Postharvest quality changes of salvia (Salvia officinalis) stored under cold-storage conditions

El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de temperaturas bajas sobre la calidad poscosecha de salvia (Salvia officinalis L.). Para ello, las plantas fueron empacadas en bolsas de polietileno de baja densidad y almacenadas por 21 días a 0±2 y 6±2°C y un testigo a 23±2°C. Durante este período cada tres días se evaluó: tasa de respiración (TR), producción de etileno (PE), pérdida de peso (PP), sólidos solubles totales (SST), acidez titulable (AT), clorofila total (CT), color (*L, *C, °h) y vitamina C (VitC). Adicionalmente, mediante evaluación sensorial, se determinó: apariencia visual, escala de color, amarillamiento, abscisión de hojas y pudriciones. El uso de refrigeración (0° y 6°C) mantuvo la TR y PE con valores de 15,4 a 22,9 mL CO2·kg-1·h-1 y de 0,06 a 0,46mL etileno·kg-1·h-1, respectivamente. El uso de refrigeración disminuyó la pérdida de peso en salvia hasta un 40%. La CT y el CL se conservaron por 15 días a 6°C. El contenido de vitamina C decreció progresivamente, y fue significativamente menor en el tratamiento a 23°C. La refrigeración a 0°C, permitió prolongar la calidad de la salvia por 12 días, mientras que a 6° y 23°C, solo se mantuvo por 9 y 6 días, respectivamente.The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of low temperatures on the postharvest quality of sage (Salvia officinalis L.). For this, the plants were stored at 0° to 6°C with compared to 23 ± 2°C (control) and packed in polyethylene bags, low density for 21 days. During this period were evaluated every three days: respiration rate (TR), production of ethylene (PE), weight loss (WL), total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA), the total chlorophyll (CLT), color (*L, *C, °h) and vitamin C (VtC). Additionally, through a sensory evaluation: visual appearance, color scale, yellowing, leaf abscission and decay. The use of cooling (0° to 6°C) maintained the TR and PE values were 15.4 to 22.9 mL CO2·kg-1 · h-1 and 0.06 to 0.46mL ethylene · kg-1 · h-1, respectively. The use of cooling diminished WL up to 40% sage. The CT and CL were stored for up to 15 days to 6°C. The VtC gradually decreased, but this decrease were more evident in the treatment at 23°C. The best treatment was 0°C, since, allowed prolong the quality of sage up to 12 days, contrary to the treatments to 6° and 23°C where quality only maintained for up to 9 and 6 days, respectively.Fil: Romero Tejeda, María Luz. Universidad Autónoma Chapingo (México)Fil: Martínez Damián, María Teresa. Universidad Autónoma Chapingo (México)Fil: Rodríguez Pérez, Juan Enrique. Universidad Autónoma Chapingo (México)Fil: Colinas León, María Teresa Beryl. Universidad Autónoma Chapingo (México)Fil: Martínez Solís, Juan. Universidad Autónoma Chapingo (México

Continuar aprendiendo sin coincidir ni en el espacio ni en el tiempo: propuesta para la asignatura "Archivística, documentación y tecnología" del posgrado en Historia Naval

[SPA] Para garantizar el aprendizaje de sus alumnos un docente debe poseer una serie conocimientos sobre el contenido a impartir, pero también otros de índole pedagógicos y tecnológicos. Para alcanzar esa meta, las TICs pueden ayudar, y una de las aplicaciones puede ser a través de la Webs didácticas de las asignaturas. Teniendo en cuenta esa realidad, el presente trabajo pone de relieve la importancia de la comunicación, la Web 2.0, y las aplicaciones del tipo wiki, como herramientas con las que crear ese tipo de páginas. Previamente a ésta ya habíamos puesto en marcha con gran éxito otro tipo de herramientas basadas en las posibilidades de la Web 2.0, tales como blogs. Aquí mostramos la wiki de la asignatura presencial “Archivística, Documentación y Tecnología” del Posgrado de Historia Naval de la Cátedra de Historia Naval, todo ello encaminado a exponer nuestra apuesta por la innovación docente y fomentar su uso. [ENG]To ensure the learning of his students, a teacher must to have some knowledge about the content to teach, but also others such pedagogical and technological knowledge. Information and Communications Technology (ICT) can help in order to achieve that goal, and one aplication may be throught didactic websites subjects. Keep in mind that reality, the present paper shows the importance about communication, Web 2.0, and wiki applications, like tools to creat that kind of websites with. Previously, we had started another kind of tools based on the possibilities of Web 2.0, like blogs, with great success. Here we show the wiki of the subject “Archivística, Documentación y Tecnología” which is taught on the Naval History Posgraduate of the Naval History Chair, all of them designed to expose our bet for teaching innovation and promoting its use.Campus Mare Nostrum, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Universidad de Murcia, Región de Murcia

Documentación e investigación genealógica: guía de fuentes para la gestión de la información familiar

The variety, extent and geographical dispersion of the sources that are interesting to genealogical studies requires a detailed analysis of all the potential ones. Although there exists some previous work, there is a need for a more systematic and IR-related perspective, analyzing each source as a genealogical data container, trying to explain its scope, context, and specially analyzing the information that it can offer and providing a synthesis that can serve as a reference tool for researchers. In this paper the most important historical sources generated in the Hispanic territories are reviewed, whether of ecclesiastical, notarial, administrative, civil or military origin. An overview of the most important ones that are accessible on the Internet is also provided. It is concluded that a need exists to create digital spaces that include full-text sources, taking advantage of opportunities arising from the Internet, the development of genealogical programs and the advent of e-Government.La variedad, amplitud y la dispersión geográfica de las fuentes susceptibles de interés para los estudios genealógicos hacen necesario un análisis detallado de las existentes. En este artículo se aborda la cuestión desde una óptica documental, tratando de explicar su ámbito, su contexto, y sobre todo analizando la información que contiene para poder ofrecer una síntesis que sirva de referencia a los investigadores. Se analizan las fuentes históricas más importantes generadas en los territorios hispánicos, tanto de procedencia eclesiástica, notarial, administrativa, civil o militar. También se hace un repaso de las más importantes que están accesibles en Internet. Se concluye con la necesidad de generar espacios digitales en los que incluir las fuentes a texto completo, aprovechando las oportunidades surgidas con Internet, el desarrollo de los programas genealógicos, y con la llegada de la Administración Electrónica

La sección Rhamnastrum Rouy (Rhamnus, Rhamnaceae) en el norte de la Península Ibérica

Se presenta un estudio anatómico y morfológico de los táxones pertenecientes a la sección Rhamnastrum Rouy presentes en el Norte de la Península Ibérica. Los datos obtenidos se tratan estadísticamente mediante la utilización de técnicas de clasificación y se concluye que pueden reconocerse tres especies (Rhmnus alpina L.. Rhamnus legionensis Rothm. y Rhamnus pumila Turra)A taxonomic study of the section Rhamnastrum Rouy in the Northem of Iberian Peninsula is presented. The study involves an anatomic and morphologic assay. The results were analyzed by means of multivariate techniques and three species were recognized: Rhamnus alpina L., Rhamnus legionensis Rothm. and Rhamnus pumila [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

Ancient origin of the CAG expansion causing Huntington disease in a Spanish population

25 p. Figuras, tablas, bibliografíaHuntington disease (HD, MIM# 143100) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder characterized clinically by progressive motor impairment, cognitive decline, and emotional deterioration. The disease is caused by the abnormal expansion of a CAG trinucleotide repeat in the first exon of the huntingtin gene in chromosome 4p16.3. HD is spread worldwide and it is generally accepted that few mutational events account for the origin of the pathogenic CAG expansion in most populations. We have investigated the genetic history of HD mutation in 83 family probands from the Land of Valencia, Eastern Spain. An analysis of the HD/CCG repeat in informative families suggested that at least two main chromosomes were associated in the Valencian population, one associated with allele 7 (77 mutant chromosomes) and one associated with allele 10 (2 mutant chromosomes). Haplotype A-7-A (H1) was observed in 47 out of 48 phase-known mutant chromosomes, obtained by segregation analysis, through the haplotype analysis of rs1313770-HD/CCGrs82334, as it also was in 120 out of 166 chromosomes constructed by means of the PHASE program. The genetic history and geographical distribution of the main haplotype H1 were both studied by constructing extended haplotypes with flanking STRs D4S106 and D4S3034. We found that we were able to determine the age of the CAG expansion associated with the haplotype H1 as being between 4,700 and 10,000 years ago. Furthermore, we observed a nonhomogenous distribution in the different regions associated with the different extended haplotypes of the ancestral haplotype H1, suggesting that local founder effects have occurred.This work was supported by the Fondo de investigación Sanitaria (FIS grant 01/1159), the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (grant G03/56) for the Spanish Network on Cerebellar Ataxias, and the Generalitat Valenciana (grant GRUPOS03/015).Peer reviewe

A Double-Blind, Randomized Clinical Trial of Niacinamide 4% versus Hydroquinone 4% in the Treatment of Melasma

Background. Multiple modalities have been used in the treatment of melasma with variable success. Niacinamide has anti-inflammatory properties and is able to decrease the transfer of melanosomes. Objective. To evaluate the therapeutic effect of topical niacinamide versus hydroquinone (HQ) in melasma patients. Patients and Methods. Twenty-seven melasma patients were randomized to receive for eight weeks 4% niacinamide cream on one side of the face, and 4% HQ cream on the other. Sunscreen was applied along the observation period. They were assessed by noninvasive techniques for the evaluation of skin color, as well as subjective scales and histological sections initially and after the treatment with niacinamide. Results. All patients showed pigment improvement with both treatments. Colorimetric measures did not show statistical differences between both sides. However, good to excellent improvement was observed with niacinamide in 44% of patients, compared to 55% with HQ. Niacinamide reduced importantly the mast cell infiltrate and showed improvement of solar elastosis in melasma skin. Side effects were present in 18% with niacinamide versus 29% with HQ. Conclusion. Niacinamide induces a decrease in pigmentation, inflammatory infiltrate, and solar elastosis. Niacinamide is a safe and effective therapeutic agent for this condition

Model predictive control with constant switching frequency using a discrete space vector modulation with virtual state vectors

Finite states model predictive control (FS-MPC) appears as a promising control technique to be applied to power converters in the industry. However, the FS-MPC presents some drawbacks as non constant switching frequency and high sampling frequency. This work proposes a FS-MPC with constant switching frequency and low sampling frequency applying a discrete space vector modulation (DSVM) technique. The real state vectors of the converter are used together with new virtual state vectors forming switching sequences each sampling period. The advantages and disadvantages of the proposed FS-MPC with the DSVM are analysed using a two-level three-phase inverter connected to the grid as setup to introduce the proposed technique. Simulation results are presented, showing that using the proposed technique the switching frequency is fixed and the sampling frequency can be lowered without reducing the quality of the converter behaviour