Environmental factors affecting weaning weight in Santiago del Estero Northwest

El peso a destete (PD) en vacunos es una medida atribuible a la habilidad materna y a la capacidad intrínseca del individuo para crecer. El PD está correlacionado con futuros pesos (al servicio o sacrificio) que influyen en el éxito del proceso de producción. Arango y Plasse (1994) mencionan que entre 25 y 40% del peso final se desarrolla en la etapa predestete, destacando la importancia biológica y económica de obtener un buen PD. El PD está influenciado por factores ambientales y genéticos. Entre los ambientales están: año de nacimiento, época o mes de nacimiento, entre los genéticos: sexo, edad de la madre (años o número de parto), entre otros. Estos factores difieren en su magnitud relativa, según la zona agroecológica, unidad de producción y constitución genética de la población en estudio. Sin embargo, es importante valorar el grado con el cual estos factores afectan a una determinada población. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar cómo influyen algunos factores ambientales sobre los PD de terneros Braford en el Noroeste de Santiago del Estero.Fil: Torres, Juan Carlos. Universidad Nacional de Tucuman. Facultad de Agronomia y Zootecnia. Departamento de Produccion Animal. Catedra de Zootecnia Especial I; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Pérez, P. G.. Universidad Nacional de Tucuman. Facultad de Agronomia y Zootecnia. Departamento de Produccion Animal. Catedra de Zootecnia Especial I; ArgentinaFil: Dos Santos, Daniel Andrés. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Martínez Calsina, L.. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Nacional de Inv. Agropecuarias. Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias. Instituto de Investigación Animal del Chaco Semiarido; ArgentinaFil: Recupero, J.. Universidad Nacional de Tucuman. Facultad de Agronomia y Zootecnia. Departamento de Produccion Animal. Catedra de Zootecnia Especial I; Argentin

Effects of Goat Manure Fertilization on Grain Nutritional Value in Two Contrasting Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) Varieties Cultivated at High Altitudes

In this study, the effects of goat manure fertilization (2, 4, 8, and 12 Tn/ha) on the grain yield, organic compounds, and mineral composition of two quinoa varieties (CICA-17 and Regalona Baer) were evaluated under field conditions in Northwest Argentina. The results indicate that fertilization improved the quinoa grain yield and total protein content. Low manure doses positively affected the fatty acid (FA) profile, and significant changes were determined for the monounsaturated (MUFA) and polyunsaturated (PUFA) fatty acid contents of CICA-17 and on the saturated fatty acid (SFA) contents of R. Baer seeds. The amino acid contents were positively affected in CICA-17 and negatively in R. Baer. Soluble sugars (glucose, fructose, and sucrose), major elements (K, Si, P, Mg, Ca, and Na), minor elements (Fe, Mn, Al, Zn, and Cu), and ultratrace elements (Cr and Li) were detected and discussed in terms of their impact on human nutrition and health. Conclusively, manure addition affected some essential amino acids, the desaturase activity, the n6:n3 and SFA/UFA ratios, the atherogenic index, soluble sugars, and mineral content, and the fatty acid metabolism of each variety was differently affected, especially the C16 and C18 desaturase activity, which responded differently to various manure doses. Manure addition is a promising alternative to improve the nutritional quality and functionality of quinoa grains, but the response is not linear

Integrative multi-omics analysis identifies a prognostic miRNA signature and a targetable miR-21-3p/TSC2/ mTOR axis in metastatic pheochromocytoma/ paraganglioma

Rationale: Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs) are rare neuroendocrine tumors that present variable outcomes. To date, no effective therapies or reliable prognostic markers are available for patients who develop metastatic PPGL (mPPGL). Our aim was to discover robust prognostic markers validated through in vitro models, and define specific therapeutic options according to tumor genomic features. Methods: We analyzed three PPGL miRNome datasets (n=443), validated candidate markers and assessed them in serum samples (n=36) to find a metastatic miRNA signature. An integrative study of miRNome, transcriptome and proteome was performed to find miRNA targets, which were further characterized in vitro. Results: A signature of six miRNAs (miR-21-3p, miR-183-5p, miR-182-5p, miR-96-5p, miR-551b-3p, and miR-202-5p) was associated with metastatic risk and time to progression. A higher expression of five of these miRNAs was also detected in PPGL patients’ liquid biopsies compared with controls. The combined expression of miR-21-3p/miR-183-5p showed the best power to predict metastasis (AUC=0.804, P=4.67·10-18), and was found associated in vitro with pro-metastatic features, such as neuroendocrine-mesenchymal transition phenotype, and increased cell migration rate. A pan-cancer multi-omic integrative study correlated miR-21-3p levels with TSC2 expression, mTOR pathway activation, and a predictive signature for mTOR inhibitor-sensitivity in PPGLs and other cancers. Likewise, we demonstrated in vitro a TSC2 repression and an enhanced rapamycin sensitivity upon miR-21-3p expression. Conclusions: Our findings support the assessment of miR-21-3p/miR-183-5p, in tumors and liquid biopsies, as biomarkers for risk stratification to improve the PPGL patients’ management. We propose miR-21-3p to select mPPGL patients who may benefit from mTOR inhibitors

Consensus guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of patients with pancreatic cancer in Spain

The management of patients with pancreatic cancer has advanced over the last few years. We convey a multidisciplinary group of experts in an attempt to stablish practical guidelines for the diagnoses, staging and management of these patients. This paper summarizes the main conclusions of the working group. Patients with suspected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma should be rapidly evaluated and referred to high-volume centers. Multidisciplinary supervision is critical for proper diagnoses, staging and to frame a treatment plan. Surgical resection together with chemotherapy offers the highest chance for cure in early stage disease. Patients with advanced disease should be classified in treatment groups to guide systemic treatment. New chemotherapeutic regimens have resulted in improved survival. Symptomatic management is critical in this disease. Enrollment in a clinical trial is, in general, recommended