Study of the reaction 2-(p-nitrophenyl)ethyl bromide + OH- in dimeric micellar solutions

The dehydrobromination reaction 2-(p-nitrophenyl)ethyl bromide + OH− was investigated in several alkanediyl---bis(dodecyldimethylammonium) bromide, 12-s- 12,2Br− (with s = 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12) micellar solutions, in the presence of NaOH 5 × 10−3 M. The kinetic data were quantitatively rationalized within the whole surfactant concentration range by using an equation based on the pseudophase ion-exchange model and taking the variations in the micellar ionization degree caused by the morphological transitions into account. The agreement between the theoretical and the experimental data was good in all the dimeric micellar media studied, except for the 12-2-12,2Br− micellar solutions. In this case, the strong tendency to micellar growth shown by the 12-2-12,2Br− micelles could be responsible for the lack of accordance. Results showed that the dimeric micelles accelerate the reaction more than two orders of magnitude as compared to waterConsejería de Innovación, Ciencia y Empresa de la Junta de Andalucía FQM-274and P07-FQM-03056DGCYT grant BQU2009-0747

La multidimensionalidad del hecho delictivo: Una aproximación cualitativa desde el aula

En esta comunicación se presentan los resultados del Proyecto de Innovación Docente concedido por la Unidad de Innovación Docente de la Universidad de Cádiz denominado “La multidimensionalidad del hecho delictivo: Una aproximación cualitativa desde el aula” e implementado durante el curso académico 2017-2018 entre los alumnos de Tercer Curso del Grado de Criminología y Seguridad de la Universidad de Cádiz. Se tomaron como estudio de caso los delitos relacionados con la indemnidad e integridad sexual del menor. A través de la implementación de un total de 8 actividades prácticas desarrolladas en el aula de forma grupal y en el marco de la asignatura Técnicas de Investigación Cualitativas en Criminología, los estudiantes descubriendo de forma práctica cada una de las fases que guían la investigación cualitativa, así como las potencialidades y dificultades de las mismas, y todo ello vinculándolo con el tipo delictivo seleccionado. La puesta en práctica de tales actividades permitió al alumnado no solo adquirir habilidades técnicas para la investigación social aplicada, sino tomar conciencia, entre otras cuestiones de la dificultad en la delimitación teórica y conceptual del hecho delictivo analizado -pederastia versus pedofilia-, la multidimensionalidad del fenómeno así como la amplia tipología de informantes clave sobre el tipo delictivo estudiado, la variedad de escenarios en los que puede llegar a producirse, su etiología característica junto con las posibles trabas para el desarrollo de medidas dirigidas a su prevención y/o tratamiento, sin olvidar, la dimensión de género que subyace, en las relaciones víctima-victimario, en los delitos relacionados con la indemnidad sexual del menor. La encuesta de valoración de la innovación docente implementada en el aula revela una valoración bastante positiva de la misma por parte de los estudiantes, tanto de forma global como para cada una de las actividades específicas llevadas a cabo en el marco del proyecto mencionado

New Trends in Aging Drug Discovery

Aging is considered the main risk factor for many chronic diseases that frequently appear at advanced ages. However, the inevitability of this process is being questioned by recent research that suggests that senescent cells have specific features that differentiate them from younger cells and that removal of these cells ameliorates senescent phenotype and associated diseases. This opens the door to the design of tailored therapeutic interventions aimed at reducing and delaying the impact of senescence in life, that is, extending healthspan and treating aging as another chronic disease. Although these ideas are still far from reaching the bedside, it is conceivable that they will revolutionize the way we understand aging in the next decades. In this review, we analyze the main and well-validated cellular pathways and targets related to senescence as well as their implication in aging-associated diseases. In addition, the most relevant small molecules with senotherapeutic potential, with a special emphasis on their mechanism of action, ongoing clinical trials, and potential limitations, are discussed. Finally, a brief overview of alternative strategies that go beyond the small molecule field, together with our perspectives for the future of the field, is provided.Depto. de Ingeniería Química y de MaterialesDepto. de Química OrgánicaSección Deptal. de Química Orgánica (Óptica y Optometría)Fac. de Ciencias QuímicasFac. de Óptica y OptometríaTRUEMinisterio de Ciencia e Innovación de Españapu

Visual and cognitive experiences through GIFS in Primary Education

Autores:Martín Caeiro Rodríguez - Universidad Internacional de La Rioja- ORCID: 0000-0001-5616-3747Alberto Torres Pérez - Universidad Internacional de La Rioja - ORCID: 0000-0002-7991-1813María del Mar Martínez Oña - Universidad Internacional de La Rioja- ORCID: 0000-0001-9231-7264Recepción: 14.01.2019 | Aceptado: 21.01.2019Correspondencia con Matín Caeiro: [email protected] GIF se ha convertido en un formato de expresión y comunicación habitual de las redes sociales, adquiriendo también protagonismo como un género artístico. Objetivos: El objetivo es generar experiencias cognitivas visuales en las que los niños sean protagonistas de su aprendizaje a través de ejemplos prácticos. Método: Para ello analizamos los archivos GIF clasificándolos a partir de tres criterios: intencionalidad, contexto y contenido, e identificando aplicaciones digitales (APPS) que permiten realizar GIFS. Asimismo, diseñamos una metodología bimodal que enlaza la identificación de APPS con la creación de GIFS. Resultados: Se han creado nueve GIFS a partir de contenidos curriculares artísticos utilizando APPS y procesos adecuados a la etapa de Primaria. Discusión: El análisis de APPS y los GIFS creados indican que ambos elementos asociados permiten trabajar contenidos en Educación Primaria presentando la información de un modo más dinámico y visual.Abstract: The GIF has become a habitual form of expression and communication in the social media, also acquiring importance as an artistic genre. Objectives: The aim is to generate visual cognitive experiences in which children are the protagonists of their learning through practical examples. Method: To this end, we analyse GIF files by classifying them according to three criteria: intentionality, context and content, and identifying digital applications (APPS) that allow GIFS to be made. We also designed a bimodal methodology that links the identification of APPS with the creation of GIFS. Results: Nine GIFS were created based on artistic curricular content using APPS and processes appropriate to the Primary level. Discussion: The analysis of APPS and the GIFS created indicate that both associated elements allow work on content in Primary Education presenting the information in a more dynamic and visual way

Association of Adherence to Specific Mediterranean Diet Components and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Young Adults

Objective: Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and a healthy diet may be part of an overall healthy lifestyle. The association between cardiorespiratory fitness and adherence to an overall Mediterranean Diet (MedD) pattern and specific MedD foods has been assessed. Design: Subjects completed a lifestyle survey and dietary pattern, using the validated MedD Adherence 14-item questionnaire and two self-reported 24-h dietary recalls. Participants' height, body weight, waist circumference (WC), and CRF (maximum oxygen uptake, VO2max, ml/kg/min) were measured. Setting: University of Cadiz, Spain. Subjects: A sample of young adults (n = 275, 22.2 +/- 6.3 years). Results: Mean VO2max was 43.9 mL/kg/min (SD 8.5 mL/kg/min). Most participants had healthy CRF (75.9%). The average MedD score was 6.2 points (SD 1.8 points). Participants who consumed more servings of nuts had higher VO2max. Those who showed low CRF performed less physical activity (PA) and had a higher body mass index (BMI) and WC compared with those classified as having healthy CRF. Nut consumption was positively associated with VO2max (beta = 0.320; 95% CI 2.4, 10.7; p < 0.002), adjusting for sex, age, smoking PA, BMI, WC, and energy intake, showing the subjects who consumed more nuts were fitter than young adults who consumed less. Conclusions: CRF is positively associated with nut consumption but not with the overall MedD pattern and all other MedD foods in the young adults. The subjects who consumed more servings of nuts were fitter than young adults who consumed less. Moreover, fitter subjects performed more PA and had a lower BMI and WC than those who had lower fitness levels

Nutrient Removal and Membrane Performance of an Algae Membrane Photobioreactor in Urban Wastewater Regeneration

The increase in industry and population, together with the need for wastewater reuse, makes it necessary to implement new technologies in the circular economy framework. The aim of this research was to evaluate the quality of the effluent of an algae membrane photobioreactor for the treatment of the effluent of an urban wastewater treatment plant, to characterise the ultrafiltration membranes, to study the effectiveness of a proposed cleaning protocol, and to analyse the performance of the photobioreactor. The photobioreactor operated under two days of hydraulic retention times feed with the effluent from the Los Vados wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) (Granada, Spain). The microalgae community in the photobioreactor grew according to the pseudo-second-order model. The effluent obtained could be reused for different uses of diverse quality with the removal of total nitrogen and phosphorus of 56.3% and 64.27%, respectively. The fouling of the polyvinylidene difluoride ultrafiltration membrane after 80 days of operation was slight, increasing the total membrane resistance by approximately 22%. Moreover, the higher temperature of the medium was, the lower intrinsic resistance of the membrane. A total of 100% recovery of the membrane was obtained in the two-phase cleaning protocol, with 42% and 58%, respectively.Junta de Andalucia European Commission P18-TP-473

OntoExhibit: una ontología para el modelado del ámbito de las exposiciones artísticas y sus expansiones semántico-discursivas.

El objetivo de esta comunicación es presentar OntoExhibit v. 1.0, una ontología diseñada para la representación, publicación y reutilización de información codificada y semánticamente enriquecida del dominio de las exposiciones artísticas. OntoExhibit es el resultado de una línea de investigación que se ha desplegado a través de cuatro proyectos de investigación consecutivos (2015-2022)Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Analysis of the energy flow in a municipal wastewater treatment plant based on a supercritical water oxidation reactor coupled to a gas turbine

Producción CientíficaBiological municipal wastewater treatments lead to high sludge generation and long retention times, and the possibilities for recovery of the energy content of the input waste stream are very limited due to the low operating temperature. As an alternative, we propose a sequence of exclusively physicochemical, non-biological stages that avoid sludge production, while producing high-grade energy outflows favoring recovery, all in shorter times. Ultrafiltration and evaporation units provide a front-end concentration block, while a supercritical water oxidation reactor serves as the main treatment unit. A new approach for energy recovery from the effluent of the reactor is proposed, based on its injection in a gas turbine, which presents advantages over simpler direct utilization methods from operational and efficiency points of view. A process layout and a numerical simulation to assess this proposal have been developed. Results show that the model process, characterized with proven operating parameters, found a range of feasible solutions to the treatment problem with similar energy costs, at a fast speed, without sludge production, while co-generating the municipality’s average electricity consumption.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación - (Grant RTI2018- 097456-B-100

Implementación de informes de prácticas virtuales de Microbiología Clínica y construcción de un banco de imágenes para facilitar el aprendizaje de esta asignatura

El proyecto se ha desarrollado según lo previsto y se han alcanzado de manera muy satisfactoria los objetivos propuestos, generándose informes virtuales de prácticas de Microbiología Clínica de 4º de Farmacia y un banco de fotografías de pruebas microbiológicas. La realización de este proyecto ha resultado de gran interés para los estudiantes, repercutiendo además de forma positiva en sus calificaciones y no representando una carga de trabajo adicional excesiva. Para los profesores y otros miembros del equipo del proyecto también ha supuesto una experiencia muy gratificante y el material generado puede ahora tener múltiples aplicaciones docentes

Disinformation and vaccines on social networks: Behavior of hoaxes on Twitter

Anti-vaccine disinformation is highly dangerous due to its direct effects on society. Although there is relevant research on typologies of hoaxes, denialist discourses on networks, or the popularity of vaccines, this study provides a complementary and pioneering vision about the antivaccine discourse of COVID-19 on Twitter, focused on its spreaders’ behavior. Methodology: Given an initial sample of a hundred hoaxes (from December 2020 to September 2021) for the download of 200,246 tweets, around 36,000 tweets (N=36.292) that support or deny disinformation have been filtered through an algorithm for Natural Language Inference (NLI) to analyze their spreaders’ through their metrics in the platform. Results: In relative numbers, the results show, among others, more hoaxes with original content (not retweets) among accounts with more followers and those verified; more irruption of disinformation as opposed to its objection by accounts created between 2013 and 2020, and the association of the acknowledgment (more presence in lists or many more followers than followed users) to the preference for denying false information instead of approving it. Discussion: The article shows how the typology of the accounts can be a predictive factor about the behavior of users who spread disinformation. Conclusions: Similar behavioral patterns of anti-vaccine discourse are revealed according to the accounts’ Twitter-related indicators. The size of the sample and the techniques used give a solid foundation for other comparative studies on disinformation about health and other phenomena on social networks.Ciencias de la Comunicació