Evolución de la distribución demográfica de las entidades singulares de La Rioja entre 2000 y 2020

El trabajo trata sobre la evolución de La Rioja en los últimos 20 años. Se ha analizado la distribución demográfica y económica de las entidades singulares. Se ha realizado comparaciones entre algunos años para observar cual ha sido su evolución y si ha experimentado algún cambio o no.<br /

Effect of humus supplement on growth, digestibility and nutritional efficiency of juvenile Helix aspersa snail

El humus es importante en la dieta de Helix aspersa y de otras especies de caracoles comestibles aunque su contribución nutricional es poco conocida. En el presente trabajo se evalúa el efecto de un suplemento con humus sobre el crecimiento, eficiencia nutricional y digestibilidad del caracol H. aspersa durante la fase juvenil. El experimento se hizo en laboratorio usando un diseño completamente al azar con dos tratamientos (dietas) con diez repeticiones de veinte caracoles: dieta I, concentrado comercial para gallinas ponedoras; dieta II, concentrado comercial para gallinas ponedoras más un suplemento con humus comercial de lombriz. Cuando los caracoles juveniles H. aspersa crecen en presencia de humus lo consumen regularmente y aumentan la velocidad de crecimiento (478.71±8.26 mg sin humus, dieta I; 912.21±9.42 mg con humus, dieta II; p≤0.01). El humus también aumenta la disponibilidad de los nutrientes orgánicos de la dieta, mejorando la digestibilidad de la materia seca (54.21±2.12% sin humus, dieta I; 80.13±1.37% con humus, dieta II; p≤0.001), energía bruta (56.32±3.13% sin humus, dieta I; 65.56±4.21% con humus, dieta II; p≤0.001), proteína cruda (63.14±3.41% sin humus, dieta I; 74.56±2.82% con humus; dieta II; p≤0.01), fibra detergente neutro (56.68±4.84% sin humus, dieta I; 66.64±3.21% con humus, dieta II; p≤0.01) y fibra detergente ácido (35.32±3.32% sin humus, dieta I; 47.42±2.13% con humus, dieta II; p≤0.001). Por tanto, se mejoró la razón de conversión alimenticia (1.12±0.14 sin humus, dieta I; 0.78±0.11 con humus, dieta II; p≤0.01) y la razón de eficiencia proteica (6.40±0.09 sin humus, dieta I; 11.09±0.15 con humus, dieta II; p≤0.01).Humus is important in the diet of Helix aspersa and other species of edible snails although its nutritional contribution is not well known. In this study the effect of a humus supplement on the growth, nutritional efficiency and digestibility of the snail H. aspersa in its juvenile stage was evaluated. The experiment was done under laboratory conditions using a completely randomized design with two treatments (diets) with ten replications of 20 snails: Diet I, commercial concentrate for laying hens; Diet II, the same commercial concentrate plus a commercial humus supplement for earthworms. When H. aspersa juvenile snails grow in the presence of humus, they feed regularly on the supplement and grow significantly faster (478.71±8.26 mg without humus, diet I; 912.21±9.42 mg with humus, diet II; p≤0.01). Humus also increases the availability of the diet’s organic nutrients, improving digestibility of dry matter (54.21±2.12% without humus, diet I; 80.13±1.37% with humus, diet II; p≤0.001), raw energy (56.32±3.13% without humus, diet I; 65.56±4.21% with humus, diet II; p≤0.001), crude protein (63.14±3.41% without humus, diet I; 74.56±2.82% with humus; diet II; p≤0.01), neutral detergent fiber (56.68±4.84% without humus, diet I; 66.64±3.21% with humus, diet II; p≤0.01) and acidic detergent fiber (35.32±3.32% without humus, diet I; 47.42±2.13% with humus, diet II; p≤0.001). Therefore, the feed conversion ratio was improved (1.12±0.14 without humus, diet I; 0.78±0.11 with humus, diet II; p≤0.01) and the protein efficiency ratio (6.40±0.09 without humus, diet I; 11.09±0.15 with humus, diet II; p≤0.01)

Productive evaluations of Aberdeen Angus and Argentina Criollo beef in two feeding systems in the northeast of The Pampa. Argentina

The objective of the study is to evaluate the productivity of two winter pastures under a rotational grazing system with and without energetic concentrates in the diet; in order to evaluate the productive behavior in Aberdeen Angus and Argentine Criollo beef. Sixty steer, castrated males of the breed Aberdeen Angus, of 6-7 months of age and 175 kg, and Argentine Criollo, at 8-9 months of age and 199 kg. The steer study were divided into four groups of 15 steer each. The study was conducted for 13 months in the first five months they grazed on oat farming (Avena sativa); and the following seven months on cebadilla (Bromus uniloides) and Lucerne (Medicago sativa) sown grassland, and the final month on oat. As a supplement they received ground grain sorghum (33 percent of the diet). The weight increment during the 13 months of the study went from 294,23 kg; 239,20 kg; 214,00 kg and 203,19 kg; an average weight gain of 0,754 kg/d; 0,613 kg/d; 0,549 kg/d and 0,520 kg/ d; a production per hectare of 374 kg/ha; 304 kg/ ha; 272 kg/ha and 258 kg/ha; and a stock efficiency of 77 percent, 67 percent, 59 percent, and 61 percent in the groups ACS, ASS, CCS and CSS, respectively.El objetivo del estudio es evaluar la productividad de dos invernadas pastoriles, bajo un sistema de pastoreo rotativo con y sin complemento de concentrados energéticos en la dieta; así como evaluar el comportamiento productivo de terneros Aberdeen Angus (AA) y Criollo Argentino (CA). Se cuenta con 60 terneros, machos castrados, de las razas Aberdeen Angus, con 6-7 meses de edad y 175 kg de peso, y Criollo Argentino, 8-9 meses de edad y 199 kg de peso. Se forman cuatro lotes de 15 terneros (ASS= Aberdeen sin complemento, ACS= Aberdeen con complemento, CSS= Criollo sin complemento y CCS= Criollo con complemento). El ensayo se realiza durante 13 meses: en los 5 primeros pastan en un cultivo de avena (Avena sativa) los siete meses siguientes en una pradera de alfalfa (Medicago sativa) y de cebadilla (Bromus uniloides) y en el último mes en un cultivo de avena. Como suplemento reciben grano de sorgo molido (33 p.100 de la dieta). El incremento medio de peso de los terneros, en los 13 meses de ensayo, fue 294,23 kg; 239,20 kg; 214,00 kg y 203,19 kg; la ganancia media de peso de 0,754 kg/d; 0,613 kg/d; 0,549 kg/d y 0,520 kg/d; la producción por hectárea de 374 kg/ ha, 304 kg/ha, 272kg/ha y 258 kg/ha; y la eficiencia en los lotes ACS, ASS, CCS y CSS, fue del 77, 67, 59 y 61 p.100, respectivamente

UE side Application Layer metrics For QoE-based Network Management.

Cellular networks are being improved by the automation of management tasks in order to optimize the performance while improving the efficiency. This is based on the vast amount of data which is available from the network side. Nonetheless, the network side perspective is limited and the focus is being redirected to the user side. Here, Drive Tests are in charge of collecting useful information, but at high costs. Thus, the present work presents a key source of information regarding network management: user side application layer metrics. In this regard, this work exploits this user side data by using different techniques to estimate the users’ quality of experience with the aim of network management.This work was supported by the project MUSE (Massive User Experience Assessment and Prediction for Mobile Networks) - Ref. UMA-CEIATECH-15, and the Spanish Ministry of economic affairs and Digital Transformation and European Union - NextGenerationEU within the framework “Recuperación, Transformación y Resiliencia y el Mecanismo de Recuperación y Resiliencia” - project MAORI, and Univer- sidad de Málaga through the “II Plan Propio de Investigación, Transferencia y Divulgación Científica” This work was possible thanks to the partnership with Metricell Limited to provide a very large dataset of anonymized metrics from real cellular network users. This work has been also funded by: Spanish Ministry of Universities - Ref. FPU20/02863

Análisis de gestión de las explotaciones caprinas extensivas de la sierra norte y este de Jaén

Se analizan 63 explotaciones caprinas extensivas de la Sierra Norte y Este de Jaén (Sierra Morena, Mágina, Segura, Cazorla y Las Villas). Se utilizan las razas: Blanca Andaluza, Blanca Celtibérica y Castiza, con una dimensión media por explotación de 1015 ha, 213 cabras, 169 derechos a prima y 204 chivos comerciales. El prinicipal problema de las explotaciones analizadas es la deficiente gestión, por ello se estructuran en función de su precio umbral. Los costes unitarios presentan una relación inversa a la dimensión y proporcional a la intensificación productiva y a las variables económicas: alimentación, mano de obra y amortizaciones. Se pueden diferenciar dos sistemas caprinos extensivos: El primero responde al modelo tradicional de producción de carne y presenta costes superiores a 7500 pta1/chivo, que sobrepasan el precio medio percibido de 7361 pta/chivo. Se caracteriza una superficie media pastoreada de 876 ha, 225 cabras, baja carga ganadera (0,06 UGM/ha), bajo índice de chivos comerciales por cabra (1,04). El segundo modelo presenta cierto grado de intensificación productiva, con costes (<5000 pta/ chivo) inferiores al precio medio percibido 7361 pta/chivo. Este sistema se caracteriza por una dimensión de 191 cabras y un área pastoreada de 940 ha con índices de carga de 0,33 UGM/ha y de 1,24 chivos comerciales por cabra

Effect of population density on size of edible snail helix aspersa müller

An assessment was made of the effects of population density on Helix aspersa Müller snails at their nursery stage. A sample of 3420 animals was used, grouped at eighteen density levels: from 600 to 11100 snails/m2. The results demonstrate that higher population density decreased growth (p<0.001). Furthermore the optimum snail population density at the nursery stage ranged from 600 to 4300 snails/m2.Se estudia el efecto de la densidad sobre el tamaño del Helix aspersa Müller durante la primera fase de crecimiento. Se utilizan 18 niveles de densidad entre 600 a 11100 animales/m2. Los resultados indican la existencia de diferencias significativas en el crecimiento según el nivel de densidad (p<0,001), de modo que a medida que se incrementa la densidad disminuye el tamaño. La densidad óptima, en primera edad, oscila entre 600 y 4300 animales/m2

Less is more : a comprehensive study on the effects of the unmber of gas diffusion layers on air-cathode microbial fuel cells

Altres ajuts: Acord transformatiu CRUE-CSICAir-cathode microbial fuel cells (AC-MFC) use a gas-diffusion-layer (GDL) coating based on polytetrafluoroethylene applied to the cathode to prevent electrolyte leakage. However, this type of GDL can also lead to a decrease in MFC performance due to electron-transfer limitation, mass-transfer limitation or catalyst availability. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the significance of the GDL coating, demonstrating the interaction between the number of GDL coatings and the external resistance (Rext) used. An experimental design in 28 mL AC-MFCs was prepared and conducted using two different Rext (10 and 249 Ω) and four different GDL coatings (1 to 4 layers). The coating effect was not significant when operating with a high Rext, where the electron transfer was the limiting process. However, when the Rext was low, the amount of polytetrafluoroethylene limited the cathode performance due to a significant decrease in the Pt availability on the catalytic surface. Thus, GDL-1 with 10 Ω as Rext reached 0.96 mA/cm2, 3-fold higher than that obtained with 249 Ω as Rext (ca. 0.30 mA/cm2). Besides, the current density did not vary noticeably in the other cathodes with 249 Ω as Rext. Contrarily, the current density with 10 Ω as Rext decreased as the number of GDL increased (0.74, 0.57 and 0.37 for GDL-2, GDL-3 and GDL-4 respectively). These values agreed with those of the polarization curve. Furthermore, limitations were also observed in electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements: the charge resistance increased with the number of GDL, related to the ease of electron flow. These values were18 Ω, 22 Ω, 53 Ω and 58 Ω for GDL-1, GDL-2, GDL-3 and GDL-4, respectively, for both 10 and 249 Ω cathodes

OGC SWE-based Data Acquisition System Development for EGIM on EMSODEV EU Project

The EMSODEV[1] (European Multidisciplinary Seafloor and water column Observatory DEVelopment) is an EU project whose general objective is to set up the full implementation and operation of the EMSO distributed Research Infrastructure (RI), through the development, testing and deployment of an EMSO Generic Instrument Module (EGIM). This research infrastructure will provide accurate records on marine environmental changes from distributed local nodes around Europe. These observations are critical to respond accurately to the social and scientific challenges such as climate change, changes in marine ecosystems, and marine hazards. In this paper we present the design and development of the EGIM data acquisition system. EGIM is able to operate on any EMSO node, mooring line, sea bed station, cabled or non-cabled and surface buoy. In fact a central function of EGIM within the EMSO infrastructure is to have a number of ocean locations where the same set of core variables are measured homogeneously: using the same hardware, same sensor references, same qualification methods, same calibration methods, same data format and access, and same maintenance procedures.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Data acquisition system development for EGIM on EMSODEV EU Project

The EMSODEV1 (European Multidisciplinary Seafloor and water-- column Observatory DEVelopment) is a UE project whose general objective is to set up the full implementation and operation of the EMSO distributed Research Infrastructure (RI), through the development, testing and deployment of an EMSO Generic Instrument Module (EGIM). The EGIM module will measure various ocean parameters in a long-term consistent, accurate and comparable manner. These measurements are critical to respond accurately to the social and scientific challenges such as climate change, changes in marine ecosystems, and marine hazards. Here we present the current status of the EGIM data acquisition system development.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Ectoines production from biogas in pilot bubble column bioreactors and their subsequent extraction via bio-milking

Producción CientíficaDespite the potential of biogas from waste/wastewater treatment as a renewable energy source, the presence of pollutants and the rapid decrease in the levelized cost of solar and wind power constrain the use of biogas for energy generation. Biogas conversion into ectoine, one of the most valuable bioproducts (1000 €/kg), constitutes a new strategy to promote a competitive biogas market. The potential for a stand-alone 20 L bubble column bioreactor operating at 6% NaCl and two 10 L interconnected bioreactors (at 0 and 6% NaCl, respectively) for ectoine production from biogas was comparatively assessed. The stand-alone reactor supported the best process performance due to its highest robustness and efficiency for ectoine accumulation (20–52 mgectoine/gVSS) and CH4 degradation (up to 84%). The increase in N availability and internal gas recirculation did not enhance ectoine synthesis. However, a 2-fold increase in the internal gas recirculation resulted in an approximately 1.3-fold increase in CH4 removal efficiency. Finally, the recovery of ectoine through bacterial bio-milking resulted in efficiencies of >70% without any negative impact of methanotrophic cell recycling to the bioreactors on CH4 biodegradation or ectoine synthesis.European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No 837998European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program and the Bio-based Industries ConsortiumJunta de Castilla y León y EU-FEDER (CLU 2017–09, CL-EI-2021–07, UIC 315