El debate sobre la digitalización en el contexto europeo:¿Google Books vs. Europeana?

[ES]Actualmente la digitalización del patrimonio cultural impreso es un proceso que se está realizando en numerosas las bibliotecas. el presente trabajo ha llevado a cabo un análisis que pretende valorar la importancia de este proceso de digitalización,.también se ha llevado a cabo un análisis vinculados al proceso: Google y Europeana, así como una exposición del debate del debate que se esta generando en torno a la digitalización en el contexto Europe

Double-click Rhetoric: Rhetorical Strategies of Communication in the Digital Context

This article analyzes the rhetorical strategies involved in the spread of texts created in a digital context. The Internet has initiated a new communicative environment which seeks to shape the contents and circumstances of dissemination of online news and electronic literature. The digital medium affects journalism and literature with a series of rhetorical strategies aimed at persuading the audience to double click (automated interactions, clickbait, trending). These rhetorical strategies are not accepted as valid in conventional media and publishing, however they promote rapid dissemination of digital news, as well as reconfi gure the existing relationships between authors and readers in literary works. Our aim is to explain how the dissemination of these texts can be understood from a rhetorical viewpoint, no matter how much the spread of fake news or the radical change in the electronic literary works can be criticized. We point to the consequences of a communicative context that prioritizes immediacy, anonymity and content democratization. Analyzing selected examples from the Spanish (social) media context will demonstrate how double-click rhetoric relates to fi ctionalization and backgrounding of ethos

Spanish media coverage of journalistic artificial intelligence: relevance, topics and framing

La inteligencia artificial (IA) se ha convertido en un tema muy discutido debido a su implementación en muchas áreas, incluida la periodística. Se examina la cobertura de la IA periodística en medios escritos españoles, particularmente la relevancia otorgada, los temas tratados y el encuadre desde el que se aborda, mediante un análisis de contenido cuantitativo y un análisis estadístico. La IA periodística solo aparece como tema principal en un tercio de los casos, está cada vez más presente, se distribuye en más secciones y aparece principalmente en piezas escritas por periodistas de los medios. Predominan los textos informativos, pero son los periodistas quienes escriben la mayoría de los interpretativos y prácticamente todos los opinativos, promoviendo así el conocimiento y el debate público. Se ocupan principalmente de la aplicación más extendida de la IA, que es la automatización, muy por encima de los problemas laborales y éticos. La IA periodística suele enmarcarse más desde sus beneficios que de sus riesgos, pero recientemente se observan algunos cambios: una creciente preocupación por sus peligros e implicaciones éticas; la detección de abundantes piezas con encuadre personal, donde los periodistas hablan de su profesión y del uso de ChatGPT; y una creciente relevancia del encuadre episódico con el desarrollo de productos de IA. Este estudio podría haber examinado todo tipo de medios, aunque habría ido más allá de la naturaleza exploratoria de esta investigación pionera. Con este trabajo ampliamos la producción científica sobre IA periodística en España, donde esta perspectiva no ha sido analizada.Artificial intelligence (AI) has become a much-discussed topic due to its implementation in many areas, including journalism. This article examines the coverage of journalistic AI in Spanish written media, in particular the relevance allocated to it, the topics that are addressed, and the framing from which it is approached. Quantitative content analysis and statistical analysis were used. Although journalistic AI only appears as the main topic in a third of cases, it is increasingly present, it is distributed across more sections, and it mostly appears in self-written articles. Despite informative texts prevailing, journalists author the majority of interpretative and practically all opinion pieces, thus increasing knowledge and promoting public debate. They deal largely with the most widespread application of AI, which is news automation, ranking well above the issues of job loss and ethics. Although journalistic AI is generally framed from a perspective of its benefits rather than from its risks, some recent changes are observed: growing concern about its dangers and its ethical implications; the detection of numerous pieces with a Personal Frame, where journalists reflect on their profession and the use of ChatGPT; and the growing relevance of the Episodic Frame as specific AI products develop. This study could have examined all types of media, although that approach would have gone beyond the exploratory nature of this pioneering research. With this work we extend scientific production on journalistic AI in Spain, where this perspective has not been analysed.Este artículo forma parte del proyecto PR3/23-30837 financiado por la Universidad Complutense de Madrid

The Messinian record of the outcropping marginal Alborán basin deposits: significance and implications

The Messinian record of marginal Alboran basins, such as the Sorbas Basin in southern Spain, consists of a shallow-marine succession with intercalated evaporites. The pre-evaporite sequence comprises a bryozoan-bivalve, temperate-carbonate unit overlain by tropical carbonates. The latter, in turn, consists of two superimposed units: a bioherm unit with coral (Porites, Tarbellastraea, and Siderastraea) and algal (Halimeda) mounds, and a coral (Porites)-stromatolite fringing reef unit. Climatic fluctuations in the Alboran area, linked to the Neogene glacial-interglacial oscillations, are thought to be responsible for the change from temperate to tropical conditions. Evaporites are mainly selenite gypsum deposits. The first post-evaporite unit is a mixed siliciclastic-carbonate marginal deposit, with small coral (Porites) patches and huge microbial (stromatolite and thrombolite) domes, changing basinward to silts and marls containing planktonic foraminifers. An incised erosion surface was scoured on top of the pre-evaporitic fringing reef unit. This erosion surface formed during drawdown and desiccation of the Mediterranean Sea, when huge masses of salt were deposited in its center. Deposition of gypsum at the very margin of the Alboran Sea took place later in small, barred, satellite perched basins. In these silled basins marine incursions became more and more frequent until a full connection with the Mediterranean Sea was established by the end of the Messinian. Reflooding was completed during the Messinian, as demonstrated by the marine marls with planktonic foraminifers found on top of the evaporites. This situation is comparable to that of the western Mediterranean (DSDP Site 372; ODP Site 975), where the upper evaporites are directly overlain by Messinian marls with planktonic foraminifers. During the initial stages of marine recolonization, microbes coexisted with, but outcompeted, the normal marine biota. This resulted in the widespread proliferation of microbial carbonates (stromatolites and thrombolites).This work was supported by DGICYT (Spain) Project PB93-1113 and by “Fundación Ramón Areces” Project: “Cambios climáticos en el sur de España durante el Neógeno.

Predicting the physicochemical properties and geographical ORIGIN of lentils using near infrared spectroscopy

[EN]Calibration statistical descriptors for both whole and ground lentils using Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS), combined with fiber-optic probe, are presented and discussed. The models were developed for estimating the weight, size, total raw protein, moisture, total fat, total fiber, and ash. Standard methods were used to determine compositional parameters of 42 samples of different varieties of lentils. The calibration curves show a wide range of validity for all parameters. The results showed excellent predictability for the determination of weight, fiber, and ash in whole lentils. However, size, moisture, and total fat were predicted satisfactorily in ground lentils. The total protein content could be predicted for both whole and ground lentils. Moreover, NIRS and Direct Partial Least Squares (DPLS) were used to determine whether a sample of lentils belonged to the Protected Geographical Indication (PGI) “Lenteja de La Armuña” or not. The results showed that 95% of the samples were correctly classified as belonging to a PGI. This result demonstrates that this technique allows the differentiation of samples from nearby regions

Estimation indirecte du nombre d’immigrés en Espagne à partir des taux de fécondité et des naissances

Cet article propose une méthode indirecte pour valider les décomptes du nombre d’immigrés en Espagne établis à partir des registres municipaux de population, qui pourraient surestimer le nombre d’immigrés du fait de doubles enregistrements et de défauts de radiation en cas de départ du pays. La méthode proposée utilise deux types d’informations?: le nombre de naissances issues d’immigrés et leurs taux de fécondité. Les statistiques de naissances par origine des parents proviennent de l’état civil espagnol?; les taux de fécondité sont estimés à partir de l’Enquête nationale sur les immigrés de 2007. Pour les femmes, l’estimation indirecte ne diffère pas significativement du décompte dans le registre, ce qu’on peut considérer comme une validation des deux sources. Pour les hommes, le registre de population dénombre 15?% d’immigrés de plus que l’estimation indirecte, avec un écart statistiquement significatif. Comparés aux estimations proposées dans cet article, les dénombrements des hommes et femmes provenant d’Europe occidentale et des hommes de Roumanie présentent un excédent important. À l’inverse, le rapport est faiblement inférieur à 1 pour les hommes et femmes d’Équateur et les hommes d’Afrique, ce qui suggère un sous-enregistrement de ces groupes par le registre de population.Peer reviewe

Temperate and tropical shelf-carbonate sedimentation in the western Mediterranean during the Neogene: Climatic and palaeoceanographic implications

Publicado en: Martín, J.M.; Braga, J.C.; Sánchez-Almazo, I.M.; Aguirre, J. (2010). Temperate and tropical carbonate-sedimentation episodes in the Neogene Betic basins (southern Spain) linked to climatic oscillations and changes in Atlantic-Mediterranean connections: constraints from isotopic data. In: M. Mutti, W. Piller, C. Betzler (eds.). Carbonate systems during the Oligocene-Miocene climatic transition. Int. Assoc. Sedimentol. Spec. Publ., 42: 49-70.[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118398364.ch4]Temperate) and tropical shelf-carbonate deposits alternate in the Upper Miocene–Lower Pliocene record of the Betic, Mediterranean-linked basins. Temperate carbonates appear in the early Late-Tortonian, latest Tortonian–earliest Messinian, and in the Zanclean. Tropical carbonates occur in the earliest Tortonian, Late Tortonian, and in the Messinian. Temperate carbonates consist of bioclastic limestones with abundant bryozoan, coralline algal and bivalve remains. Hermatypic corals and calcareous green algae (Halimeda) are the main components in the tropical carbonates. Fossil assemblages and stable isotope analyses suggest that sea-surface water-temperature variations controlled the types of carbonates formed. During the Late Miocene, temperate carbonates accumulated on ramps in cold periods, during sea-level lowstands of third-order eustatic cycles, while tropical carbonates formed on shelves in warm periods, during rising and high sea levels. In the Early Pliocene, the closure of the Rifian Straits and the opening of the Gibraltar Straits induced the flowing of temperate surface waters into the Mediterranean Sea from a more northern, cooler Atlantic source area. This new situation caused the disappearance of coral reefs in the Mediterranean Pliocene, and favoured the development of temperate carbonates on shelves. This regional cooling is in contrast to the subtle global warming recorded in the open oceans during the Early Pliocene.En el registro estratigráfico del Mioceno superior-Plioceno inferior de las cuencas Béticas Mediterráneas aparecen alternando depósitos de carbonatos de plataforma templados y tropicales. Los episodios de carbonatos templados se localizan al inicio del Tortoniense superior, en el Tortoniense terminal-Messiniense inicial y en el Zanclean. Los tropicales al inicio del Tortoniense, en el Tortoniense superior y en el Messiniense. Los carbonatos templados corresponden a calizas bioclásticas con abundantes restos de briozoos, algas rojas y bivalvos. Corales hermatípicos y algas verdes calcáreas (Halimeda) son los componentes más abundantes y significativos de los carbonatos tropicales. Las asociaciones fosilíferas y los análisis de isótopos estables sugieren que las variaciones en la temperatura superficial del agua del mar controlaron el tipo de carbonato formado. En el Mioceno superior, los carbonatos templados se acumularon en rampas en momentos fríos, coetáneos con las fases de bajo nivel de mar de los ciclos de tercer orden, mientras que los tropicales se depositaron en las plataformas en períodos más cálidos, coincidiendo con las fases de ascenso y de alto nivel del mar de los ciclos de tercer orden. El cierre de los Estrechos Rifeños y la apertura del Estrecho de Gibraltar en el Plioceno Inferior favoreció el flujo de aguas más frías superficiales desde el Atlántico y trajo como consecuencia la desaparición de los arrecifes de coral en el Mediterráneo y el desarrollo de carbonatos templados en las plataformas. Este episodio de enfriamiento, de carácter regional y limitado al área Mediterránea, contrasta con el sutil calentamiento global que se registra en el resto de los océanos en el Plioceno Inferior

Vulnerables.

Universidad Pablo de OlavideMinisterio de Ciencia e Innovación CSO2009-06819-EUniversidad de Granada 1975-200

CALIFA, the Calar Alto Legacy Integral Field Area survey III. Second public data release

CALIFA is the first legacy survey being performed at Calar Alto. The CALIFA collaboration would like to thank the IAA-CSIC and MPIA-MPG as major partners of the observatory, and CAHA itself, for the unique access to telescope time and support in manpower and infrastructures. The CALIFA collaboration thanks also the CAHA staff for the dedication to this project. R.G.B., R.G.D., and E.P. are supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion under grant AYA2010-15081. S.Z. is supported by the EU Marie Curie Integration Grant "SteMaGE" Nr. PCIG12-GA-2012-326466 (Call Identifier: FP7-PEOPLE-2012 CIG). J.F.B. acknowledges support from grants AYA2010-21322-C03-02 and AIB-2010-DE-00227 from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO), as well as from the FP7 Marie Curie Actions of the European Commission, via the Initial Training Network DAGAL under REA grant agreement number 289313. Support for L.G. is provided by the Ministry of Economy, Development, and Tourism's Millennium Science Initiative through grant IC12009, awarded to The Millennium Institute of Astrophysics, M.A.S.L.G. also acknowledges support by CONICYT through FONDECYT grant 3140566. A.G. acknowledges support from the FP7/2007-2013 under grant agreement n. 267251 (AstroFIt). J.M.G. acknowledges support from the Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT) through the Fellowship SFRH/BPD/66958/2009 from FCT (Portugal) and research grant PTDC/FIS-AST/3214/2012. RAM was funded by the Spanish programme of International Campus of Excellence Moncloa (CEI). J.M.A. acknowledges support from the European Research Council Starting Grant (SEDmorph; P.I. V. Wild). I.M., J.M. and A.d.O. acknowledge the support by the projects AYA2010-15196 from the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion and TIC 114 and PO08-TIC-3531 from Junta de Andalucia. AMI acknowledges support from Agence Nationale de la Recherche through the STILISM project (ANR-12-BS05-0016-02). M.M. acknowledges financial support from AYA2010-21887-C04-02 from the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad. P.P. is supported by an FCT Investigador 2013 Contract, funded by FCT/MCTES (Portugal) and POPH/FSE (EC). P.P. acknowledges support by FCT under project FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-029170 (Reference FCT PTDC/FIS-AST/3214/2012), funded by FCT-MEC (PIDDAC) and FEDER (COMPETE). T.R.L. thanks the support of the Spanish Ministerio de Educacion, Cultura y Deporte by means of the FPU fellowship. PSB acknowledges support from the Ramon y Cajal program, grant ATA2010-21322-C03-02 from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO). C.J.W. acknowledges support through the Marie Curie Career Integration Grant 303912. V.W. acknowledges support from the European Research Council Starting Grant (SEDMorph P.I. V. Wild) and European Career Re-integration Grant (Phiz-Ev P.I.V. Wild). Y.A. acknowledges financial support from the Ramon y Cajal programme (RyC-2011-09461) and project AYA2013-47742-C4-3-P, both managed by the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad, as well as the "Study of Emission-Line Galaxies with Integral-Field Spectroscopy" (SELGIFS) programme, funded by the EU (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IRSES-612701) within the Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions scheme. We thank the referee David Wilman for very useful comments that improved the presentation of the paper.This paper describes the Second Public Data Release (DR2) of the Calar Alto Legacy Integral Field Area (CALIFA) survey. The data for 200 objects are made public, including the 100 galaxies of the First Public Data Release (DR1). Data were obtained with the integral-field spectrograph PMAS/PPak mounted on the 3.5 m telescope at the Calar Alto observatory. Two different spectral setups are available for each galaxy, (i) a lowresolution V500 setup covering the wavelength range 3745–7500 Å with a spectral resolution of 6.0 Å (FWHM); and (ii) a medium-resolution V1200 setup covering the wavelength range 3650–4840 Å with a spectral resolution of 2.3 Å (FWHM). The sample covers a redshift range between 0.005 and 0.03, with a wide range of properties in the color–magnitude diagram, stellar mass, ionization conditions, and morphological types. All the cubes in the data release were reduced with the latest pipeline, which includes improved spectrophotometric calibration, spatial registration, and spatial resolution. The spectrophotometric calibration is better than 6% and the median spatial resolution is 200 : 4. In total, the second data release contains over 1.5 million spectra.Instituto de Salud Carlos III Spanish Government AYA2010-15081 AYA2010-15196European Union (EU) PCIG12-GA-2012-326466Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) AYA2010-21322-C03-02 AIB-2010-DE-00227FP7 Marie Curie Actions of the European Commission, via the Initial Training Network DAGAL under REA 289313Ministry of Economy, Development, and Tourism's Millennium Science Initiative IC12009Comision Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica (CONICYT) CONICYT FONDECYT 3140566Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT) from FCT (Portugal) SFRH/BPD/66958/2009Spanish programme of International Campus of Excellence Moncloa (CEI)European Research Council (ERC)Junta de Andalucia TIC 114 PO08-TIC-3531French National Research Agency (ANR) ANR-12-BS05-0016-02Spanish Government AYA2010-21887-C04-02FCT Investigador Contract - FCT/MCTES (Portugal)European Commission Joint Research Centre European Social Fund (ESF)FCT - FCT-MEC (PIDDAC) FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-029170 FCT PTDC/FIS-AST/3214/2012European Union (EU)Spanish Ministerio de Educacion, Cultura y Deporte by FPURamon y Cajal program from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) ATA2010-21322-C03-02European Union (EU) 303912European Career Re-integration GrantSpanish Government RyC-2011-09461 AYA2013-47742-C4-3-PEuropean Union (EU) FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IRSES-612701PTDC/FIS-AST/3214/2012Science & Technology Facilities Council (STFC) ST/K000985/