Physico-chemical and antioxidant capacity determinations of hybrids from grape populations with teinturier parentals

[ESP] El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar muestras de uva de pulpa coloreada o sin color, y comparar los resultados de su capacidad antioxidante total y sus atributos de calidad. Las muestras corresponden a variedades tintoreras con pulpa roja y con semilla, y muestras de híbridos resultantes de poblaciones de variedades tintoreras y variedades de uva de mesa sin semilla. Con los resultados se distinguieron dos grupos en cuanto al porcentaje de capturación de radicales libres, correlativo y superior para pulpas tintas. La textura aumentó hasta tres veces en híbridos respecto a parentales tintoreros. Del estudio de apirenia se obtuvo que el 36,4% de los híbridos fueron sin semilla. Los híbridos han sido capaces de mejorar los atributos de calidad del fruto, manteniendo o incrementando los compuestos bioactivos de interés. En conclusión, los híbridos P1008, PF1001 y PF1006 continúan en líneas de mejora gracias a estas determinaciones. [ENG] The objective was to evaluate colored and non-colored flesh berry grapes, and to compare results of total antioxidant capacity and grapes quality analysis. Samples belong to seeded teinturier varieties with colored berry flesh, and hybrids of populations from cross of teinturier varieties and seedless table grape varieties. According to the percentage of scavenging activity, two groups were distinguished; higher results were obtained for color pulp samples. Texture was increased up to 3-fold in hybrids regarding teinturier varieties. Seedless study showed that 36.4% hybrids were no seeded. Hybrids have increased the quality attributes and maintained or increased the bioactive compounds. In conclusion, hybrids PF1008, PF1001 and PF1006 continue in breeding programs regarding these determinations.Se agradece a la Comunidad Autónoma de la Región de Murcia y al IMIDA la contratación de Pablo Crespo Ródenas (Cod. 583701) para el proyecto “Mejora genética de especies agrícolas de interés para la Región de Murcia” y con código “Feder 1420-21 Uva”. También se agradece la implicación en esta investigación al Grupo de Postrecolección y Refrigeración de la ETSIA-UPCT

Functional quality of new table grape hybrids with red berry flesh

[SPA] Las variedades de uva de mesa con pulpa tinta han tomado gran interés para los programas de mejora vegetal siguiendo una línea saludable. El principal objetivo de este trabajo es comparar variedades comerciales frente a híbridos de interés con pulpa tinta ricos en antioxidantes y compuestos bioactivos. Las variedades comerciales Itumfive, Itumnine, e Itumtwelve fueron comparadas con nuevos híbridos de pulpa tinta Hsd (Alicante Bouschet x Itumone) y Hsl (15-284-535 x Itumfifteen) en cuanto a los Compuestos Fenólicos Totales (CFT) y la Capacidad Antioxidante Total (CAT) mediante determinaciones espectrofotométricas. Los nuevos híbridos han registrado valores en pulpa entre 1,9 y 5,1 veces mayores en CFT frente a variedades comerciales. La CAT en las bayas ha representado entre 1,2 y 6,9 veces mayor contenido en los nuevos híbridos frente a las variedades comerciales. En conclusión, las variedades con pulpa tinta están genéticamente enriquecidas en compuestos saludables. [ENG] Red berry flesh table grape cultivars have recently become very important in breeding programs as a healthy challenge. The main objective of this work is to compare commercial varieties with potential new varieties with red berry flesh rich in antioxidants and bioactive compounds. Commercial varieties Itumfive, Itumnine, and Itumtwelve were compared with new hybrids with red berry flesh Hsd (Alicante Bouschet x Itumone) and Hsl (15-284-535 x Itumfifteen) in terms of their Total Phenolic Compounds (TPC) and Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) by using spectrophotometric determinations. New hybrids showed from 1.9 up to 5.1-fold higher TPC in berry pulp regarding commercial varieties. TAC in the whole berry reported from 1.2 up to 6.9 - fold higher content between new hybrids from commercial varieties. As conclusion, red berry flesh cultivars are genetically enriched in healthy promoting compounds.Se agradece a la Comunidad Autónoma de la Región de Murcia y al IMIDA la contratación de Pablo Crespo Ródenas (Cod. 583701) para el proyecto “Mejora genética de especies agrícolas de interés para la Región de Murcia” y con código “FEDER 1420-21 Uva”. Se agradece al Instituto de Biotecnología Vegetal de la UPCT el uso de determinados equipamientos. El contrato L. Martínez- Zamora ha sido financiado por el Programa de Recualificación del Sistema Universitario Español, modalidad Margarita Salas, de la Universidad de Murcia

Genomic transformation and social organization during the Copper Age-Bronze Age transition in southern Iberia

The emerging Bronze Age (BA) of southeastern Iberia saw marked social changes. Late Copper Age (CA) settlements were abandoned in favor of hilltop sites, and collective graves were largely replaced by single or double burials with often distinctive grave goods indirectly reflecting a hierarchical social organization, as exemplified by the BA El Argar group. We explored this transition from a genomic viewpoint by tripling the amount of data available for this period. Concomitant with the rise of El Argar starting ~2200 cal BCE, we observe a complete turnover of Y-chromosome lineages along with the arrival of steppe-related ancestry. This pattern is consistent with a founder effect in male lineages, supported by our finding that males shared more relatives at sites than females. However, simple two-source models do not find support in some El Argar groups, suggesting additional genetic contributions from the Mediterranean that could predate the BA

Risk factors for non-diabetic renal disease in diabetic patients

Background. Diabetic patients with kidney disease have a high prevalence of non-diabetic renal disease (NDRD). Renal and patient survival regarding the diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy (DN) or NDRD have not been widely studied. The aim of our study is to evaluate the prevalence of NDRD in patients with diabetes and to determine the capacity of clinical and analytical data in the prediction of NDRD. In addition, we will study renal and patient prognosis according to the renal biopsy findings in patients with diabetes. Methods. Retrospective multicentre observational study of renal biopsies performed in patients with diabetes from 2002 to 2014. Results. In total, 832 patients were included: 621 men (74.6%), mean age of 61.7 6 12.8 years, creatinine was 2.8 6 2.2 mg/dL and proteinuria 2.7 (interquartile range: 1.2–5.4) g/24 h. About 39.5% (n ¼ 329) of patients had DN, 49.6% (n ¼ 413) NDRD and 10.8% (n ¼ 90) mixed forms. The most frequent NDRD was nephroangiosclerosis (NAS) (n ¼ 87, 9.3%). In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, older age [odds ratio (OR) ¼ 1.03, 95% CI: 1.02–1.05, P < 0.001], microhaematuria (OR ¼ 1.51, 95% CI: 1.03–2.21, P ¼ 0.033) and absence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) (OR ¼ 0.28, 95% CI: 0.19–0.42, P < 0.001) were independently associated with NDRD. Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that patients with DN or mixed forms presented worse renal prognosis than NDRD (P < 0.001) and higher mortality (P ¼ 0.029). In multivariate Cox analyses, older age (P < 0.001), higher serum creatinine (P < 0.001), higher proteinuria (P < 0.001), DR (P ¼ 0.007) and DN (P < 0.001) were independent risk factors for renal replacement therapy. In addition, older age (P < 0.001), peripheral vascular disease (P ¼ 0.002), higher creatinine (P ¼ 0.01) and DN (P ¼ 0.015) were independent risk factors for mortality. Conclusions. The most frequent cause of NDRD is NAS. Elderly patients with microhaematuria and the absence of DR are the ones at risk for NDRD. Patients with DN presented worse renal prognosis and higher mortality than those with NDRD. These results suggest that in some patients with diabetes, kidney biopsy may be useful for an accurate renal diagnosis and subsequently treatment and prognosis

The coexistence of diabetic retinopathy and diabetic nephropathy is associated with worse kidney outcomes

Up to 50-60% of patients with diabetes have non-diabetic kidney disease (NDKD) on kidney biopsy. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a microvascular complication of diabetes frequently associated with diabetic nephropathy (DN). The objective of the current study was to investigate the kidney outcomes and survival in patients with biopsy diagnoses of DN and NDKD according to the presence of DR. We conducted an observational, multicentre and retrospective study of the pathological findings of renal biopsies from 832 consecutive patients with diabetes from 2002 to 2014 from 18 nephrology departments. The association of DR with kidney replacement therapy (KRT) or survival was assessed by Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses. Of 832 patients with diabetes and renal biopsy, 768 had a retinal examination and 221/768 (22.6%) had DR. During a follow-up of 10 years, 288/760 (37.9%) patients with follow-up data needed KRT and 157/760 (20.7%) died. The incidence of KRT was higher among patients with DN (alone or with NDKD) and DR [103/175 (58.9%)] than among patients without DR [88/216 (40.7%), P <.0001]. The incidence of KRT was also higher among patients with only NDKD and DR than among those without DR [18/46 (39.1%) versus 79/331 (23.9%), P <.0001]. In multivariate analysis, DR or DN were independent risk factors for KRT {hazard ratio [HR] 2.48 [confidence interval (CI) 1.85-3.31], P <.001}. DN (with or without DR) was also identified as an independent risk factor for mortality [HR 1.81 (CI 1.26-2.62), P =.001]. DR is associated with a higher risk of progression to kidney failure in patients with histological DN and in patients with NDKD

A multi-stakeholder multicriteria decision analysis for the reimbursement of orphan drugs (FinMHU-MCDA study)

Background: Patient access to orphan medicinal products (OMPs) is limited and varies between countries, reimbursement decisions on OMPs are complex, and there is a need for more transparent processes to know which criteria should be considered to inform these decisions. This study aimed to determine the most relevant criteria for the reimbursement of OMPs in Spain, from a multi-stakeholder perspective, and using multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA). Methods: An MCDA was developed in 3 phases and included 28 stakeholders closely related to the field of rare diseases (6 physicians, 5 hospital pharmacists, 7 health economists, 4 patient representatives and 6 members from national and regional health authorities). Initially [phase A], a bibliographic review was conducted to identify the potential reimbursement criteria. Then, a reduced advisory board (8 members) proposed, selected, and defined the final list of criteria that could be relevant for reimbursement. A discrete choice experiment (DCE) [phase B] was developed to determine the relevance and relative importance weight of such criteria according to the stakeholders’ preferences by choosing between pairs of hypothetical financing scenarios. A multinomial logit model was fitted to analyze the DCE responses. Finally [phase C], the advisory board review the results using a deliberative process. Results: Thirteen criteria were selected, related to 4 dimensions: patient population, disease, treatment, and economic evaluation. Nine criteria were deemed relevant for decision-making and associated with a higher relative importance: Health-related quality of life (HRQL) (23.53%), treatment efficacy (14.64%), availability of treatment alternatives (13.51%), disease severity (12.62%), avoided costs (11.21%), age of target population (7.75%), safety (seriousness of adverse events) (4.72%), quality of evidence (3.82%) and size of target population (3.12%). The remaining criteria had a < 3% relative importance: economic burden of disease (2.50%), cost of treatment (1.73%), cost-effectiveness (0.83%) and safety (frequency of adverse events) (0.03%). Conclusion: The reimbursement of OMPs in Spain should be determined by its effect on patient’s HRQL, the extent of its therapeutic benefit from efficacy and the availability of other therapeutic options. Furthermore, the severity of the rare disease should also influence the decision along with the potential of the treatment to avoid associated costs

D* Production in Deep Inelastic Scattering at HERA

This paper presents measurements of D^{*\pm} production in deep inelastic scattering from collisions between 27.5 GeV positrons and 820 GeV protons. The data have been taken with the ZEUS detector at HERA. The decay channel $D^{*+}\to (D^0 \to K^- \pi^+) \pi^+$ (+ c.c.) has been used in the study. The $e^+p$ cross section for inclusive D^{*\pm} production with $5<Q^2<100 GeV^2$ and $y<0.7$ is 5.3 \pms 1.0 \pms 0.8 nb in the kinematic region {$1.3<p_T(D^{*\pm})<9.0$ GeV and $| \eta(D^{*\pm}) |<1.5$}. Differential cross sections as functions of p_T(D^{*\pm}), $\eta(D^{*\pm}), W$ and $Q^2$ are compared with next-to-leading order QCD calculations based on the photon-gluon fusion production mechanism. After an extrapolation of the cross section to the full kinematic region in p_T(D^{*\pm}) and $\eta$(D^{*\pm}), the charm contribution $F_2^{c\bar{c}}(x,Q^2)$ to the proton structure function is determined for Bjorken $x$ between 2 $\cdot$ 10$^{-4}$ and 5 $\cdot$ 10$^{-3}$.Comment: 17 pages including 4 figure

Observation of Scaling Violations in Scaled Momentum Distributions at HERA

Charged particle production has been measured in deep inelastic scattering (DIS) events over a large range of $x$ and $Q^2$ using the ZEUS detector. The evolution of the scaled momentum, $x_p$, with $Q^2,$ in the range 10 to 1280 $GeV^2$, has been investigated in the current fragmentation region of the Breit frame. The results show clear evidence, in a single experiment, for scaling violations in scaled momenta as a function of $Q^2$.Comment: 21 pages including 4 figures, to be published in Physics Letters B. Two references adde

Modifiable risk factors associated with prediabetes in men and women: A cross-sectional analysis of the cohort study in primary health care on the evolution of patients with prediabetes

Background: Prediabetes is a high-risk state for diabetes development, but little is known about the factors associated with this state. The aim of the study was to identify modifiable risk factors associated with the presence of prediabetes in men and women. Methods: Cohort Study in Primary Health Care on the Evolution of Patients with Prediabetes (PREDAPS-Study) is a prospective study on a cohort of 1184 subjects with prediabetes and another cohort of 838 subjects without glucose metabolism disorders. It is being conducted by 125 general practitioners in Spain. Data for this analysis were collected during the baseline stage in 2012. The modifiable risk factors included were: smoking habit, alcohol consumption, low physical activity, inadequate diet, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and obesity. To assess independent association between each factor and prediabetes, odds ratios (ORs) were estimated using logistic regression models. Results: Abdominal obesity, low plasma levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-cholesterol), and hypertension were independently associated with the presence of prediabetes in both men and women. After adjusting for all factors, the respective ORs (95% Confidence Intervals) were 1.98 (1.41-2.79), 1.88 (1.23-2.88) and 1.86 (1.39-2.51) for men, and 1.89 (1.36-2.62), 1.58 (1.12-2.23) and 1.44 (1.07-1.92) for women. Also, general obesity was a risk factor in both sexes but did not reach statistical significance among men, after adjusting for all factors. Risky alcohol consumption was a risk factor for prediabetes in men, OR 1.49 (1.00-2.24). Conclusions: Obesity, low HDL-cholesterol levels, and hypertension were modifiable risk factors independently related to the presence of prediabetes in both sexes. The magnitudes of the associations were stronger for men than women. Abdominal obesity in both men and women displayed the strongest association with prediabetes. The findings suggest that there are some differences between men and women, which should be taken into account when implementing specific recommendations to prevent or delay the onset of diabetes in adult population