

RESUMO - Introdução: Pretendeu-se conhecer a desigual distribuição dos indivíduos que apresentam incapacidades funcionais ligadas à audição, à visão e ao andar no espaço suburbano de Lisboa. Métodos: A articulação entre variáveis e unidades territoriais resultou numa tipologia que ajuda a diferenciar estes territórios e, finalmente, permitiu a criação de uma cartografia suburbana que relaciona, nas áreas mais problemáticas, episódios de incapacidade funcional e urbanismo. Resultados: Das 40 variáveis recolhidas verificou-se que com apenas oito foi possível descrever a realidade das 26 freguesias que apresentam uma taxa de risco bastante acima da média na concentração de pessoas com dificuldades funcionais. Estas freguesias estão assimetricamente distribuídas: 10 no norte e 16 no sul da Área Metropolitana. A aplicação da análise de clusters permitiu diferenciar estas freguesias em quatro tipos distintos: polarizador e envelhecido; desqualificado e residencial; antigo e rural; pouco acessível e diverso. Conclusão: Considera-se que os resultados obtidos a partir da investigação desenvolvida contribuem para o reforço do conhecimento do efeito acelerador ou inibidor do urbanismo na integração de populações com incapacidades funcionais e para a formulação de políticas urbanas mais adequadas, eficazes mas também diferenciadas, visando a inclusão sociourbana destes indivíduos.ABSTRACT - Introduction: In this article, the unequal distribution of individuals with functional disabilities linked to hearing, vision, and walking in the suburban area of Lisbon was studied. Methods: The relationship between variables and territorial units resulted in a typology that helps differentiate these territories and, finally, allowed the creation of a map of the suburbs that correlates episodes of functional disability and urbanism in the troubled areas. Results: From the 40 variables collected, only 8 were able to describe the reality of the 26 parishes that present a risk rate well above the average concentration of people with functional difficulties. These parishes are asymmetrically distributed: 10 in the north and 16 in the south of the metropolitan area. The methodology of cluster analysis allowed differentiating these parishes into 4 different types: polarizer and aging; disqualified and residential; old and rural; less accessible and diverse. Conclusion: We consider that the results obtained from the developed research may contribute to further the knowledge of the effects of urbanism as a factor in promoting or inhibiting the integration of people with functional disabilities, and thus in the design of more appropriate, effective but also differentiated urban policies aimed at the social and urban inclusion of these individuals.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Development of a Multi Criteria Decision Analysis Model for Pavement Maintenance at the Network Level: Application of the MACBETH Approach

This paper proposes the application of the MACBETH approach for the development of a multi criteria value model to enable the prioritization of maintenance and rehabilitation interventions in the pavements of road networks according to technical, economic, and social aspects. A case-study design considering the Portuguese network was undertaken to illustrate the proposed approach. Using an interactive structuring process developed with the decision-maker, a set of five evaluation criteria related to maintenance costs, traffic, pavement condition, safety, and social equity were defined. The MACBETH approach was then used to build value functions and establish relative weights for the criteria. An application of the resulting model was made to a portfolio of possible intervention projects, prioritizing them according to the principle of benefit/cost maximization. The case-study demonstrated the application of the MACBETH approach and its suitability to solve the decision-making problem, thus proving the usefulness of this approach for road agencies with pavement management responsibilities

Film art and conversation circle as an learning strategies in bioethics for collective subjects

Films are important tools of communication, expression, and perception of the world and important tools in the teaching and learning process. The present article aimed to analyze the discourses that emerged from the cinematographic work, having the conversation circle as a strategy for problematizing bioethics in the work process of teachers, students, and health workers. This is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach, with data collected from an interview guided by a semi-structured script. Faculty, students, and health workers participated in the study. Data analysis based on the content analysis technique, supported by the Atlas.ti version 9.0 software, enables the identification of two thematic categories: film art as a strategy for bioethical reflection and bioethical implications in teachers’ daily practices, students, and health professionals. The results revealed that the use of cinematography engenders a new formulation of the teaching-learning process, allowing participants to reflect on everyday ethical dilemmas. It’s concluded that it’s imperative to broaden debates with bioethical approaches, anchored to cinematographic art, as an effective method to stimulate reflective thinking

Habitar a metrópole: os apartamentos quitinetes de Adolf Franz Heep

The restructuring of the housing market and the emergence of a new housing typology in Sao Paulo from the mid-1940s, the kitchenette apartment, coincided with changes in the parameters that guided disciplinary discourse and architectural practice in Brazil. Analyze the moment the new typology was formulated, their initial motivations and subsequent developments, allows not only to recover the trajectory of the German architect Adolf Franz Heep (1902-1978) as investigate the dialogue between European architectural avant-garde, the North-American experiences, the local architectural production and the local demands

Genomic detection of a virus lineage replacement event of dengue virus serotype 2 in Brazil, 2019

Zika virus (ZIKV) has caused an explosive epidemic linked to severe clinical outcomes in the Americas. As of June 2018, 4,929 ZIKV suspected infections and 46 congenital syndrome cases had been reported in Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. Although Manaus is a key demographic hub in the Amazon region, little is known about the ZIKV epidemic there, in terms of both transmission and viral genetic diversity. Using portable virus genome sequencing, we generated 59 ZIKV genomes in Manaus. Phylogenetic analyses indicated multiple introductions of ZIKV from northeastern Brazil to Manaus. Spatial genomic analysis of virus movement among six areas in Manaus suggested that populous northern neighborhoods acted as sources of virus transmission to other neighborhoods. Our study revealed how the ZIKV epidemic was ignited and maintained within the largest urban metropolis in the Amazon. These results might contribute to improving the public health response to outbreaks in Brazil