INDICADORES MORFOMÉTRICOS FOLIARES PARA LA DETECCIÓN TEMPRANA DEL ESTRÉS HÍDRICO DE Gmelina arborea Roxb. EN SISTEMAS AGROFORESTALES, SANTAFÉ DE ANTIOQUIA

Leaf asymmetry was assessed in individuals of Gmelina arborea Roxb. growing under different soil water conditions in a dry forest agroforestry system (AFS), in Santafé de Antioquia. Leaf asymmetry was correlated with additional morphometric parameters, such as angle of insertion of the petiole in the leaf in mature individuals and the ratio of the number of teeth on the edge of the blade in juvenile leaves to propose new indicators of early stage stress. The models generated had R2 values of above 75 %, which support their use in identifying developmental instability as an early indicator of water stress. Similarly, leaf diversity was assessed between the two phenotypes of leaves (ML and JL), with conventional morphometric variables (length of the midrib, leaf perimeter, specific leaf area and dry matter), because they are characters related to leaf form and function. There were marked differences in form and behavior between the two types of leaf indicating a further source of instability evident from leaf ontogeny. The results of this work will allow the optimization of management strategies of G. arborea in the AFS as an early indicator of water stress.En esta investigación se evaluó la asimetría foliar (ASF) en individuos deGmelina arborea Roxb., establecidos en sistemas agroforestales (SAF), en áreas de bosque seco tropical, en el municipio de Santafé de Antioquia. Estos individuos crecen bajo diferentes condiciones hídricas del suelo. La ASF se correlacionó con nuevos parámetros de tipo morfométrico como el ángulo de inserción del peciolo en la lámina foliar (AIP) en individuos maduros y la razón entre el número de dientes del borde de la lámina (RDF) en las hojas de individuos juveniles, propuestos como nuevos indicadores del estado temprano de estrés en la especie. Los modelos generados presentaron valores de R2superiores al 75 %, lo que soporta su utilización como indicadores tempranos del estrés hídrico en G. arborea. Adicionalmente, se evaluó la diversidad foliar entre los dos tipos de hojas (HM y HJ), con variables morfométricas convencionales, tales como la longitud de la nervadura principal (L), perímetro de la hoja (P), área foliar específica (AFE) y materia seca (DW), puesto que son caracteres relacionados con la forma y funcionalidad foliar. De lo anterior se dedujo que existen marcadas diferencias en forma y comportamiento entre los dos tipos de hojas. Los resultados de este trabajo permitirán la optimización de estrategias de manejo de G. arborea en el SAF, gracias a la identificación temprana de la presencia de este tipo de estrés. Esto permitiría mantener permanentemente el dosel de los árboles y así mejorar el ambiente de productividad de los cultivos agrícolas asociados

Crecimiento y desarrollo de la lima ácida (citrus latifolia tanaka), cv. tahití, en suelos con limitaciones por profundidad efectiva, en un bosque seco tropical

Se evaluó la evolución de la biomasa, la distribución diferencial de ésta entre los órganos y algunos parámetros del crecimiento y desarrollo, de la lima ácida (Citrus latifolia Tanaka), cv. Tahití, injertada sobre Carrizo y Kryder. El cultivo se estableció en suelos con limitaciones por profundidad efectiva (PE) entre 10 y 20 cm; las evaluaciones se realizaron a los 24, 32 y 39 meses después del trasplante. Se debe tener presente que el crecimiento de las raíces está condicionado a los atributos edáficos en donde se establecen los cultivos, en especial los perennes, en cuyo caso existen requerimientos mínimos de PE para el adecuado desarrollo de los árboles; se establecieron diferencias entre la biomasa acumulada, como consecuencia de ésta limitación. Al comparar el crecimiento de las plantas con la PE se evidenció que los individuos que crecieron en suelos con PE de 20 cm, presentaron un desarrollo relativamente semejante a plantaciones sin limitaciones de este tipo; mientras que, en suelos con PE inferior a 10 cm, la respuesta fue 3 a 5 veces menor

Characterization of soils cultivated with rubber in the Colombian Bajo Cauca Antioqueño region

From a socioeconomic and environmental standpoint, rubber cultivation is potentially important for Colombia, because it not only constitutes an alternative to the traditional mining, agricultural, and livestock activities, but also a beneficial option in the substitution of illegal crops. Thus, there is need to determine the factors restricting the productivity of the species, particularly soil-related aspects. In this context, the current research undertook the description and identification of soil physical and chemical properties in three rubber plantations located in a region known as Bajo Cauca Antioqueño, at the lower course of the Cauca river. The results indicate that these soils are classified as Ultisols, they are deep, with acid reaction and low levels of soil organic matter. Essential elements also exhibited low levels, except Cu. Fe and Al are also present in very high concentrations, while the cation exchange capacity is limited. These observations alert on the need for agronomic management techniques that allow the crop to express its full potential under conditions that are not very adequate for its growth and developmentFrom a socioeconomic and environmental standpoint, rubber cultivation is potentially important for Colombia, because it not only constitutes an alternative to the traditional mining, agricultural, and livestock activities, but also a beneficial option in the substitution of illegal crops. Thus, there is need to determine the factors restricting the productivity of the species, particularly soil-related aspects. In this context, the current research undertook the description and identification of soil physical and chemical properties in three rubber plantations located in a region known as Bajo Cauca Antioqueño, at the lower course of the Cauca river. The results indicate that these soils are classified as Ultisols, they are deep, with acid reaction and low levels of soil organic matter. Essential elements also exhibited low levels, except Cu. Fe and Al are also present in very high concentrations, while the cation exchange capacity is limited. These observations alert on the need for agronomic management techniques that allow the crop to express its full potential under conditions that are not very adequate for its growth and development

The evolution of the ventilatory ratio is a prognostic factor in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 ARDS patients

Background: Mortality due to COVID-19 is high, especially in patients requiring mechanical ventilation. The purpose of the study is to investigate associations between mortality and variables measured during the first three days of mechanical ventilation in patients with COVID-19 intubated at ICU admission. Methods: Multicenter, observational, cohort study includes consecutive patients with COVID-19 admitted to 44 Spanish ICUs between February 25 and July 31, 2020, who required intubation at ICU admission and mechanical ventilation for more than three days. We collected demographic and clinical data prior to admission; information about clinical evolution at days 1 and 3 of mechanical ventilation; and outcomes. Results: Of the 2,095 patients with COVID-19 admitted to the ICU, 1,118 (53.3%) were intubated at day 1 and remained under mechanical ventilation at day three. From days 1 to 3, PaO2/FiO2 increased from 115.6 [80.0-171.2] to 180.0 [135.4-227.9] mmHg and the ventilatory ratio from 1.73 [1.33-2.25] to 1.96 [1.61-2.40]. In-hospital mortality was 38.7%. A higher increase between ICU admission and day 3 in the ventilatory ratio (OR 1.04 [CI 1.01-1.07], p = 0.030) and creatinine levels (OR 1.05 [CI 1.01-1.09], p = 0.005) and a lower increase in platelet counts (OR 0.96 [CI 0.93-1.00], p = 0.037) were independently associated with a higher risk of death. No association between mortality and the PaO2/FiO2 variation was observed (OR 0.99 [CI 0.95 to 1.02], p = 0.47). Conclusions: Higher ventilatory ratio and its increase at day 3 is associated with mortality in patients with COVID-19 receiving mechanical ventilation at ICU admission. No association was found in the PaO2/FiO2 variation

CIBERER : Spanish national network for research on rare diseases: A highly productive collaborative initiative

Altres ajuts: Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII); Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación.CIBER (Center for Biomedical Network Research; Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red) is a public national consortium created in 2006 under the umbrella of the Spanish National Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII). This innovative research structure comprises 11 different specific areas dedicated to the main public health priorities in the National Health System. CIBERER, the thematic area of CIBER focused on rare diseases (RDs) currently consists of 75 research groups belonging to universities, research centers, and hospitals of the entire country. CIBERER's mission is to be a center prioritizing and favoring collaboration and cooperation between biomedical and clinical research groups, with special emphasis on the aspects of genetic, molecular, biochemical, and cellular research of RDs. This research is the basis for providing new tools for the diagnosis and therapy of low-prevalence diseases, in line with the International Rare Diseases Research Consortium (IRDiRC) objectives, thus favoring translational research between the scientific environment of the laboratory and the clinical setting of health centers. In this article, we intend to review CIBERER's 15-year journey and summarize the main results obtained in terms of internationalization, scientific production, contributions toward the discovery of new therapies and novel genes associated to diseases, cooperation with patients' associations and many other topics related to RD research

La ganadería ante escenarios complejos.

La calidad de las contribuciones, producto de la pluma de especialistas en los temas tratados, el presente es un libro que esperamos, basándonos en la importancia de los temas tratados, sea de utilidad y abone a la reflexión de los estudiosos de la ganadería mexicana y, por supuesto, en beneficio de las familias ganaderas y de los consumidores de sus productos.este libro refleja en muchos sentidos la situación de la ganadería mexicana, a la que se le están demandando mayor producción y productividad, que los procesos productivos tengan la menor huella ecológicposible, que los alimentos sean inocuos, que se abatan costos de producción y, cada vez aumentan las presiones de diversos grupos para, que se incluyan los protocolos de bienestar animal, solamente por citar algunos de los retos que tiene. Algunas de estas demandas son complementarias, otras se contraponen, lo que hace valiosos a los estudios que desde las ciencias sociales se realizan y, desde diversas ópticas, se hagan propuestas de política pública balanceadas que consideren lo mejor de cada enfoque, pero sin desechar por completo los antagónicos.Universidad Autónoma Chaping

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

Colombian consensus recommendations for diagnosis, management and treatment of the infection by SARS-COV-2/ COVID-19 in health care facilities - Recommendations from expert´s group based and informed on evidence

La Asociación Colombiana de Infectología (ACIN) y el Instituto de Evaluación de Nuevas Tecnologías de la Salud (IETS) conformó un grupo de trabajo para desarrollar recomendaciones informadas y basadas en evidencia, por consenso de expertos para la atención, diagnóstico y manejo de casos de Covid 19. Estas guías son dirigidas al personal de salud y buscar dar recomendaciones en los ámbitos de la atención en salud de los casos de Covid-19, en el contexto nacional de Colombia